A scoping review of dementia education programs to assess for the inclusion of culture.

This scoping review examined literature on dementia education programs (DEPs) for healthcare providers and students. The search was conducted using the Discover! search engine that includes 63 databases. The review included a total of 25 articles that met the eligibility criteria.

How do universities support communication skills for clinical placements with culturally and linguistically diverse students? A scoping review.

Aim: The aim of this scoping review was to examine and synthesise contemporary research on clinical communication interventions for tertiary students from a culturally and linguistically diverse background enrolled in a health professional qualification.

Background: Clinical communication competence is essential to high quality healthcare and thus is a critical component of all health professional education. The rise in tertiary students from non-English speaking backgrounds in Australia and many other countries has escalated concern over the communication skills required for success in clinical placements and future practice as a health professional.

The VOTIS, part 1: development and pilot trial of a tool to assess students' interprofessional skill development using video-reflexive ethnography.

This paper explores the development and evaluation of the video Observation Tool for Interprofessional Skills (VOTIS). We describe the development of an authentic interprofessional assessment tool that incorporates video reflection and allows formative and summative assessment of individual learners' interprofessional skills within an authentic interprofessional context. We then investigate its validity and reliability.

The VOTIS, part 2: Using a video-reflexive assessment activity to foster dispositional learning in interprofessional education.

Effective interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) requires a new way of working characterized by distributed leadership skills, shared decision-making, and the adoption of uniprofessional and interprofessional identities. Health professional educators are tasked with preparing clinicians for IPCP through interprofessional education (IPE). Numerous IPE teaching interventions have been developed, ranging in length from hours to semesters, designed to introduce students to interprofessional ways of working - usually evaluated in terms of student satisfaction, perceptions of other disciplines and conceptual knowledge.

Clinical supervisors' reflections on their role, training needs and overall experience as dental educators.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to understand the views of clinical supervisors overseeing final year dental students and investigate their perceived role, level of support and training available, and ways to improve the supervisory experience.

Methods: Clinical supervisors who oversaw fifth-year dental students in 2019 were invited to participate in an online survey. Respondents who indicated their willingness to participate were contacted for a semi-structured interview which were analysed using Constant Comparative Methodology.

Mentorship availability and needs for junior faculty members at the United States and Australian dental schools.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to understand the experiences junior faculty have during their professional socialisation as educators and how they perceive the need and value of mentorship.

Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative study design was used. Data were collected in 2019 through a pre-survey and focus groups with junior faculty (defined as 0-5 years) across four institutions in Australia and the United States of America.

Protein exchange is reduced in calcium-independent epithelial junctions.

Desmosomes are cell-cell junctions that provide mechanical integrity to epithelial and cardiac tissues. Desmosomes have two distinct adhesive states, calcium-dependent and hyperadhesive, which balance tissue plasticity and strength. A highly ordered array of cadherins in the adhesive interface is hypothesized to drive hyperadhesion, but how desmosome structure confers adhesive state is still elusive.

DNA mechanotechnology reveals that integrin receptors apply pN forces in podosomes on fluid substrates.

Podosomes are ubiquitous cellular structures important to diverse processes including cell invasion, migration, bone resorption, and immune surveillance. Structurally, podosomes consist of a protrusive actin core surrounded by adhesion proteins. Although podosome protrusion forces have been quantified, the magnitude, spatial distribution, and orientation of the opposing tensile forces remain poorly characterized.

Touch in health professional practice: a review.

Background: The appropriate use of touch is central to effective and compassionate care in the clinical environment; however, in a time of the #MeToo movement, and with heightened awareness of child and elder abuse, the notion of physical contact is frequently viewed negatively, and may be associated with gender and power divides. The use of touch in the clinical context has increasing layers of complexity and is highly context specific. … in a time of the #MeToo movement … the notion of physical contact is frequently viewed negatively … METHODS: We reviewed relevant literature, including textbooks, and have drawn on our own experiences to explore the concept and use of touch across medicine, nursing and dentistry.

'Compassion, the first emotion ditched when I'm busy'. The struggle to maintain our common humanity.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction A considerable body of literature has been built around the socialisation of medical students and junior doctors into the culture of medicine, yet our appreciation of how their affective learning is shaped through practice, over time, continues to challenge our understanding and subsequent educational practice.

Correction to: Testing for medical school selection: What are prospective doctors' experiences and perceptions of the GAMSAT and what are the consequences of testing?

The wrong acknowledgement and funding information were provided in the original publication.

Bridging the gap: Super-resolution microscopy of epithelial cell junctions.

