COVID-19 and catatonia: Prevalence, challenges, pathophysiology, and treatment.

Background: Emerging literature supports the association between acute COVID-19 infection and neuropsychiatric complications. This article reviews the evidence for catatonia as a potential neuropsychiatric sequela of COVID-19 infection.

Methods: PubMed was searched using the terms catatonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and COVID-19.

Hereditary pseudocholinesterase deficiency discovery after electroconvulsive therapy.

Inherited pseudocholinesterase deficiency refers to an uncommon defect in the butyrylcholinesterase enzyme which can result in prolonged muscle paralysis due to delayed breakdown of choline ester paralytic anaesthetic agents. We describe a 25-year-old woman receiving electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for treatment of depression in whom motor function did not recover adequately after administration of succinylcholine. Investigated post-ECT, she was found to have severe pseudocholinesterase deficiency.

Common neurofunctional dysregulations characterize obsessive-compulsive, substance use, and gaming disorders-An activation likelihood meta-analysis of functional imaging studies.

Compulsivity and loss of behavioral control represent core symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), substance use disorder (SUD), and internet gaming disorder (IGD). Despite elaborated animal models suggesting that compulsivity is mediated by cortico-striatal circuits and a growing number of neuroimaging case-control studies, common neurofunctional alterations in these disorders have not been systematically examined. The present activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis capitalized on previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies to determine shared neurofunctional alterations among the three disorders.

A clinical comparison between 0.5% levobupivacaine and 0.5% levobupivacaine with dexamethasone 8 mg combination in brachial plexus block by the supraclavicular approach.

Background And Aims: Dexamethasone as an adjuvant to bupivacaine for supraclavicular brachial plexus (SCBP) block prolongs motor and sensory blockade. However, the effect of dexamethasone (8 mg) when added to levobupivacaine has not been well studied. This study was conducted to find out analgesic efficacy of dexamethasone as adjuvant to levobupivacaine in SCBP block.

Limiting progressive hippocampal metabolic abnormalities after smoke inhalation injury.

A 46-year-old man had a smoke inhalation injury. Within 1 month, he developed neuropsychiatric problems including toxic encephalopathy, cognitive disorder, depression symptoms and personality change. From 3 to 14 years after the toxic inhalation injury, the patient received treatment with sertraline and methylphenidate.

Distress due to lithium-induced polyuria: exploratory study.

Lithium-induced polyuria, although common, often goes unrecognized. The purpose of the present study was therefore to investigate the complaints of polyuria, and distress and functional impairment associated with polyuria, in 56 patients with bipolar disorder on long-term lithium treatment. All participants underwent 24-h urine collection, and renal function tests.

Cognitive functions in bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia: comparison.

Aims: Earlier comparisons of cognitive impairment among patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia have found a largely similar profile of deficits, but results have varied between studies. This prompted the current attempt at another such comparison.

Methods: Executive functions, memory, IQ, attention-concentration and perceptuomotor function were assessed in 48 bipolar disorder patients with operationally defined euthymia, and compared with 32 schizophrenia patients in remission, and 23 normal controls.

Comparison of cognitive functions between first- and multi-episode bipolar affective disorders.

Background: Cognitive impairment has been commonly found in euthymic patients with bipolar affective disorder (BPAD). Information about onset and course of cognitive deficits is, however, scarce. This study examined the cognitive profile of patients following their first episode of BPAD to determine whether cognitive problems are present at such an early stage.