Fuzzy Multi-Regional Fractional PID controller for Pressurized Water nuclear Reactor.

The paper presents the methodology for the synthesis of a Fuzzy Multi-Regional Fractional Order PID controller (FMR-FOPID) used to control the average thermal power of a PWR nuclear reactor in the load following mode. The controller utilizes a set of FOPID controllers and the fuzzy logic Takagi-Sugeno reasoning system. The proposed methodology is based on two optimization parts.

The effects of CD4 nadirs on vessel stiffness in HIV patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy.

Background: There are many factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients having a greater risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). HIV damages vessel endothelium through chronic inflammation, which, combined with dys-lipidaemia, arterial hypertension, and antiretroviral therapy leads to the progression of atherosclerotic changes.

Aim: Our goal was to determine if a CD4 nadir along with immunological, inflammatory, biochemical, and metabolic mark-ers can be associated with higher vessel stiffness and therefore an increased risk of CVD in patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy for HIV.

Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction in Atrial Fibrillation Patients: A Cross-Sectional, Epidemiological Study.

Background: Sexual dysfunctions, especially erectile dysfunction (ED), are a major problem in cardiovascular patients. They are caused by cardiovascular risk factors including low-grade inflammation process, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and hemodynamic and vascular alterations. The same mechanisms are some of the main causes and/or consequences of atrial fibrillation (AF).

Evaluation of endothelial function and arterial stiffness in HIV-infected patients: a pilot study.

Background: In the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), life expectancy of HIV-infected patients is the same as that of the general population, resulting in increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease in this patient group.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of endothelial dysfunction in HIV-infected patients and to identify factors which affect endothelial function and arterial stiffness.

Methods: Thirty-seven adult HIV-infected patients, regardless of the fact and the type of cART, were enrolled into the study.

[Sexual dysfunction in men in the first 9 months after myocardial infarction].

Objectives: The aim of the study is to assess the frequency of sexual dysfunction in men after myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: 62 men were asked to fill IIEF 15 to assess sexual dysfunction 3 and 9 months after MI. RESULTS.

Obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with atrial fibrillation: prevalence, determinants and clinical characteristics of patients in Polish population.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are two conditions highly prevalent in the general population. OSA is known to cause haemodynamic changes, oxidative stress, and endothelial damage, and therefore promote vascular and heart remodelling which results in AF triggering and exacerbation. Coexistence of OSA and AF influences the course of both diseases, and therefore should be taken into consideration in patient management strategy planning.

Clinical characteristics, aetiology and occurrence of type 2 acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. One of the most important diseases in this group is myocardial infarction (MI). According to the universal definition developed by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), MI is divided into five main types based on its cause.

Obstructive sleep apnea, atrial fibrillation, and erectile dysfunction: are they only coexisting conditions or a new clinical syndrome? The concept of the OSAFED syndrome.

Patients rarely suffer from only 1 disease. Most of them have several conditions with common risk factors and etiology, and which often increase the severity of each other. The phenotypes linked to 1 condition are often linked to many others.

Long QT interval in a patient after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with hypocalcaemia, undergoing therapeutic hypothermia.

A 53-year-old woman was hospitalized after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation. Initial electrocardioagram showed sinus rhythm of 117 beats per minute, 452 ms QTc interval, ST-segment depression up to 1 mm in V(2)-V(6), and ST-elevation in lead aVR. Patient was treated with primary coronary angioplasty and therapeutic hypothermia, during which QTc interval prolonged up to 616 ms and Osborn wave was seen in lead V(4), along with elevation of ST-segment in I, II, III, aVF, V(5) and V(6); negative T waves in I, II, aVL, aVF, and V(2)-V(6).

[Cardiac tamponade as the initial symptom of lung cancer].

We report a case of a 55 year-old woman in whom cardiac tamponade was first symptom of lung cancer. The pericardium is involved in about 12% of patients with malignant disease. Cardiac tamponade is life-threatening situation.