Spexin Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of C2C12 Cells In Vitro-The Effect of Exercise on SPX and SPX Receptor Expression in Skeletal Muscle In Vivo.

SPX (spexin) and its receptors GalR2 and GalR3 (galanin receptor subtype 2 and galanin receptor subtype 3) play an important role in the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in human and animal fat tissue. However, little is still known about the role of this peptide in the metabolism of muscle. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of SPX on the metabolism, proliferation and differentiation of the skeletal muscle cell line C2C12.

Modulatory effects of chitosan adipate on the T and B lymphocyte subsets in mice.

This study examined the subsets of T lymphocytes in the thymus, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes as well as the subsets of B lymphocytes in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes in mice administered chitosan adipate (20 mg/kg) intraperitoneally once or four times at 24 h intervals. The results showed that chitosan adipate decreased the percentage of immature CD4+CD8+ thymic T cells and increased the percentage of mature CD4+ and CD8+ thymocytes. The most significant stimulating effect was observed after four injections.

Modulation of cellular immune response by orbifloxacin in noninfected and E. coli-infected mice.

The studies were conducted on noninfected and Escherichia (E) coli-infected mice treated with orbifloxacin administered orally 10 times at 24-hr intervals at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg. Orbifloxacin did not change the activity of peritoneal macrophages in noninfected mice.