Changes of Somatosensory Phenotype in the Course of Disease in Osteoarthritis Patients.

To investigate sensory changes, physical function (pF), quality of life (QoL) and pain intensity of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) in the natural course of disease, and patients undergoing total joint replacement therapy (TJR) 31 (20 females, mean age 64.6 ± 10.4 years), patients with OA were investigated with questionnaires and quantitative sensory testing (QST) in the area of referred pain at the thigh at baseline and follow-up 22-49 weeks later; changes were analyzed separately for patients with ( = 13) and without TJR ( = 18).

Effect of Strength Training on Glycemic Control and Adiponectin in Diabetic Children.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of isolated supervised progressive resistance training with duration of more than 32 wk on muscle strength, metabolic control and adiponectin.

Method: Twenty-one children with type 1 diabetes mellitus were separated into an intervention group (IG) (n = 11 age 11.0 ± 0.

Patents and Innovation Among Neurosurgeons from the American Association of Neurological Surgeons.

Objective Neurosurgeons have taken on the role of innovators, continuing to move the field forward over the centuries. More recently, innovation has taken the form of new technological devices and therapeutics, which require patenting. The aim of this study is to identify major areas of innovation in the field of neurosurgery by evaluating patent records.

Post-sepsis immunosuppression depends on NKT cell regulation of mTOR/IFN-γ in NK cells.

As treatment of the early, inflammatory phase of sepsis improves, post-sepsis immunosuppression and secondary infection have increased in importance. How early inflammation drives immunosuppression remains unclear. Although IFN-γ typically helps microbial clearance, we found that increased plasma IFN-γ in early clinical sepsis was associated with the later development of secondary Candida infection.

Pain thresholds and intensities of CRPS type I and neuropathic pain in respect to sex.

Background And Aims: Healthy women have generally been found to have increased experimental pain perception and chronic pain has a higher prevalence in female as compared to male patients. However, no study has investigated whether pain intensity and pain perception thresholds are distinct or similar between sexes within various chronic pain entities. We investigated whether average pain intensities and pain thresholds assessed using quantitative sensory testing (QST) differed between women and men suffering from three distinct chronic pain conditions: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS type I), peripheral nerve injury (PNI) or polyneuropathy (PNP), as compared to paired healthy volunteers.

An immune-cell signature of bacterial sepsis.

Dysregulation of the immune response to bacterial infection can lead to sepsis, a condition with high mortality. Multiple whole-blood gene-expression studies have defined sepsis-associated molecular signatures, but have not resolved changes in transcriptional states of specific cell types. Here, we used single-cell RNA-sequencing to profile the blood of people with sepsis (n = 29) across three clinical cohorts with corresponding controls (n = 36).

Do doctors treat themselves differently than their patients? Study on the self-treatment of migraine among German neurologists and pain specialists.

Aim: To investigate whether the self-treatment of migraine among neurologists and pain specialists corresponds to national medical guidelines and treatment of patients.

Methods: An email cross-sectional survey was sent to members of the German Society for Neurology, German Pain Society and German Migraine and Headache Society containing questions on demographics, professional experience and specialization and - in case participants suffered from migraine - questions about their migraine and its treatment.

Results: 175/418 (41.

Perivascular osteoprogenitors are associated with transcortical channels of long bones.

Bone remodeling and regeneration are dependent on resident stem/progenitor cells with the ability to replenish mature osteoblasts and repair the skeleton. Using lineage tracing approaches, we identified a population of Dmp1+ cells that reside within cortical bone and are distinct from osteocytes. Our aims were to characterize this stromal population of transcortical perivascular cells (TPCs) in their resident niche and evaluate their osteogenic potential.

[Treatment of polyneuropathy: autonomic symptoms and pain].

Background: The treatment of polyneuropathy includes symptomatic therapy of sensory, motor and autonomic dysfunctions.

Aim: This article provides an overview of the current treatment recommendations for polyneuropathy, focusing on pain.

Methods: Current treatment guidelines will be discussed based on a literature research.

Motor, cognitive and mobility deficits in 1000 geriatric patients: protocol of a quantitative observational study before and after routine clinical geriatric treatment - the ComOn-study.

Background: Motor and cognitive deficits and consequently mobility problems are common in geriatric patients. The currently available methods for diagnosis and for the evaluation of treatment in this vulnerable cohort are limited. The aims of the ComOn (COgnitive and Motor interactions in the Older populatioN) study are (i) to define quantitative markers with clinical relevance for motor and cognitive deficits, (ii) to investigate the interaction between both motor and cognitive deficits and (iii) to assess health status as well as treatment outcome of 1000 geriatric inpatients in hospitals of Kiel (Germany), Brescia (Italy), Porto (Portugal), Curitiba (Brazil) and Bochum (Germany).

Soluble Urokinase Receptor and Acute Kidney Injury.

Background: Acute kidney injury is common, with a major effect on morbidity and health care utilization. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a signaling glycoprotein thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of kidney disease. We investigated whether a high level of suPAR predisposed patients to acute kidney injury in multiple clinical contexts, and we used experimental models to identify mechanisms by which suPAR acts and to assess it as a therapeutic target.

