Prevalence and Consequences of Positional Plagiocephaly and Brachycephaly.

The incidence of positional plagiocephaly and brachycephaly in infants has increased. Treatment options include physiotherapy and helmet therapy.No information exists on the prevalence, cosmetic, and psychological consequences of plagiocephaly and brachycephaly later in life.

A simple blind tenolysis for flexor carpi radialis tendinopathy.

Background: Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendinopathy is an entity with a chronic form (repetitiveness of work) and an acute form (acute overstretching of the wrist). Confirmation of this syndrome can be established by injection of a small amount of a local anesthetic in the sheet of the FCR at this tender point. Complete relieve of the symptoms after injection confirms the existence of a tendinopathy of the FCR.

Endoscopic carpal tunnel release: a new single-portal device.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common peripheral nerve disease, often requiring surgical intervention. After the first description of endoscopic carpal tunnel release 20 years ago, several endoscopic techniques have been described. The endoscopic procedure seems to have a better outcome in terms of time to return to work.

Digital nerve injuries: a review of predictors of sensory recovery after microsurgical digital nerve repair.

Background: Optimal surgical management of digital nerve lesions remains uncertain despite the publication of numerous studies. The purposes of this review were primarily to analyze whether there is a superior surgical technique for digital nerve repair and secondarily to statistically verify the variables to be predictors of sensory recovery.

Methods: A literature search was performed using PubMed including citation from MEDLINE.

One century of Kirschner wires and Kirschner wire insertion techniques: a historical review.

A century ago, in 1909, Martin Kirschner (1879-1942) introduced a smooth pin, presently known as the Kirschner wire (K-wire). The K-wire was initially used for skeletal traction and is now currently used for many different goals. The development of the K-wire and its insertion devices were mainly influenced by the change in operative goals and by the introduction of antibiotics.

Hammering K-wires is superior to drilling with irrigation.

Cooling during drilling Kirschner wires is not always effective in preventing thermal related damage. In this study, we used a human in vitro model and compared temperature elevation, insertion time, and extraction force between three Kirschner wire insertion methods-drilling with and without irrigation and pneumatic hammering. Forty five Kirschner wires were inserted into 15 fresh human cadaver metacarpals.

Drilling K-wires, what about the osteocytes? An experimental study in rabbits.

Introduction: The function of osteocytes regarding osteonecrosis has been underestimated for a long time. Recently it has been suggested that apoptosis of osteocytes results in strong osteoclastic bone resorption. Death of osteocytes due to drilling may therefore increase the risk of K-wire loosening.