Symbol Digit Modalities Test in progressive multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is a highly sensitive neuropsychological tool used for the assessment of information processing speed (IPS) in various neurological disorders.

State Of The Art: In this review, we have focused on the current knowledge regarding the use of SDMT selectively in the evaluation of progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) patients. A literature review was performed regarding the application of SDMT in PMS, with a focus on the primary progressive and secondary progressive subtypes.

Physical Activity, Body Composition, Serum Myokines and the Risk of Death in Hemodialysis Patients.

: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between habitual physical activity, body composition, serum myokine concentration, and all-cause mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients. : A prospective cohort study with a 7-year follow-up was conducted in a group of 38 patients (24 men, 14 women, mean age 65.6 ± 13.

A Loop That Matters-An Unusual Case of Bow Hunter's Syndrome.

Bow Hunter's syndrome (BHS), also known as rotational vertebral artery occlusion (VAO), is a rare entity in which vertebral artery is reversibly compressed due to rotation or extension of the head, causing vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Because of VAO, BHS should be considered as a possible life-threatening condition. Diverse aetiologies of BHS may trigger a broad spectrum of non-specific symptoms and may result in frequent misdiagnosis of this disorder in daily clinical practice.