Adherence to Periodic Dilated Eye Examinations and Its Determinants Among Nepalese Patients With Diagnosed Diabetes: A Single-Center Hospital-Based Analysis Using Health Belief Model.

To find the adherence rate to periodic dilated eye examinations (DEEs) and its determinants among patients with diagnosed diabetes. In this cross-sectional study of 165 participants with diagnosed diabetes (Type 1/2) attending a general hospital with a diabetes clinic, we explored perceptions of barriers and facilitators of DEE at the individual level using a framework adapted from the health belief model (HBM). Patients were compared using t tests for continuous data and chi-square tests for categorical data.

Kaleidos-based binocular vision analyzer for the estimation of refractive errors and horizontal ocular deviation in children.

Clinical Relevance: Knowing the agreement and interobserver variability of the 2WIN-S photorefractometer with cycloplegic retinoscopy and prism cover test is important for judging the clinical usefulness of the device.

Background: This study aims to determine an agreement and interobserver reliability between 2WIN-S photorefractometer and cycloplegic retinoscopy for estimating refractive errors and between 2WIN-S and prism cover test for measuring horizontal ocular deviation in children.

Methods: Two groups of 129 and 64 participants (range, 5 to 16 years) were recruited for the agreement and interobserver reliability studies, respectively.

Screen time and its correlates among children aged 3-10 years during COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of high screen time among schoolchildren aged 3-10 years in Bhaktapur, its correlates and the parents' strategies to reduce screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal.

Methods And Analysis: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted during March 2021. A total of 630 households were selected for the study from 21 randomly selected clusters in Bhaktapur, Nepal.

Clinico-epidemiological Study of Patients with Glaucoma in a Tertiary Eye Center, Nepal.

Introduction: Major cause of irreversible blindness is glaucoma which is increasing as a significant global health problem. Knowledge of glaucoma burden and its clinical characteristics in this region is essential.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital -based study conducted at Glaucoma unit in CHEERS Hospital, Bhaktapur from August 2015 to July 2019.

Use of Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection among Patients Undergoing Surgical Retinal Interventions at Tertiary Eye Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Intravitreal Bevacizumab injection has now become a routine procedure for retina specialists throughout the world. Easy availability of this monoclonal antibody molecule even in Nepal has brought a revolution in the management of various retinal diseases. This study aims to find out the prevalence of the use of intravitreal Bevacizumab for retinal diseases at the tertiary eye hospital.

Clinical variations and therapeutic challenges in the management of symptomatic retinal artery macroaneurysm: a tertiary center experience.

Purpose: To find out clinical characteristics, therapeutic options, and visual outcome in symptomatic retinal artery macroaneurysm (RAMA) patients.

Method: Newly diagnosed cases of symptomatic RAMA from January 2015 to December 2019 were included. Fifteen eyes of 15 patients with mean age 62.

Treatment Strategies in Acute Post-operative Endophthalmitis after Cataract Surgery at a Tertiary Eye Hospital in Nepal: A 5-year Retrospective Review.

Introduction: Despite best possible preventive measures, acute postoperative endophthalmitis (POE) is still the most devastating, sight-threatening complication after intraocular surgery and the most feared complication by treating surgeons.

Materials And Methods: It is a retrospective study of 22 eyes diagnosed as acute POE following cataract surgery in the last 5 years (2015-2019), aimed to evaluate the treatment strategies used in its management. Main outcome measures evaluated were rates of repeat intravitreal injection, adjunctive therapeutic regimens, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and visual outcome.

Tick infestation masquerading as a nodule in the eye lid.

Introduction: Ticks are ectoparasites which can lead to various blood borne diseases. Tick bite may resemble pigmented nevi, mole or nodule resulting a diagnostic dilemma. Tick bite in eye lid is rare and this case report describes tick bite in lower eye lid mimicking a traumatized pigmented nodule where the tick was identified only on magnification and was successfully removed mechanically.

Baseline Predictive Factors of Visual Outcome and Persistence of Subretinal Fluid Based on Morphologic Changes in Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Idiopathic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Background: To determine the influence of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) changes on visual outcome and persistence of subretinal fluid (SRF) in patients with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Materials And Methods: In a retrospective study done in 48 eyes of 45 patients diagnosed as CSCR, all eyes were subjected to fundus photography, spectral domain OCT, and fluorescein angiography (FA) in selected cases.

Results: Retinal pigment epithelium detachment was present in 22.

A Study on Pattern of Retinal Detachment in Patients with Choroidal Coloboma and Its Outcome after Surgery at a Tertiary Eye Hospital in Nepal.

Background: To review the pattern of retinal detachment (RD) in patients with choroidal coloboma and type of reattachment surgery performed and to study its outcome in terms of retinal reattachment, visual acuity, and postsurgical complications.

Methods: Observational case series of a single tertiary eye institution of 13 eyes having choroidal coloboma with RD done from January 2015 to June 2017.

Results: Mean age of presentation was 29.

Diabetic retinopathy with or without clinically significant macular edema: The influencing factors.

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest micro vascular complication in patients with diabetes and remains a leading cause of blindness in people of working age group.

Objective: to determine the prevalence of clinically significant macular edema (CSME) and the influence of systemic risk factors Materials and methods: It is a hospital based comparative study conducted in 220 eyes of 110 diabetic patients. DR was graded according to International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale and CSME was defined according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) system.