Both NPY-Expressing and CART-Expressing Neurons Increase Energy Expenditure and Trabecular Bone Mass in Response to AP1 Antagonism, But Have Opposite Effects on Bone Resorption.

Energy metabolism and bone homeostasis share several neuronal regulatory pathways. Within the ventral hypothalamus (VHT), the orexigenic neurons co-express Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) and the anorexigenic neurons co-express, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone derived from proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART). These neurons regulate both processes, yet their relative contribution is unknown.

Gender Differences in Authorship of Critical Care Literature.

Gender gaps exist in academic leadership positions in critical care. Peer-reviewed publications are crucial to career advancement, and yet little is known regarding gender differences in authorship of critical care research. To evaluate gender differences in authorship of critical care literature.

Neuropathic Pain: Mechanism-Based Therapeutics.

Neuropathic pain (NeP) can result from sources as varied as nerve compression, channelopathies, autoimmune disease, and incision. By identifying the neurobiological changes that underlie the pain state, it will be clinically possible to exploit mechanism-based therapeutics for maximum analgesic effect as diagnostic accuracy is optimized. Obtaining sufficient knowledge regarding the neuroadaptive alterations that occur in a particular NeP state will result in improved patient analgesia and a mechanism-based, as opposed to a disease-based, therapeutic approach to facilitate target identification.

International consensus guidelines for surgery and the timing of intervention in chronic pancreatitis.

Background/objectives: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a complex inflammatory disease with pain as the predominant symptom. Pain relief can be achieved using invasive interventions such as endoscopy and surgery. This paper is part of the international consensus guidelines on CP and presents the consensus guideline for surgery and timing of intervention in CP.

Marrow aspiration in aged mice: intramedullary osteogenesis, reduced mechano-adaptation, increased marrow fat.

With age, the number of adipocytes and osteoclasts increases, the number of osteoblasts decreases, and mechano-adaptation is impaired. Using marrow aspiration, which has a known osteogenic effect in young mice, we sought to recruit osteoblast progenitors to mediate the mechano-adaptive response to tibial loading. First, we assessed bone formation and marrow adiposity in the tibiae of old mice (>20 months) sacrificed 1, 2, and 4 weeks after unilateral marrow aspiration.

Plectin stabilizes microtubules during osteoclastic bone resorption by acting as a scaffold for Src and Pyk2.

Osteoclasts are multinuclear cells which maintain bone homeostasis by resorbing bone. During bone resorption, osteoclasts attach to the bone matrix via a sealing zone formed by an actin ring. Rous sarcoma oncogene (Src) is essential for actin ring formation and bone resorption.

Neuroimaging Of Cold Allodynia Reveals A Central Disinhibition Mechanism Of Pain.

Purpose: Allodynia refers to pain evoked by physiologically innocuous stimuli. It is a disabling symptom of neuropathic pain following a lesion within the peripheral or central nervous system. In fact, two different pathophysiological mechanisms of cold allodynia (ie, hypersensitivity to innocuous cold) have been proposed.

Improvements in Sepsis-associated Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with Cancer versus Those without Cancer. A 12-Year Analysis Using Clinical Data.

There have been advances in both cancer and sepsis treatment over the past several decades, yet little is known about trends in sepsis-associated mortality in patients with versus without cancer. To assess trends in sepsis-associated mortality in hospitalized patients with and without cancer using objective clinical criteria to identify sepsis and detailed clinical data to adjust for severity of illness. This was a retrospective cohort study at a tertiary referral hospital and cancer center.

Evaluation of posaconazole antifungal prophylaxis in reducing the incidence of invasive aspergillosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Purpose Of The Study: Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is the most prevalent invasive fungal disease (IFD) in neutropenic patients. Environment is the main source of Aspergillus spores aerosolization especially during building construction. International guidelines recommend mechanical protection during hospital building works; otherwise the use of antifungal prophylaxis is not clearly indicated.

Autonomous cryogenic RF receive coil for C imaging of rodents at 3 T.

Purpose: To develop an autonomous, in-bore, MR-compatible cryostat cooled with liquid nitrogen that provides full-day operation, and to demonstrate that the theoretical signal-to-noise benefit can be achieved for C imaging at 3 T (32.13 MHz).

Methods: The cryogenic setup uses a vacuum-insulated fiberglass cryostat, which indirectly cools a cold finger where the RF coil is attached.

Lung adenocarcinoma presumed to be Pott's disease in a 28-year-old patient: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Tuberculous spondylitis (Pott's disease), a common extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis (TB), typically presents with back pain, tenderness, paraparesis/paraplegia, and various constitutional symptoms. Due to radiological similarities between Pott's disease and lung cancer, some lung cancer patients may initially be erroneously diagnosed and treated for TB, allowing for extensive progression of their cancer.

Case Description: A 28-year-old male presented with a chronic dry cough, weight loss, and 2 months of increased back pain accompanied by bilateral lower extremity weakness.

The Liverpool duodenum-and spleen-preserving near-total pancreatectomy can provide long-term pain relief in patients with end-stage chronic pancreatitis.

Purpose: Total pancreatectomy may improve symptoms in patients with severe end-stage chronic pancreatitis. This might be achieved whilst preserving both the duodenum- and spleen-(DPSPTP). Mature clinical outcomes of this approach are presented.