Radioimmunotherapy combating biofilm-associated infection .

Background: Addressing prosthetic joint infections poses a significant challenge within orthopedic surgery, marked by elevated morbidity and mortality rates. The presence of biofilms and infections attributed to () further complicates the scenario.

Objective: To investigate the potential of radioimmunotherapy as an innovative intervention to tackle biofilm-associated infections.

Photoimmuno-antimicrobial therapy for Staphylococcus aureus implant infection.

Introduction: Implant infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are responsible for high mortality and morbidity worldwide. Treatment of these infections can be difficult especially when bacterial biofilms are involved. In this study we investigate the potential of infrared photoimmunotherapy to eradicate staphylococcal infection in a mouse model.

Evaluation of silver bio-functionality in a multicellular model: towards reduced animal usage in implant-associated infection research.

Background: Despite the extensive use of silver ions or nanoparticles in research related to preventing implant-associated infections (IAI), their use in clinical practice has been debated. This is because the strong antibacterial properties of silver are counterbalanced by adverse effects on host cells. One of the reasons for this may be the lack of comprehensive models that are capable of analyzing host-bacteria and host-host interactions.

Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Cancer and Infections.

Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) has been burgeoning worldwide, with several radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of metastatic cancers being approved for clinical use [...

Acetabular rim extension using a personalized titanium implant for treatment of hip dysplasia in dogs: short-term results.

Hip dysplasia (HD) is a common orthopedic problem in young dogs. To decrease the laxity of the hip joint related to HD, the surgical treatments are recommended to increase femoral head coverage. ACEtabular rim eXtension (ACE-X) using a personalized 3-dimensional printed titanium shelf implant is a new surgical treatment to increase femoral head coverage and decrease laxity of the dysplastic hip joint, however, the efficacy is less know.

Evaluating the Targeting of a -Infected Implant with a Radiolabeled Antibody In Vivo.

Implant infections caused by are difficult to treat due to biofilm formation, which complicates surgical and antibiotic treatment. We introduce an alternative approach using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting and provide evidence of the specificity and biodistribution of --targeting antibodies in a mouse implant infection model. The monoclonal antibody 4497-IgG1 targeting wall teichoic acid in was labeled with indium-111 using CHX-A"-DTPA as a chelator.

Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of host defense peptides against .

Cationic host defense peptides (HDPs) are a promising alternative to antibiotics in the fight against infections. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties of three HDPs namely IDR-1018, CATH-2, and LL-37. Although all three HDPs significantly inhibited LPS-induced activation of human macrophages, only CATH-2 prevented growth.

A mean 4-year evaluation of infection control rates of hip and knee prosthetic joint infection-related revision arthroplasty: an observational study.

Background And Purpose: The long-term results of the 1- or 2-stage revision procedure and infection-free prosthesis survival in a tertiary referral center are unknown. In this retrospective observational study, the long-term results of infection control and infection-free prosthesis survival of the periprosthetic joint infection-related 1- and 2-stage revision procedure are evaluated. Furthermore, the merits of performing an antibiotic-free window in the 2-stage revision is evaluated.

Patient-specific 3D-printed shelf implant for the treatment of hip dysplasia tested in an experimental animal pilot in canines.

The concept of a novel patient-specific 3D-printed shelf implant should be evaluated in a relevant large animal model with hip dysplasia. Therefore, three dogs with radiographic bilateral hip dysplasia and a positive subluxation test underwent unilateral acetabular augmentation with a 3D-printed dog-specific titanium implant. The contralateral side served as control.

Good long-term outcomes of the hip Chiari osteotomy in adolescents and adults with hip dysplasia: a systematic review.

Background And Purpose: The Chiari osteotomy was a regular treatment for developmental hip dysplasia before it became mostly reserved as a salvage therapy. However, the long-term survival of the Chiari osteotomy has not been systematically investigated. We investigated the survival time of the Chiari osteotomy until conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with primary hip dysplasia, and factors which correlated with survival, complications, and the improvement measured in radiographic parameters.

Human monoclonal antibodies against surface antigens recognize in vitro and in vivo biofilm.

Implant-associated infections are difficult to treat because of biofilm formation. Bacteria in a biofilm are often insensitive to antibiotics and host immunity. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) could provide an alternative approach to improve the diagnosis and potential treatment of biofilm-related infections.

Comparing Hip Dysplasia in Dogs and Humans: A Review.

Hip dysplasia (HD) is common in both humans and dogs. This interconnection is because humans and dogs descended from a common ancestor and therefore have a similar anatomy at micro- and macroscopic levels. Furthermore, dogs are the animals of choice for testing new treatments for human hip dysplasia and orthopedic surgery in general.

Long-term outcome of two-stage revision surgery after hip and knee prosthetic joint infections: an observational study.

