Telephone Survey-Reported Perceptions of Telehealth Visits Among Black and Non-Black Patients Diagnosed With Cancer.

Purpose: Empirical evidence underscores both benefits of telehealth visits and persistent disparities in use for Black adults. Guided by the Technology Acceptance Model, we evaluated perceptions regarding telehealth visits among Black and Non-Black adults receiving cancer care from two academic health systems.

Methods: Between April 2022 and October 2023, a survey was conducted among adult patients treated for cancer in the past 3 years.

Dynamics of Amphibian Pathogen Detection Using Extended Museum Specimens.

Natural history collections have long served as the foundation for understanding our planet's biodiversity, yet they remain a largely untapped resource for wildlife disease studies. Extended specimens include multiple data types and specimen preparations that capture the phenotype and genotype of an organism and its symbionts-but preserved tissues may not always be optimized for downstream detection of various pathogens. Frogs are infected by an array of pathogens including Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), Ranavirus (Rv), and Amphibian Perkinsea (Pr), which provides the opportunity to study differences in detection dynamics across tissue types.

Exploring the relationship between dietary patterns and obesity among Nigerian adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background/objective: No previous study has investigated the association between dietary pattern and both general and abdominal obesity risk among adults in Nigeria. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of obesity among adult age 18 and above in Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria.

Methods And Study Designs: A total of 1003 adults were included in this cross-sectional study (males = 558; females = 445).

Critical care pharmacy service provision and workforce in adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation centres: a multicentre cross-sectional survey.

Background: There is good evidence describing pharmacy workforce and service provision in general critical care units. However, no data exist from adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) centres.

Aim: To describe workforce characteristics, pharmacy service provision, and pharmaceutical care activities in critical care units (CCUs) providing an adult ECMO service in the United Kingdom (UK) and compare to national staffing standards for CCUs.

Association of Historical Housing Discrimination and Colon Cancer Treatment and Outcomes in the United States.

Purpose: In the 1930s, the federally sponsored Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) used racial composition in its assessment of areas worthy of receiving loans. Neighborhoods with large proportions of Black residents were mapped in red (ie, redlining) and flagged as hazardous for mortgage financing. Redlining created a platform for systemic disinvestment in these neighborhoods, leading to barriers in access to resources that persist today.

Association of area-level mortgage denial and guideline-concordant non-small-cell lung cancer care and outcomes in the United States.

Background: Racial and socioeconomic disparities in receipt of care for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are well described. However, no previous studies have evaluated the association between mortgage denial rates and receipt of timely and guideline-concordant care for NSCLC and patient outcomes.

Methods: We identified individuals ≥18 years diagnosed with NSCLC between 2014 and 2019 from the National Cancer Database.

The Perceived Usability of Virtual Visits Among Black Adults' Receiving Oncology Care: A Qualitative Analysis.

Background: With the COVID-19 pandemic came rapid uptake in virtual oncology care. During this, sociodemographic inequities in access to virtual visits (VVs) have become apparent. To better understand these issues, we conducted a qualitative study to describe the perceived usability and acceptability of VVs among Black adults diagnosed with cancer.

Predictors of genomic diversity within North American squamates.

Comparisons of intraspecific genetic diversity across species can reveal the roles of geography, ecology, and life history in shaping biodiversity. The wide availability of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences in open-access databases makes this marker practical for conducting analyses across several species in a common framework, but patterns may not be representative of overall species diversity. Here, we gather new and existing mtDNA sequences and genome-wide nuclear data (genotyping-by-sequencing; GBS) for 30 North American squamate species sampled in the Southeastern and Southwestern United States.

Barriers to accessing mental health services in The Gambia: patients'/family members' perspectives.

This paper concerns mental health services in The Gambia. It describes local concepts, experiences and knowledge about mental illness and the implications of such beliefs and attitudes for access to mental health services. A pretested questionnaire and interview guide were administered to a sample of patients/family members.

Total Intravenous Anesthesia With Dexmedetomidine for Hemodynamic Stability and Enhanced Recovery in Facial Aesthetic Surgery.

Background: Patients undergoing facial rejuvenation surgery are at unique risk of perioperative complications from the anesthetic utilized during the procedure. The ideal anesthetic agent is one that is safe to use in the outpatient population, has analgesic, sedative, and anesthetic properties, yet does not cause respiratory depression or hemodynamic irregularities.

Objectives: A retrospective analysis of a large outpatient facelift cohort was performed to determine if dexmedetomidine, an α 2-adrenergic receptor agonist, meets the criteria of an ideal adjunct for propofol in a total intravenous anesthesia protocol.

Phylogenetics and the evolution of terrestriality in mudskippers (Gobiidae: Oxudercinae).

The initial vertebrate conquest of land by stegocephalians (Sarcopterygia) allowed access to new resources and exploitation of untapped niches precipitating a major phylogenetic diversification. However, a paucity of fossils has left considerable uncertainties about phylogenetic relationships and the eco-morphological stages in this key transition in Earth history. Among extant actinopterygians, three genera of mudskippers (Gobiidae: Oxudercinae), Boleophthalmus, Periophthalmus and Periophthalmodon are the most terrestrialized, with vertebral, appendicular, locomotory, respiratory, and epithelial specializations enabling overland excursions up to 14 h.

miR-378-3p Knockdown Recapitulates Many of the Features of Myelodysplastic Syndromes.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal neoplasms of the hematopoietic stem cell that result in aberrant differentiation of hematopoietic lineages caused by a wide range of underlying genetic, epigenetic, and other causes. Despite the myriad origins, a recognizable MDS phenotype has been associated with miRNA aberrant expression. A model of aberrant myeloid maturation that mimics MDS was generated using a stable knockdown of miR-378-3p.

