Outer Membrane Vesicles: Biogenesis, Composition, and Biological Functions.

has been recognized not only as a causative agent of a spectrum of gastroduodenal diseases including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer, but also as the culprit in several extra-gastric diseases. However, the association of infection with extra-gastric diseases remains elusive, prompting a reevaluation of the role of -derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Like other gram-negative bacteria, constitutively sheds biologically active OMVs for long-distance delivery of bacterial virulence factors in a concentrated and protected form, averting the need of direct bacterial contact with distant host cells to induce extra-gastric diseases associated with this gastric pathogen.

Rapid diagnosis and precision treatment of infection in clinical settings.

is a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach of approximately half of the worldwide population, with higher prevalence in densely populated areas like Asia, the Caribbean, Latin America, and Africa. infections range from asymptomatic cases to potentially fatal diseases, including peptic ulcers, chronic gastritis, and stomach adenocarcinoma. The management of these conditions has become more difficult due to the rising prevalence of drug-resistant infections, which ultimately lead to gastric cancer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.

Enhanced LRP8 expression induced by Helicobacter pylori drives gastric cancer progression by facilitating β-Catenin nuclear translocation.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been associated with gastric carcinogenesis. However, the precise involvement of LRP8, the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8, in H.

Minocycline/Amoxicillin-Based Bismuth Quadruple Therapy for Eradication: A Pilot Study.

The common adverse effects and the complicated administration of tetracycline and metronidazole greatly affect the clinical application of the classical bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) for eradication. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of minocycline/amoxicillin-based BQT for eradication. Firstly, consecutive isolates collected at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between 2018 and 2021 were included for susceptibility testing of tetracycline and minocycline using E-test strips.

Detection of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Human Gastric Fluid Through Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Coupled With Machine Learning Algorithms.

Diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori infection include, but are not limited to, urea breath test, serum antibody test, fecal antigen test, and rapid urease test. However, these methods suffer drawbacks such as low accuracy, high false-positive rate, complex operations, invasiveness, etc. Therefore, there is a need to develop simple, rapid, and noninvasive detection methods for H.

Lipopolysaccharide O-antigen profiles of Helicobacter pylori strains from Southwest China.

Background: Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structures vary among strains of different geographic origin. The aim of this study was to characterize the LPS O-antigen profiles of H. pylori strains isolated from Southwest China, and to further analyze the association of Lewis antigen expression with clinical outcomes and antibiotic resistance.

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)-Based Rapid Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Antibiotic Resistance.

Helicobacter pylori is a major human pathogen that infects approximately half of the global population and is becoming a serious health threat due to its increasing antibiotic resistance. It is the causative agent of chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer and has been classified as a Group I Carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Therefore, the rapid and accurate diagnosis of H.

Roles of Lipopolysaccharide Glycosyltransferases in Maintenance of Morphology, Cell Wall Permeability, and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities.

has a unique lipopolysaccharide structure that is essential in maintaining its cell envelope integrity and imbues the bacterium with natural resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs). Our group has recently elucidated the complete set of LPS glycosyltransferase genes in reference strain G27. Here, with a series of eight systematically constructed LPS glycosyltransferase gene mutants (G27Δ, G27Δ, G27Δ, G27Δ, G27Δ, G27Δ, G27Δ and G27Δ), we investigated the roles of LPS glycosyltransferases in maintaining cell morphology, cell wall permeability, and antimicrobial susceptibilities.

A single-nucleotide polymorphism in Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric cancer development.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various human genes are key factors in carcinogenesis. However, whether SNPs in bacterial pathogens are similarly crucial in cancer development is unknown. Here, we analyzed 1,043 genomes of the stomach pathogen Helicobacter pylori and pinpointed a SNP in the serine protease HtrA (position serine/leucine 171) that significantly correlates with gastric cancer.

Quantitative PCR of string-test collected gastric material: A feasible approach to detect Helicobacter pylori and its resistance against clarithromycin and levofloxacin for susceptibility-guided therapy.