: Two-stage revision surgery is the most frequently performed procedure in patients with a chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The infection eradication rates in the current literature differ between 54 % and 100 %, which could be attributed to different treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the infection eradication rate in patients with chronic PJI treated with two-stage revision surgery of the hip or knee in primary and re-revision cases.

Reinfection rates after one- and two-stage revision surgery for hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Revisions for periprosthetic joint infection of knee and hip arthroplasty can be performed following one- or two-stage treatment protocols. Current literature is inconclusive whether one protocol is superior to the other, as prior literature reported similar reinfection rates for both treatment options. We aimed to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of current literature on septic arthroplasty revisions.

3D-Printed Regenerative Magnesium Phosphate Implant Ensures Stability and Restoration of Hip Dysplasia.

Osteoarthritis of the hip is a painful and debilitating condition commonly occurring in humans and dogs. One of the main causes that leads to hip osteoarthritis is hip dysplasia. Although the current surgical methods to correct dysplasia work satisfactorily in many circumstances, these are associated with serious complications, tissue resorption, and degeneration.

MRI-based synthetic CT shows equivalence to conventional CT for the morphological assessment of the hip joint.

This study evaluated the accuracy of synthetic computed tomography (sCT), as compared to CT, for the 3D assessment of the hip morphology. Thirty male patients with asymptomatic hips, referred for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and CT, were included in this retrospective study. sCT images were generated from three-dimensional radiofrequency-spoiled T1-weighted multi-echo gradient-echo MR images using a commercially available deep learning-enabled software and were compared with CT images through mean error and surface distance computation and by means of eight clinical morphometric parameters relevant for hip care.

Patient-specific 3D-printed shelf implant for the treatment of hip dysplasia: Anatomical and biomechanical outcomes in a canine model.

A solution for challenging hip dysplasia surgery could be a patient-specific 3D-printed shelf implant that is positioned extra-articular and restores the dysplastic acetabular rim to normal anatomical dimensions. The anatomical correction and biomechanical stability of this concept were tested in a canine model that, like humans, also suffers from hip dysplasia. Using 3D reconstructed computed tomography images the 3D shelf implant was designed to restore the radiological dysplastic hip parameters to healthy parameters.

One-year infection control rates of a DAIR (debridement, antibiotics and implant retention) procedure after primary and prosthetic-joint-infection-related revision arthroplasty - a retrospective cohort study.

: Debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) procedures are effective treatments for acute postoperative or acute hematogenous periprosthetic joint infections. However, literature reporting on the effectiveness of DAIR procedures performed after a one- or two-stage revision because of a prosthetic joint infection (PJI) (PJI-related revision arthroplasty) is scarce. The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the infection control after 1 year of a DAIR procedure in the case of an early postoperative infection either after primary arthroplasty or after PJI-related revision arthroplasty.

3D-printed saw guides for lower arm osteotomy, a comparison between a synthetic CT and CT-based workflow.

Background: Three-dimensional (3D)-printed saw guides are frequently used to optimize osteotomy results and are usually designed based on computed tomography (CT), despite the radiation burden, as radiation-less alternatives like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have inferior bone visualization capabilities. This study investigated the usability of MR-based synthetic-CT (sCT), a novel radiation-less bone visualization technique for 3D planning and design of patient-specific saw guides.

Methods: Eight human cadaveric lower arms (mean age: 78y) received MRI and CT scans as well as high-resolution micro-CT.

Study protocol: Effectiveness of dual-mobility cups compared with uni-polar cups for preventing dislocation after primary total hip arthroplasty in elderly patients - design of a randomized controlled trial nested in the Dutch Arthroplasty Registry.

Background and purpose - Dislocation is the leading reason for early revision surgery after total hip arthroplasty (THA). The dual-mobility (DM) cup was developed to provide more stability and mechanically reduce the risk of dislocation. Despite the increased use of DM cups, high-quality evidence of their (cost-)effectiveness is lacking.

Sonication Leads to Clinically Relevant Changes in Treatment of Periprosthetic Hip or Knee Joint Infection.

Diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) can be troublesome. Sonication can be a helpful tool in culturing bacteria that are difficult to detect with standard tissue cultures. Aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical importance of our standardized sonication protocol in detecting periprosthetic joint infection.

Can dual mobility cups prevent dislocation without increasing revision rates in primary total hip arthroplasty? A systematic review.

Background: Dislocation is one of the leading causes for early revision surgery after total hip arthroplasty (THA). To address this problem, the dual mobility (DM) cup was developed in the 1970s by the French. Despite the increased and, in some countries, broad use of DM cups, high quality evidence of their effectiveness compared to traditional unipolar (UP) cups is lacking.