Targeting Mitochondria in Glioma: New Hopes for a Cure.

Drugs targeting mitochondrial energy metabolism are emerging as promising antitumor therapeutics. Glioma treatment is extremely challenging due to the high complexity of the tumor and the high cellular heterogeneity. From a metabolic perspective, glioma cancer cells can be classified into the oxidative metabolic phenotype (mainly depending on mitochondrial respiration for energy production) and glycolytic phenotype or "Warburg effect" (mainly depending on glycolysis).

Immunophenotypic Profile of Adult Glioblastoma IDH-Wildtype Microenvironment: A Cohort Study.

: Glioblastoma -wildtype (GBM -wt) is the most aggressive brain tumor in adults and is characterized by an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Different factors shaping its tumor microenvironment (TME) regulate tumor progression and treatment response. The aim of this study was to characterize the main immunosuppressive elements of the GBM -wt TME.

Awareness of the Link Between Human Papilloma Virus Infection and Head and Neck Cancer Among the General Population and Practitioners: A Literature Review.

Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is responsible for 4.5% of cancers worldwide, i.e.

Auxin-Producing Bacteria Used as Microbial Biostimulants Improve the Growth of Tomato ( L.) Seedlings in Hydroponic Systems.

Seven auxin-producing endophytic bacterial strains ( spp., , spp.), and two different combinations of these strains were used to verify their influence on tomato during germination and development in hydroponic conditions where, as a novelty for Canestrino di Lucca cultivar, endophytic bacteria were inoculated.

Novel insights toward diagnosis and treatment of glioneuronal and neuronal tumors in young adults.

Glioneuronal and neuronal tumors are rare primary central nervous system malignancies with heterogeneous features. Due to the rarity of these malignancies diagnosis and treatment remains a clinical challenge. Here we performed a narrative review aimed to investigate the principal issues concerning the diagnosis, pathology, and clinical management of glioneuronal tumors.

New records of non-indigenous species from the eastern Mediterranean Sea (Crustacea, Mollusca), with a revision of genus (Mollusca: Bivalvia).

We report new data on non-indigenous invertebrates from the Mediterranean Sea (four ostracods and 20 molluscs), including five new records for the basin: the ostracods , aff. , cf. , cf.

The moderation effect of social capital in the relationship between own income, social comparisons and subjective well-being: Evidence from four international datasets.

In this paper we check whether social capital changes the association of subjective well-being with own income and social comparisons. We use panel data from Germany and publicly available data from three international surveys, for a total of nearly 500,000 respondents from industrial countries. Results show that the association of own income and social comparisons to subjective well-being weakens for individuals with high social capital.

Olfactory neuroblastoma: diagnosis, management, and current treatment options.

Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare neoplasm originating from the olfactory neuroepithelium representing 3-6% of tumors of the sinonasal tract. ONB require multi-disciplinary care. Historically, the gold standard surgical procedure for ONB has been open craniofacial resection.

Metastatic site patterns by intrinsic subtype and HER2DX in early HER2-positive breast cancer.

Background: Even with contemporary treatment strategies, more than 10% of HER2-positive early stage breast cancer patients may experience distant metastasis as first event during follow-up. Tools for predicting unique patterns of metastatic spread are needed to plan personalized surveillance. We evaluated how molecular heterogeneity affects the pattern of distant relapse in HER2-positive breast cancer.

CAR-T cells neurotoxicity from consolidated practice in hematological malignancies to fledgling experience in CNS tumors: fill the gap.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) therapy has marked a paradigm shift in the treatment of hematological malignancies and represent a promising growing field also in solid tumors. Neurotoxicity is a well-recognized common complication of CAR-T therapy and is at the forefront of concerns for CAR-based immunotherapy widespread adoption, as it necessitates a cautious approach. The non-specific targeting of the CAR-T cells against normal tissues (on-target off-tumor toxicities) can be life-threatening; likewise, immune-mediate neurological symptoms related to CAR-T cell induced inflammation in central nervous system (CNS) must be precociously identified and recognized and possibly distinguished from non-specific symptoms deriving from the tumor itself.

DCVax-L Vaccination in Patients with Glioblastoma: Real Promise or Negative Trial? The Debate Is Open.

The lack of significant improvement in the prognosis of patients with GB over the last decades highlights the need for innovative treatments aimed at fighting this malignancy and increasing survival outcomes. The results of the phase III clinical trial of DCVax-L (autologous tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccination), which has been shown to increase both median survival and long-term survival in newly diagnosed and relapsed glioblastoma, have been enthusiastically received by the scientific community. However, this study deserves some reflections regarding methodological issues related to the primary endpoint change, the long accrual period, and the suboptimal validity of the external control population used as the comparison arm.

Tumor Microenvironment in Gliomas: A Treatment Hurdle or an Opportunity to Grab?

Gliomas are the most frequent central nervous system (CNS) primary tumors. The prognosis and clinical outcomes of these malignancies strongly diverge according to their molecular alterations and range from a few months to decades. The tumor-associated microenvironment involves all cells and connective tissues surrounding tumor cells.

Type of adjuvant endocrine therapy and disease-free survival in patients with early HR-positive/HER2-positive BC: analysis from the phase III randomized ShortHER trial.

The optimal adjuvant endocrine therapy for HR-positive/HER2-positive breast cancer patients is unknown. We included in this analysis 784 patients with HR-positive/HER2-positive BC from the randomized ShortHER trial of adjuvant trastuzumab (1 year vs 9 weeks) + chemotherapy. At a median follow-up of 8.

Glioblastoma treatment slowly moves toward change: novel druggable targets and translational horizons in 2022.

Introduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults. GBM treatment options have been the same for the past 30 years and have only modestly extended survival, despite aggressive multimodal treatments. The progressively better knowledge of GBM biology and a comprehensive analysis of its genomic profile have elucidated GBM heterogeneity, contributing to a more effective molecular classification and to the development of innovative targeted therapeutic approaches.

Implications of BRAF V600E mutation in gliomas: Molecular considerations, prognostic value and treatment evolution.

Gliomas are molecularly heterogeneous brain tumors responsible for the most years of life lost by any cancer. High-grade gliomas have a poor prognosis and despite multimodal treatment including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, exhibit a high recurrence rate. There is a need for new therapeutic approaches based on precision medicine informed by biomarker assessment and BRAF, a key regulator of MAPK signaling pathway, influencing cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and pro-tumorigenic activity, is emerging as a promising molecular target.

Beyond Imaging and Genetic Signature in Glioblastoma: Radiogenomic Holistic Approach in Neuro-Oncology.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor exhibiting rapid and infiltrative growth, with less than 10% of patients surviving over 5 years, despite aggressive and multimodal treatments. The poor prognosis and the lack of effective pharmacological treatments are imputable to a remarkable histological and molecular heterogeneity of GBM, which has led, to date, to the failure of precision oncology and targeted therapies. Identification of molecular biomarkers is a paradigm for comprehensive and tailored treatments; nevertheless, biopsy sampling has proved to be invasive and limited.

Relationship between measures of left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction and clinical and biomarker status in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

The evaluation of left ventricular (dys)function is at the core of clinical cardiology practice in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy proceeds along paradigms that are profoundly different and follows disease-specific patterns of progression towards heart failure. By automatically applying a standard approach, much information is lost or misplaced, and severe degrees of dysfunction may be erroneously interpreted as mild by such an assumption.