Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy With Estrogen Causing Gallstone Associated Acute Pancreatitis.

Background/objective: Although estrogen is one of the main agents used to treat transgender women, there are few reports of acute pancreatitis (AP) of this illness in this group. The objective of this report is to describe a transgender woman who developed AP in the setting of estrogen treatment and gallstone disease.

Case Report: A 38-year-old transgender woman presented with severe abdominal pain and vomiting.

Hurricane-induced dramatic decline and natural recovery of a vulnerable sportfish population: Shoal bass (Micropterus cataractae) in the Chipola River, Florida.

Freshwater fishes are among the most biodiverse vertebrate groups and among the most threatened by anthropogenic activities. Many occur in small and geographically restricted populations that are increasingly subject to catastrophic events (hurricanes, wildfires, extreme floods and droughts), but it has rarely been possible to assess the impacts of such events. Here we document the decline and recovery of a regularly monitored, small shoal bass (Micropterus cataractae) population in the Chipola River, Florida following a catastrophic hurricane disturbance.

Feasibility of advanced composite endpoint analysis: Post-hoc insights from the vitamin intervention for stroke prevention randomized control trial.

Background And Aims: Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability, highlighting the importance of prevention. Clinical trials play an important role in evaluating interventions that can maximize stroke prevention. Traditional composite endpoints (TCE) used in clinical trials have limitations, as they pool together events of varying clinical importance.

Modulating fast skeletal muscle contraction protects skeletal muscle in animal models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal muscle disease caused by absence of the protein dystrophin, which acts as a structural link between the basal lamina and contractile machinery to stabilize muscle membranes in response to mechanical stress. In DMD, mechanical stress leads to exaggerated membrane injury and fiber breakdown, with fast fibers being the most susceptible to damage. A major contributor to this injury is muscle contraction, controlled by the motor protein myosin.

Oncological management dilemma: a rare presentation of hairy cell leukaemia with hepatic involvement presenting concomitantly with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) is a rare B cell malignancy that is associated with the BRAF V600E mutation and has good treatment response to purine analogues. Its presentation synchronously with other malignancies has been rarely reported. Here, we present a patient with HCL with hepatic involvement who was also found to have pancreatic adenocarcinoma concomitantly at the time of diagnosis.

A Review of Ketogenic Diet and Lifestyle.

The ketogenic diet has become increasing popular in recent years. With 25.4 million unique searches, the keto diet was the most Googled diet in the United States in 2020.

Comprehension Profile of Patient Education Materials in Endocrine Care.

Introduction: The internet is an ever-evolving resource to improve healthcare literacy among patients. The nature of the internet can make it difficult to condense educational materials in a manner applicable to a worldwide patient audience. Within the realm of endocrinology, there is lack of a comprehensive analysis regarding these pathologies in addition to education materials related to their medical work-up or management.

Elevation of fast but not slow troponin I in the circulation of patients with Becker and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Introduction: One of the hallmarks of injured skeletal muscle is the appearance of elevated skeletal muscle proteins in circulation. Human skeletal muscle generally consists of a mosaic of slow (type I) and fast (type IIa, IIx/d) fibers, defined by their myosin isoform expression. Recently, measurement of circulating fiber-type specific isoforms of troponin I has been used as a biomarker to suggest that muscle injury in healthy volunteers (HV) results in the appearance of muscle proteins from fast but not slow fibers.

Transient Anti-Phospholipid Antibodies in Two Patients With COVID-19.

We report two cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients who developed pulmonary embolism and transient anti-phospholipid antibodies. At the time of presentation with acute pulmonary embolism, both patients had leukocytosis and increased levels of anti-cardiolipin antibodies, which resolved at testing 12 weeks after initial presentation. Studying cases of pulmonary embolism and increased anti-phospholipid antibodies in the context of COVID-19 could be one of the factors for elucidating the possible connection between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, anti-phospholipid antibodies, and thrombosis.

Feasibility, effectiveness and safety of the self-management intervention deprexis in routine medical care: Results of an uncontrolled observational study.

Introduction: Numerous RCTs have demonstrated the effectiveness of internet-based self-management interventions (SMIs) in the treatment of depressive symptoms. These studíes often recruit outside routine clinical practice. For the present study, we investigated the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of an SMI (deprexis) in routine medical care using a non-interventional design.

Large increases in plasma fast skeletal muscle troponin I after whole-body eccentric exercises.

Objectives: It has been reported that plasma fast skeletal muscle troponin I (fsTnI) but not slow skeletal muscle troponin I (ssTnI) increases after a bout of eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors. The present study compared the first and second bouts of whole-body eccentric exercises for changes in plasma fsTnI and ssTnI concentrations.

Design: Observational study in an experimental group.

Iodide-induced Hyperthyroidism Within Four Hours of Iodide Load: A Case Report and Review.

The recommended amount of iodide consumption for the majority of adults is approximately 150 mcg per day. During a computed tomography scan, patients can receive 14 to 35 million mcg of iodinated contrast. A 46-year-old African female with no known prior thyroid disease presented with dyspnea and tachycardia.