Contrasting drivers of diversity in hosts and parasites across the tropical Andes.

Geographic turnover in community composition is created and maintained by eco-evolutionary forces that limit the ranges of species. One such force may be antagonistic interactions among hosts and parasites, but its general importance is unknown. Understanding the processes that underpin turnover requires distinguishing the contributions of key abiotic and biotic drivers over a range of spatial and temporal scales.

Detecting turnover among complex communities using null models: a case study with sky-island haemosporidian parasites.

Turnover in species composition between sites, or beta diversity, is a critical component of species diversity that is typically influenced by geography, environment, and biotic interactions. Quantifying turnover is particularly challenging, however, in multi-host, multi-parasite assemblages where undersampling is unavoidable, resulting in inflated estimates of turnover and uncertainty about its spatial scale. We developed and implemented a framework using null models to test for community turnover in avian haemosporidian communities of three sky islands in the southwestern United States.

Inter- and intra-archipelago dynamics of population structure and gene flow in a Polynesian bird.

Islands are separated by natural barriers that prevent gene flow between terrestrial populations and promote allopatric diversification. Birds in the South Pacific are an excellent model to explore the interplay between isolation and gene flow due to the region's numerous archipelagos and well-characterized avian communities. The wattled honeyeater complex (Foulehaio spp.

Predicting amphibian intraspecific diversity with machine learning: Challenges and prospects for integrating traits, geography, and genetic data.

The growing availability of genetic data sets, in combination with machine learning frameworks, offers great potential to answer long-standing questions in ecology and evolution. One such question has intrigued population geneticists, biogeographers, and conservation biologists: What factors determine intraspecific genetic diversity? This question is challenging to answer because many factors may influence genetic variation, including life history traits, historical influences, and geography, and the relative importance of these factors varies across taxonomic and geographic scales. Furthermore, interpreting the influence of numerous, potentially correlated variables is difficult with traditional statistical approaches.

Deprescribing practices for anticonvulsants after benign seizures secondary to high-dose tranexamic acid in a single, large UK cardiothoracic centre.

Objective: High-dose tranexamic acid (TXA) can cause seizures in patients who have undergone pulmonary endarterectomy (PTE). Seizures secondary to TXA will resolve once the drug is excreted from the body, and the patients do not have to be on long-term anticonvulsants. The aim of the study is to find out if medication review in the hospital has led to deprescribing of anticonvulsants for TXA-associated seizures on discharge from the critical care unit (CCU) and hospital.

Feasibility Study of the World Health Organization Health Care Facility-Based Antimicrobial Stewardship Toolkit for Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) has emerged as a systematic approach to optimize antimicrobial use and reduce antimicrobial resistance. To support the implementation of AMS programs, the World Health Organization developed a draft toolkit for health care facility AMS programs in low- and middle-income countries. A feasibility study was conducted in Bhutan, the Federated States of Micronesia, Malawi, and Nepal to obtain local input on toolkit content and implementation of AMS programs.

The Impact of the Presidential Alternative Treatment Program on People Living with HIV and the Gambian HIV Response.

In January 2007, former president of The Gambia Yahya Jammeh created the Presidential Alternative Treatment Program (PATP), which introduced a fraudulent "HIV cure." PATP and the fraudulent HIV herbal cure (PATP cure) were widely advertised in state media through patient testimonials and specially produced broadcasts of Jammeh administering treatment, enticing people living with HIV to join the program. Jammeh faced little to no opposition from within The Gambia.

Deeply conserved susceptibility in a multi-host, multi-parasite system.

Variation in susceptibility is ubiquitous in multi-host, multi-parasite assemblages, and can have profound implications for ecology and evolution in these systems. The extent to which susceptibility to parasites is phylogenetically conserved among hosts can be revealed by analysing diverse regional communities. We screened for haemosporidian parasites in 3983 birds representing 40 families and 523 species, spanning ~ 4500 m elevation in the tropical Andes.

Ecology, not distance, explains community composition in parasites of sky-island Audubon's Warblers.

Haemosporidian parasites of birds are ubiquitous in terrestrial ecosystems, but their coevolutionary dynamics remain poorly understood. If species turnover in parasites occurs at a finer scale than turnover in hosts, widespread hosts would encounter diverse parasites, potentially diversifying as a result. Previous studies have shown that some wide-ranging hosts encounter varied haemosporidian communities throughout their range, and vice-versa.

Isolation and characterization of species-specific microsatellite markers for blue and black wildebeest ( and ).

The bluewildebeest () is distributed throughout southern and east Africa while the black wildebeest () is endemic to South Africa and was driven to near extinction in the early 1900s due to hunting pressure and disease outbreaks. Extensive translocation of both species throughout South Africa is threatening the genetic integrity of blue and blackwilde beest. To effectively manage these species, genetic tools that can be used to detect hybrid individuals, identify genetically unique subpopulations and determine the levels of genetic diversity are required.

Targeted Sampling and Target Capture: Assessing Phylogeographic Concordance with Genome-wide Data.

Comparative phylogeography provides the necessary framework to examine the factors influencing population divergence, persistence, and change over time. Avise (2000) outlined four aspects of concordance that result when data exhibit significant phylogeographic signal: concordance among sites within a locus, among multiple loci within a species, among multiple species within a region, and between genetic patterns and established biogeographic provinces. To fully address each aspect of concordance, we combined target capture of a set of orthologous loci with targeted geographic sampling of multiple species, thus removing any variability introduced by using different genetic markers and heterogeneous sampling distributions.