Mutations in the efflux regulator gene provide a simple genetic switch for antimicrobial resistance in .

is a pathogen of major concern in the global rise of antimicrobial resistance and has been implicated as a reservoir for the transfer of resistance genes between species. The upregulation of efflux pumps is a particularly concerning mechanism of resistance acquisition as, in many instances, a single point mutation can simultaneously provide resistance to a range of antimicrobials and biocides. The current study investigated mutations in , which encodes a negative regulator of the RND-family efflux pump genes, , natively found in the chromosome of .

Evolution of RND efflux pumps in the development of a successful pathogen.

Aims: This study examined the origins and evolution of the AdeABC, AdeFGH and AdeIJK efflux pumps in the Acinetobacter genus, including human and animal pathogens and species from non-clinical environments.

Methods: Comparative genome analyses were performed using the reference sequences for 70 Acinetobacter species to identify putative orthologs of AdeABC, AdeFGH and AdeIJK and their regulators. Sequence similarities and the genomic locations of coding sequences were correlated with phylogeny to infer modes of evolution.

Multicenter Evaluation of the Idylla GeneFusion in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Targeted therapy in lung cancer requires the assessment of multiple oncogenic driver alterations, including fusion genes. This retrospective study evaluated the Idylla GeneFusion prototype, an automated and ease-of-use (<2 minutes) test, with a short turnaround time (3 hours) to detect fusions involving ALK, ROS1, RET, and NTRK1/2/3 genes and MET exon 14 skipping. This multicenter study (18 centers) included 313 tissue samples from lung cancer patients with 97 ALK, 44 ROS1, 20 RET, and 5 NTRKs fusions, 32 MET exon 14 skipping, and 115 wild-type samples, previously identified with reference methods (RNA-based next-generation sequencing/fluorescence in situ hybridization/quantitative PCR).

A thymoma or not a thymoma-that is the question: a case report.

Thymomas are malignant, epithelial tumors of the thymus of diverse morphology that may metastasize or relapse after resection. The WHO histological classification includes five main subtypes A, AB, B1, B2 and B3. Types A and AB usually harbour a specific gene mutation.

Measured and predicted freeze-thaw days frequencies in climate change conditions in central Poland.

The rate of progression of geomorphological phenomena is greatly influenced by freeze-thaw processes. In the face of air temperature increasing over the past few decades, a question of the future impact of these processes arises, notably in the temperate and cold climate zones. Using the mean, maximum and minimum daily air temperature data in the period 1951-2018 obtained from three weather stations located in the vicinity of Jeziorsko reservoir (central Poland), we have determined the mathematical correlation, described with a polynomial function, between the mean monthly air temperature and the monthly number of freeze-thaw days (FTD).

Reduced Complications after Arterial Reconnection in a Rat Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation.

The rat orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) model is a powerful tool to study acute and chronic rejection. However, it is not a complete representation of human liver transplantation due to the absence of arterial reconnection. Described here is a modified transplantation procedure that includes the incorporation of hepatic artery (HA) reconnection, leading to a marked improvement in transplant outcomes.

Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy guided by radial mini-probe endobronchial ultrasound in interstitial lung diseases - a multicenter prospective study.

Introduction: Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) is commonly used in diagnosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Ageneral anesthesia with endotracheal intubation, balloon blockers and fluoroscopy control is the most common modality. Simplifying the procedure without decreasing it's safety could result in wider use.

Normothermic Ex Vivo Liver Perfusion Prevents Intrahepatic Platelet Sequestration After Liver Transplantation.

Background: The detrimental role of platelets in sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) injury during liver transplantation (LT) has been previously addressed after static cold storage (SCS), however, it is currently unknown after normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion (NEVLP).

Methods: Pig LT was performed with livers from heart-beating donors or donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors subjected to SCS or NEVLP (n = 5/group).

Results: All pigs except for 1 (DCD-SCS-group) survived 4 days.

The role of freeze-thaw action in dam reservoir cliff degradation assessed by terrestrial laser scanning: A case study of Jeziorsko Reservoir (central Poland).

Cliff recession is a combined result of wave action in the shore zone and geomorphological processes in the transformed cliff. As several processes usually take place simultaneously or consecutively, so distinguishing between the impact of each one of them individually on cliff erosion is impossible. Jeziorsko Reservoir is characterized by large fluctuations of water level in the annual cycle (several metres), hence in winter, when the water level in the reservoir is the lowest, the exposed cliff is not directly influenced by wave erosion.

Single cell RNA sequencing of human liver reveals distinct intrahepatic macrophage populations.

The liver is the largest solid organ in the body and is critical for metabolic and immune functions. However, little is known about the cells that make up the human liver and its immune microenvironment. Here we report a map of the cellular landscape of the human liver using single-cell RNA sequencing.

Overexpression of fibrinogen-like protein 2 protects against T cell-induced colitis.

