Planning the restructuring of long-term care: the demand, need and provision of institutional long-term care beds in Newfoundland and Labrador.

The Canadian population is aging. In Newfoundland and Labrador, nursing homes and supervised care facilities provide Long-Term Care (LTC). There may be a mismatch between the provision of LTC beds and clients' needs.

Restaurant employees' perceptions of barriers to three food safety practices.

Limited research has been conducted to assess employees' perceptions of barriers to implementing food safety practices. Focus groups were conducted with two groups of restaurant employees to identify perceived barriers to implementing three food safety practices: handwashing, using thermometers, and cleaning work surfaces. Ten focus groups were conducted with 34 employees who did not receive training (Group A).

Clinical practice guidelines for anemia in chronic kidney disease: problems and solutions. A position statement from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO).

The development of clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease has been instrumental in identifying and reducing variations in the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and iron replacement. Challenges to the effectiveness and safety of recommendations made in these guidelines were magnified when recent clinical trials showed no benefit or harm with respect to cardiovascular outcomes in subjects randomized to higher target hemoglobin levels. To address these concerns, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) convened an international conference to examine the problems and shortcomings of existing anemia guidelines, which are a prime example of duplication of efforts to derive recommendations from a limited evidence base.

Induced deficits in speed perception by transcranial magnetic stimulation of human cortical areas V5/MT+ and V3A.

In this report, we evaluate the role of visual areas responsive to motion in the human brain in the perception of stimulus speed. We first identified and localized V1, V3A, and V5/MT+ in individual participants on the basis of blood oxygenation level-dependent responses obtained in retinotopic mapping experiments and responses to moving gratings. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was then used to disrupt the normal functioning of the previously localized visual areas in each participant.

Contrast-induced nephropathy: the wheel has turned 360 degrees.

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has been a hot topic during the last 5 years due its association with increased morbidity and mortality. CIN is an important complication, particularly in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated with diabetes mellitus. Methods to diminish the incidence of CIN have been highly contentious.

The response of type three secretion system needle proteins MxiHDelta5, BsaLDelta5, and PrgIDelta5 to temperature and pH.

The type III secretion system (TTSS) is a specialized supramolecular injectisome composed of 25 or more proteins which form basal and extracellular domains and share gross architectural similarities with bacterial flagella. The extracellular component of the "needle complex" is primarily composed of a single monomeric subunit organized in a helical array surrounding a hollow pore and protrudes from the bacterial membrane. It is through this surface appendage that virulence factors are translocated to the host cell cytoplasm and thereby subvert normal host cell functions.

A randomised controlled trial of cognitive behaviour therapy in adolescents with major depression treated by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The ADAPT trial.

Objectives: To determine if, in the short term, depressed adolescents attending routine NHS Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), and receiving ongoing active clinical care, treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) plus cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) compared with SSRI alone, results in better healthcare outcomes.

Design: A pragmatic randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted on depressed adolescents attending CAMHS who had not responded to a psychosocial brief initial intervention (BII) prior to randomisation.

Setting: Six English CAMHS participated in the study.

High-performance infrared narrow-bandpass filters for the Indian National Satellite System meteorological instrument (INSAT-3D).

This paper describes the design and manufacture of a set of precision cooled (210 K) narrow-bandpass filters for the infrared imager and sounder on the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) INSAT-3D meteorological satellite. We discuss the basis for the choice of multilayer coating designs and materials for 21 differing filter channels, together with their temperature-dependence, thin film deposition technologies, substrate metrology, and environmental durability performance.

Assessment of methoxyfenozide exposure on the sexual attractiveness and responsiveness of adult codling moth, Cydia pomonella L., in small orchard blocks.

Background: The sexual attractiveness of female and the responsiveness of male codling moth, Cydia pomonella L., exposed to surfaces treated with the ecdysteroid agonist methoxyfenozide were investigated in small orchard block experiments. The main purpose of the study was to determine whether the reported sublethal effects of methoxyfenozide affecting moth behavior also occur under field conditions.

Infrared filters and coatings for the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (6-18 microm).

We describe the spectral design and manufacture of the narrow-bandpass filters and 6-18-microm broadband antireflection coatings for the 21-channel High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder. A method of combining the measured spectral characteristics of each filter and antireflection coating, together with the spectral response of the other optical elements in the instrument, to obtain a predicted system throughput response is presented. The design methods that are used to define the filter and coating spectral requirements, choice of filter materials, multilayer designs, and deposition techniques are discussed.

The acoustic and visual factors influencing the construction of tranquil space in urban and rural environments tranquil spaces-quiet places?

Prior to this work no structured mechanism existed in the UK to evaluate the tranquillity of open spaces with respect to the characteristics of both acoustic and visual stimuli. This is largely due to the fact that within the context of "tranquil" environments, little is known about the interaction of the audio-visual modalities and how they combine to lead to the perception of tranquillity. This paper presents the findings of a study in which visual and acoustic data, captured from 11 English rural and urban landscapes, were used by 44 volunteers to make subjective assessments of both their perceived tranquillity of a location, and the loudness of five generic soundscape components.

Health-related quality of life in a cohort of adult patients with mild hemophilia A.

Objectives: To compare the health-related quality of life among adult males affected with mild hemophilia A due to the same mutation (Val2016ala) to that of unaffected age and sex matched controls from the same general population.

Methods: The Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) were used to measure health-related quality of life and physical function. Other measures included bleeding history, a measure of joint damage, body mass index, age, and viral infection status.

Clinical significance of common cold treatment: professionals' opinions.

Background: Little is known about professionals' knowledge and attitudes regarding the clinical significance of treatments for common cold (upper respiratory infection, presumed viral).

Methods: We surveyed university-associated family physicians and published common cold researchers ("experts") regarding evidence-of-benefit and magnitude-of-benefit for 8 treatments: antihistamine, oral decongestant, nasal decongestant, nasal steroid, zinc lozenge, zinc nasal spray, vitamin C, and the herbal echinacea.

Results: Responding family physicians (N = 89) and experts (N = 45) agreed that cold remedies do not reduce illness duration.

Natural and traditional medicine in cuba: lessons for u.s. Medical education.

Reprinted with permission from Academic Medicine (Academic Medicine. 81(12):1098-1103, December 2006). The Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Academy of Science has recommended that medical schools incorporate information on CAM (complementary and alternative medicine) into required medical school curricula so that graduates will be able to competently advise their patients in the use of CAM.

Cost-effectiveness of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and routine specialist care with and without cognitive behavioural therapy in adolescents with major depression.

Background: Major depression is an important and costly problem among adolescents, yet evidence to support the provision of cost-effective treatments is lacking.

Aims: To assess the short-term cost-effectiveness of combined selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) together with clinical care compared with SSRIs and clinical care alone in adolescents with major depression.

Method: Pragmatic randomised controlled trial in the UK.

Comparison of anchor-based and distributional approaches in estimating important difference in common cold.

Context: Evaluative health-related quality-of-life instruments used in clinical trials should be able to detect small but important changes in health status. Several approaches to minimal important difference (MID) and responsiveness have been developed.

Objectives: To compare anchor-based and distributional approaches to important difference and responsiveness for the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS), an illness-specific quality of life outcomes instrument.