[A new definition of the I-category in the antibiogram: I-category antibiotics no longer an option to avoid].

Currently, the meaning of the I-category of the antibiogram in culture results is changing in The Netherlands. Before, the I-category was called 'intermediate' and included combinations of antibiotics and micro-organisms in which the chance of therapeutic success was doubtful. Therefore, in clinical practice this category was mostly avoided and considered as 'in this case not clear'.

Reproducibility between two readout methods of a commercial broth microdilution assay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are growing slowly, and frequently rendering automated susceptibility testing unsuitable. Colistin is an important antibiotic for treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.

Relation of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Radiodensity to Coronary Artery Calcium on Cardiac Computed Tomography in Patients at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease.

Adipose tissue radiodensity detected by computed tomography (CT) is hypothesized to be associated with differences in adipose tissue composition which may contribute to the development of coronary atherosclerosis independent of epicardial adipose tissue volume. The aim of the present study is to quantify the relation between epicardial adipose tissue radiodensity and presence, distribution, and density of coronary artery calcium (CAC) in patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease. A total of 140 patients of the Secondary Manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART) study underwent cardiac-CT angiography.

Relation between brown adipose tissue and measures of obesity and metabolic dysfunction in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Purpose: To evaluate whether brown adipose tissue (BAT) is present in middle-aged patients with cardiovascular comorbidities and to quantify how BAT presence associates with obesity and metabolic dysfunction.

Materials And Methods: Supraclavicular and subcutaneous adipose tissue fat-signal-fraction (FF) was determined with 1.5T water-fat magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 50 patients with coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral artery disease.

Relation between cardiovascular disease risk factors and epicardial adipose tissue density on cardiac computed tomography in patients at high risk of cardiovascular events.

Background The radiodensity of epicardial adipose tissue may provide information on cardiovascular risk in addition to epicardial adipose tissue volume. The aim of this study was to quantify the relation between cardiovascular risk factors and the radiodensity of epicardial adipose tissue in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Design This was a cross-sectional study in 140 patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease.

Metabolic consequences of adipose tissue dysfunction and not adiposity per se increase the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: To quantify the risk of obesity and its associated metabolic dysfunction on the development of cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: In 1827 patients with type 2 diabetes enrolled in the Secondary Manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART) cohort study, the risk of higher BMI, waist circumference and intra-abdominal fat on the development of cardiovascular events (composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, and vascular mortality) was quantified using Cox regression. Second, risk of cardiovascular events related to obesity associated metabolic dysfunction (≥3 adapted NCEP metabolic syndrome criteria) was quantified for tertiles of intra-abdominal fat.

Reliability and agreement of adipose tissue fat fraction measurements with water-fat MRI in patients with manifest cardiovascular disease.

The supraclavicular fat depot is known for brown adipose tissue presence. To unravel adipose tissue physiology and metabolism, high quality and reproducible imaging is required. In this study we quantified the reliability and agreement of MRI fat fraction measurements in supraclavicular and subcutaneous adipose tissue of 25 adult patients with clinically manifest cardiovascular disease.

Body weight, metabolic dysfunction, and risk of type 2 diabetes in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events or with manifest cardiovascular disease: a cohort study.

Objective: To quantify the role of BMI and metabolic dysfunction in the risk of development of type 2 diabetes in patients at high risk or with manifest vascular disease.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 6,997 patients participating in the prospective Secondary Manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART) cohort study were classified according to BMI and metabolic dysfunction, defined as three or more of the modified National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) metabolic syndrome criteria (waist circumference replaced by hs-CRP ≥2 mg/L). Risk of type 2 diabetes (assessed with biannually questionnaires) was estimated with Cox proportional hazards analysis.