Background: As the reduced eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), we introduced string-test and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for susceptibility-guided therapy innovatively. The practicality of the string test was evaluated.

The Inappropriateness of Using Rifampicin E-Test to Predict Rifabutin Resistance in Helicobacter pylori.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the rifamycin cross-resistance in Helicobacter pylori, and whether the use of rifampicin E-test strips to screen H. pylori rifabutin resistance is appropriate.

Methods: A total of 89 H.

Association of serum pepsinogens and gastrin-17 with infection assessed by urea breath test.

Background: Association of gastric atrophy or cancer with levels of serum pepsinogens, gastrin-17 and anti- IgG antibody have been extensively studied. However, the association of serum pepsinogen and gastrin-17 with infection has not been studied in a large population.

Aim: To investigate the impact of infection on serum levels of pepsinogens and gastrin-17.

Antibiotic resistance patterns of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from the Tibet Autonomous Region, China.

Background: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori antibiotic susceptibility in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China is not determined. This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance patterns of H. pylori isolates there.

Need for standardization and harmonization of Helicobacter pylori antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Background And Aims: As with other infectious diseases, Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens should be guided by susceptibility testing to achieve excellent success rate, especially in the era of high antibiotic resistance. However, susceptibility testing for H. pylori is rarely performed, which can be partly ascribed to the current lack of standardization of testing methods and the lack of unified consensus on the antibiotic resistance breakpoints.

Development of a bowel sound detector adapted to demonstrate the effect of food intake.

Objective: Bowel sounds (BS) carry useful information about gastrointestinal condition and feeding status. Interest in computerized bowel sound-based analysis has grown recently and techniques have evolved rapidly. An important first step for these analyses is to extract BS segments, whilst neglecting silent periods.

A re-testing range is recommended for C- and C-urea breath tests for Helicobacter pylori infection in China.

Background: The urea breath test (UBT) is widely used for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection. In the Shenzhen Kuichong People's Hospital, some UBT findings were contradictory to the histology outcomes, therefore this study aimed to assess and compare the diagnostic performance of both C- and C-UBT assays.

Methods: We recruited 484 H.

Primary antibiotic resistance of among a Chinese Tibetan population.

To evaluate the primary antibiotic resistance in strains isolated from a Chinese Tibetan population. Gastric biopsies from 400 treatment-naive Tibetan patients were collected for isolation. Susceptibility to amoxicillin (AML)/clarithromycin (CLR)/levofloxacin (LEV)/metronidazole (MTZ)/tetracycline (TET)/rifampicin (RIF)/furazolidone (FZD) was determined by E-test or a disk diffusion assay.

Actual and estimated adenoma detection rates: a 2-year monocentric colonoscopic screening outcome in Shenzhen, China.

Background And Aim: While adenoma detection rate (ADR) is an important quality metric for screening colonoscopy, it remains difficult to be accessed due to the lack of integrated endoscopy and pathology databases. Hence, the use of an adenoma-to-polyp detection rate quotient and polyp detection rate (PDR) has been proposed to predict ADR. This study aimed to examine the usefulness of estimated ADR across different colonic segments in two age groups for Shenzhen people in China.

Mutations of Helicobacter pylori RdxA are mainly related to the phylogenetic origin of the strain and not to metronidazole resistance.

Objectives: Drug resistance of Helicobacter pylori is a major clinical problem worldwide. The objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant H. pylori in the city of Shenzhen in China, as well as to identify the genetic mutations specifically associated with drug resistance rather than unrelated phylogenetic signals.

Susceptibility-guided bismuth quadruple therapies for resistant infections.

Increasing resistance to antibiotics has ledthat molecular testing is appropriate as a sub to adoption of seven different bismuth quadruple therapies (BQT) in China without differentiation of first-line or second-line regimens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of susceptibility-guided BQT for patients who had experienced previous treatment failures. A total of 133 patients was included and was successfully cultured from 101 patients (75.