Aim: To determine the effect of overexpression of fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) on regulatory T cell (Treg) and effector T (Teff) cell function on T cell-induced colitis in mice.

Methods: Treg and Teff cells from , , and mice were purified by FACS. They were studied for immunosuppressive activity and cell proliferation and for their effects on the development and prevention of T cell-induced colitis in mice.

Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy to promote cardiac tissue regeneration and repair.

Purpose Of Review: This review focuses on articles published from January 2015 to June 2016 on mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy for cardiac regeneration and repair.

Recent Findings: During this period, reports published on MSCs address the best MSC tissue source for cellular therapy, mechanisms of MSC activity and improving MSC longevity, and homing in vivo. Currently, there is no definitive therapeutic advantage of any one tissue-derived MSC over another, and even combination therapies struggle with conflicting outcomes.

Overexpression of Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2 Promotes Tolerance in a Fully Mismatched Murine Model of Heart Transplantation.

Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) is an immunomodulatory protein that is expressed by regulatory T cells (Tregs). The objective of this study was to determine if recombinant FGL2 (rFGL2) treatment or constitutive FGL2 overexpression could promote transplant tolerance in mice. Although rFGL2 treatment prevented rejection of fully mismatched cardiac allografts, all grafts were rejected after stopping treatment.

Early and long-term outcomes of pericardiotomy in the treatment of primary cardiac tamponade.

Introduction: Cardiac tamponade is a life-threatening clinical entity that requires emergent treatment. A variety of therapeutic methods have been applied. The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to study the efficacy of emergent surgical pericardiotomy in both the relief of cardiac tamponade and in the prevention of recurrence of pericardial effusion.

Role of Regulatory T Cells (Treg) and the Treg Effector Molecule Fibrinogen-like Protein 2 in Alloimmunity and Autoimmunity.

CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) are critical to the maintenance of immune tolerance. Treg are known to utilize a number of molecular pathways to control immune responses and maintain immune homeostasis. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) has been identified by a number of investigators as an important immunosuppressive effector of Treg, which exerts its immunoregulatory activity by binding to inhibitory FcγRIIB receptors expressed on antigen-presenting cells including dendritic cells, endothelial cells, and B cells.

Prospective Randomized Study Comparing Combined Phaco-ExPress and Phacotrabeculectomy in Open Angle Glaucoma Treatment: 12-Month Follow-Up.

Purpose of the Study. To compare the efficacy and safety of phacotrabeculectomy (P-Trab) and phacoemulsification with the ExPress (P-ExPress) mini glaucoma shunt implantation. Study Plan.

Microvolt T-wave alternans in adult patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot.

Objective: Indications for sudden cardiac death (SCD) primary prevention are unknown in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). The role of microvolt T-wave alternans (MTWA) in SCD risk stratification was documented. However, the prevalence of spectral MTWA and its association with ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in adults after ToF repair were not elucidated.

Bilateral serous retinal detachment in preeclampsia--a case report.

Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and fetal/neonatal mortality worldwide. Serous retinal detachment is an unusual cause of visual loss in pregnancy. This is a case report of a 17-year-old patient who was admitted to the obstetric ward with symptoms of preeclampsia.

Protein interferon-stimulated gene 15 conjugation delays but does not overcome coronavirus proliferation in a model of fulminant hepatitis.

Unlabelled: Coronaviruses express a deubiquitinating protein, the papain-like protease-2 (PLP2), that removes both ubiquitin and the ubiquitin-like interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) protein from target proteins. ISG15 has antiviral activity against a number of viruses; therefore, we examined the effect of ISG15 conjugation (ISGylation) in a model of acute viral hepatitis induced by the murine hepatitis virus strain 3 (MHV-3) coronavirus. Mice deficient in the ISG15 deconjugating enzyme, ubiquitin-specific peptidase-18 (USP18), accumulate high levels of ISG15-conjugated proteins and are hypersensitive to type I IFN.

Primary cardiac angiosarcoma - a review.

Primary cardiac neoplasms are extremely rare. Angiosarcoma is the most commonly seen histological subtype and is characterized by its permeating and destructive nature. Unfortunately, primary cardiac angiosarcoma is often overlooked as an initial diagnosis because of its rarity.

Angiosarcoma of the heart - a diagnostic pitfall.

Primary tumours of the heart are extremely rare. Sarcomas are considered to be the most frequent histological type. This study presents two cases with a two-week and two-month history of fatigue, fever and shortness of breath.

Did people "buy" what was "sold"? A qualitative evaluation of a contingent valuation survey information set for gains in life expectancy.

A number of stated preferences studies have estimated a monetary value for the gains in life expectancy resulting from pollution control, using a Value of a Life Year (VOLY) approach. However, life expectancy gains are a complex concept and no attempt has been made, to date, to investigate peoples' understanding of what it is they are being asked to value. Past practice has been to focus on the outcome of a policy i.