Adverse effects of pulp and paper mill effluent on fish populations have been well documented in many countries over the last two decades. Some of the initial studies were at mills with conventional chlorine bleaching and no secondary effluent treatment. Following installation of secondary treatment, changes in bleaching technology to elemental chlorine-free bleaching, and other process changes, adverse effects on fish were reduced or eliminated at some mills.
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December 2003
Mercury concentrations in 58 rivers in Maine was measured to range from below detection up to 7.01 ng L(-1) and averaged 1.80 +/- 1.
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