Growing Old Too Fast: A Rare Case of Werner Syndrome.

Werner syndrome (WS) is rare adult-onset progeria characterized by premature aging and early death. Patients develop normally until adolescence and usually present in early adulthood. Our case highlights a common presentation of this uncommon disease, wherein a 29-year-old non-obese male with no known risk factors developed uncontrolled diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and rapidly progressive atherosclerotic vascular disease.

Colloidal Drug Aggregate Stability in High Serum Conditions and Pharmacokinetic Consequence.

Colloidal drug aggregates have been a nuisance in drug screening, yet, because they inherently comprise drug-rich particles, they may be useful in vivo if issues of stability can be addressed. As the first step toward answering this question, we optimized colloidal drug aggregate formulations using a fluorescence-based assay to study fulvestrant colloidal formation and stability in high (90%) serum conditions in vitro. We show, for the first time, that the critical aggregation concentration of fulvestrant depends on media composition and increases with serum concentration.

Leveraging Colloidal Aggregation for Drug-Rich Nanoparticle Formulations.

While limited drug loading continues to be problematic for chemotherapeutics formulated in nanoparticles, we found that we could take advantage of colloidal drug aggregation to achieve high loading when combined with polymeric excipients. We demonstrate this approach with two drugs, fulvestrant and pentyl-PABC doxazolidine (PPD; a prodrug of doxazolidine, which is a DNA cross-linking anthracycline), and two polymers, polysorbate 80 (UP80) and poly(d,l-lactide-co-2-methyl-2-carboxytrimethylene carbonate)-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLAC-PEG; a custom-synthesized, self-assembling amphiphilic polymer). In both systems, drug-loaded nanoparticles had diameters < 200 nm and were stable for up to two days in buffered saline solution and for up to 24 h in serum-containing media at 37 °C.

Oxidative ecology of paternal care in wild smallmouth bass, .

Physiologically, oxidative stress is considered a homeostatic imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and absorption. From an ecological perspective, oxidative stress may serve as an important constraint to life-history traits, such as lifespan, reproduction and the immune system, and is gaining interest as a potential mechanism underlying life-history trade-offs. Of late, there has been much interest in understanding the role of oxidative stress in the ecology of wild animals, particularly during challenging periods such as reproduction.

Pooled Analysis of Four Non-Interventional Studies: Effectiveness and Tolerability of the Antidepressant Agomelatine in Daily Practice.

Introduction: Meta-analyses are useful to increase knowledge and strengthen evidence about antidepressant treatment supplementary to individual studies.

Methods: A pooled analysis of four multicenter, open-label, prospective, non-interventional studies (2009-2013) was performed to provide further evidence about the antidepressant effectiveness and tolerability of agomelatine (25-50 mg/day) in a large number of non-selected German outpatients with major depressive disorder. The main analysis was performed after 12 weeks (n = 9601) and in subpopulations after 24 and 52 weeks by descriptive statistical methods.

Correlation of in Situ Oxazolidine Formation with Highly Synergistic Cytotoxicity and DNA Cross-Linking in Cancer Cells from Combinations of Doxorubicin and Formaldehyde.

Anthracyclines are a class of antitumor compounds that are successful and widely used but suffer from cardiotoxicity and acquired tumor resistance. Formaldehyde interacts with anthracyclines to enhance antitumor efficacy, bypass resistance mechanisms, improve the therapeutic profile, and change the mechanism of action from a topoisomerase II poison to a DNA cross-linker. Contrary to current dogma, we show that both efficient DNA cross-linking and potent synergy in combination with formaldehyde correlate with the anthracycline's ability to form cyclic formaldehyde conjugates as oxazolidine moieties and that the cyclic conjugates are better cross-linking agents and cytotoxins than acyclic conjugates.

Bortezomib-induced Sweet's syndrome confirmed by rechallenge.

Sweet's syndrome, also known as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is characterized predominantly by fever, elevated neutrophil count, and erythematous skin lesions composed of plaques and nodules that appear on upper extremities, face, or neck. The incidence of Sweet's syndrome in the general population is unknown due to the rarity of the condition and potential lack of reporting. Bortezomib, an antineoplastic agent that is the standard of care in patients with multiple myeloma, has been reported to be associated with Sweet's syndrome.

[Problems of aggressive behaviour and its measurement in various age levels. Introduction of two questionnaires].

Authors give a detailed overview on aspects of aggressive behaviour in childhood and adolescence especially on the basis of the literature of the last two decades, then. the measurement opportunities of aggression is discussed. The Children's Aggression Scale- parent version (Halperin et al 2002) rated by parents is presented and Hungarian validity data are published.

Carboxylesterase-2 is a highly sensitive target of the antiobesity agent orlistat with profound implications in the activation of anticancer prodrugs.

Orlistat has been the most used anti-obesity drug and the mechanism of its action is to reduce lipid absorption by inhibiting gastrointestinal lipases. These enzymes, like carboxylesterases (CESs), structurally belong to the α/β hydrolase fold superfamily. Lipases and CESs are functionally related as well.