Cell junctions are critical for cell adhesion and communication in epithelial tissues. It is evident that the cellular distribution, size, and architecture of cell junctions play a vital role in regulating function. These details of junction architecture have been challenging to elucidate in part due to the complexity and size of cell junctions.

Testing for medical school selection: What are prospective doctors' experiences and perceptions of the GAMSAT and what are the consequences of testing?

Written tests for selection into medicine have demonstrated reliability and there is accumulating evidence regarding their validity, but we know little about the broader impacts or consequences of medical school selection tests from the perspectives of key stakeholders. In this first Australian study of its kind, we use consequential validity as a theoretical lens to examine how medical school students and applicants view and experience the Graduate Medical Schools Admission Test (GAMSAT), and the consequences of testing. Participants (n = 447) were recruited from five graduate-entry medical schools across Australia and a publicly available online test preparation forum.

Desmoglein 3 Order and Dynamics in Desmosomes Determined by Fluorescence Polarization Microscopy.

Desmosomes are macromolecular cell-cell junctions that provide adhesive strength in epithelial tissue. Desmosome function is inseparably linked to structure, and it is hypothesized that the arrangement, or order, of desmosomal cadherins in the intercellular space is critical for adhesive strength. However, due to desmosome size, molecular complexity, and dynamics, the role that order plays in adhesion is challenging to study.

Utility of selection methods for specialist medical training: A BEME (best evidence medical education) systematic review: BEME guide no. 45.

Background: Selection into specialty training is a high-stakes and resource-intensive process. While substantial literature exists on selection into medical schools, and there are individual studies in postgraduate settings, there seems to be paucity of evidence concerning selection systems and the utility of selection tools in postgraduate training environments.

Aim: To explore, analyze and synthesize the evidence related to selection into postgraduate medical specialty training.

Molecular organization of the desmosome as revealed by direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy.

Desmosomes are macromolecular junctions responsible for providing strong cell-cell adhesion. Because of their size and molecular complexity, the precise ultrastructural organization of desmosomes is challenging to study. Here, we used direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) to resolve individual plaque pairs for inner and outer dense plaque proteins.

Becoming a medical educator: motivation, socialisation and navigation.

Background: Despite an increasing concern about a future shortage of medical educators, little published research exists on career choices in medical education nor the impact of specific training posts in medical education (e.g. academic registrar/resident positions).

A review of longitudinal community and hospital placements in medical education: BEME Guide No. 26.

Background: Traditionally, clinical learning for medical students consists of short-term and opportunistic encounters with primarily acute-care patients, supervised by an array of clinician preceptors. In response to educational concerns, some medical schools have developed longitudinal placements rather than short-term rotations. Many of these longitudinal placements are also integrated across the core clinical disciplines, are commonly termed longitudinal integrated clerkships (LICs) and often situated in rural locations.

The effect of environmental conditions on the persistence of common lubricants on skin for cases of sexual assault investigation.

The potential for lubricant trace evidence to be used as associative evidence is often overlooked in forensic investigations. Published studies in this area have focused on the identification of analytical techniques suitable for the detection of this evidence type. However, detection of trace lubricant is also dependent on the length of time it persists on skin and mucosal surfaces.

Neurosteroid binding to the amino terminal and glutamate binding domains of ionotropic glutamate receptors.

The endogenous neurosteroids, pregnenolone sulfate (PS) and 3α-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one sulfate (PREGAS), have been shown to differentially regulate the ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) family of ligand-gated ion channels. Upon binding to these receptors, PREGAS decreases current flow through the channels. Upon binding to non-NMDA or NMDA receptors containing an GluN2C or GluN2D subunit, PS also decreases current flow through the channels, however, upon binding to NMDA receptors containing an GluN2A or GluN2B subunit, flow through the channels increases.

Provenance determination of oriental porcelain using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS).

The sale of fraudulent oriental ceramics constitutes a large proportion of the illegal artifact and antique trade and threatens to undermine the legitimate international market. The sophistication and skill of forgers has reached a level where, using traditional appraisal by eye and hand, even the most experienced specialist is often unable to distinguish between a genuine and fraudulent piece. In addition, current provenancing techniques such as energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry and thermoluminescence (TL) dating can result in significant damage to the artifact itself.

Empowerment as a dynamically developing concept for practice: lessons learned from organizational ethnography.

This article describes the process of developing an empowerment approach in a comprehensive child development program that defined its mission as empowerment of families living in poverty. This description is derived from a seven-year organizational ethnographic research project that included data from participant observation, agency documents, individual interviews of staff and family participants, and focus group interviews with staff. Findings concerning empowerment are presented in two areas: (1) resolution of contrasts and dichotomies related to the nature of services, understanding staff roles, and working with the federal government; and (2) lessons learned forprogram effectiveness.