High-throughput tracking enables systematic phenotyping and drug repurposing in disease models.

There are thousands of Mendelian diseases with more being discovered weekly and the majority have no approved treatments. To address this need, we require scalable approaches that are relatively inexpensive compared to traditional drug development. In the absence of a validated drug target, phenotypic screening in model organisms provides a route for identifying candidate treatments.

Mid-term outcomes using a 'kinematic retaining' total knee replacement - A multicentre prospective study at five years follow-up.

Background: Although total knee replacement (TKR) surgery has succeeded in improving pain and deformity, a proportion of patients remain incompletely satisfied with their outcome. This prospective study aims to assess the survivorship, clinical, and radiological outcomes using a novel 'kinematic retaining' (KR) implant.

Methods: 156 patients underwent TKR surgery for primary osteoarthritis using the Physica KR implant at three European Centres.

Orthorexia nervosa versus healthy orthorexia: Anxiety, perfectionism, and mindfulness as risk and preventative factors of distress.

Background: Orthorexia nervosa is a recently conceptualised pathological entity presenting as an obsessive focus on healthy eating with associated psychosocial impairment.

Aims: The present study investigated the differential associations between orthorexia nervosa and healthy orthorexia with distress and impairment.

Materials & Methods: With a community sample (N = 268) multiple measures of orthorexia nervosa and health orthorexia were compared as explanatory variables in mediation structural equation modelling (SEM).

The zebrafish mutant implicates sodium homeostasis in sleep regulation.

Sleep is a nearly universal feature of animal behaviour, yet many of the molecular, genetic, and neuronal substrates that orchestrate sleep/wake transitions lie undiscovered. Employing a viral insertion sleep screen in larval zebrafish, we identified a novel gene, (), whose loss results in behavioural hyperactivity and reduced sleep at night. The neuronally expressed gene is conserved across vertebrates and encodes a small single-pass transmembrane protein that is structurally similar to the Na,K-ATPase regulator, FXYD1/Phospholemman.

Predictors of long-term survival in 5,680 patients admitted to a UK major trauma centre with thoracic injuries.

Introduction: The long-term outcomes of chest trauma are largely unknown. We sought to determine the predictors of in-hospital and long-term survival in patients admitted to a major trauma centre (MTC) with chest injuries and to evaluate spatial patterns of injury in our network area.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of data collected on the National Trauma Audit Research Network (TARN) database using multivariate analysis and Cox regression analysis.

Early outcomes using a 'kinematic retaining' total knee replacement - A multicentre prospective study at two years follow-up.

Background: Although predictable implant longevity in total knee replacement (TKR) is now established, work continues to satisfy the demands of patients who seek full restoration of the painless function of the native knee following TKR. This prospective study examines the early clinical outcomes of 156 patients implanted with a novel 'kinematic-retaining' (KR) implant.

Methods: 156 Physica KR TKRs were implanted for primary osteoarthritis at three European centres.

Failure rates and clinical outcomes of synthetic meniscal implants following partial meniscectomy: a systematic review.

Background: Meniscal injury is one of the most common indications for knee surgery. The advent of meniscal repair techniques has facilitated meniscal preservation in suitable cases. Meniscal substitution with scaffolds may be advantageous following partial meniscal resection.

Megapixel camera arrays enable high-resolution animal tracking in multiwell plates.

Tracking small laboratory animals such as flies, fish, and worms is used for phenotyping in neuroscience, genetics, disease modelling, and drug discovery. An imaging system with sufficient throughput and spatiotemporal resolution would be capable of imaging a large number of animals, estimating their pose, and quantifying detailed behavioural differences at a scale where hundreds of treatments could be tested simultaneously. Here we report an array of six 12-megapixel cameras that record all the wells of a 96-well plate with sufficient resolution to estimate the pose of C.

Behavioral fingerprints predict insecticide and anthelmintic mode of action.

Novel invertebrate-killing compounds are required in agriculture and medicine to overcome resistance to existing treatments. Because insecticides and anthelmintics are discovered in phenotypic screens, a crucial step in the discovery process is determining the mode of action of hits. Visible whole-organism symptoms are combined with molecular and physiological data to determine mode of action.

A systematic review of measures of therapist competence in psychodynamic, interpersonal, and/or relational models.

Purpose: Assessment of psychotherapeutic competence is increasingly regarded as important in the delivery of psychological services and training programmes. This article reviews tools designed to assess clinical competence in psychodynamic, interpersonal, and relational models of therapy.

Methods: PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science online databases were reviewed using terms relating to competence, psychotherapy, and measurement.

Zebrafish sleep: from geneZZZ to neuronZZZ.

All animals have a fundamental and unavoidable requirement for rest, yet we still do not fully understand the processes that initiate, maintain, and regulate sleep. The larval zebrafish is an optically translucent, genetically tractable model organism that exhibits sleep states regulated by conserved sleep circuits, thereby offering a unique system for investigating the genetic and neural control of sleep. Recent studies using high throughput monitoring of larval sleep/wake behaviour have unearthed novel modulators involved in regulating arousal and have provided new mechanistic insights into the role of established sleep/wake modulators.

Fabrication of molecular nanopatterns at aluminium oxide surfaces by nanoshaving of self-assembled monolayers of alkylphosphonates.

Nanoshaving, by tracing an atomic force microscope probe across a surface at elevated load, has been used to fabricate nanostructures in self-assembled monolayers of alkylphosphonates adsorbed at aluminium oxide surfaces. The simple process is implemented under ambient conditions. Because of the strong bond between the alkylphosphonates and the oxide surface, loads in excess of 400 nN are required to pattern the monolayer.

Systematic review: the safety of intra-articular corticosteroid injection prior to total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Up to 30% of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have received intra-articular corticosteroid injections prior to surgery. Debate exists as to whether such injections increase the rate of post-operative infection. Given that deep infection is a disastrous complication, a systematic review of the literature was undertaken to evaluate the safety of intra-articular corticosteroid injections given prior to TKA.

Generic methods for micrometer- and nanometer-scale surface derivatization based on photochemical coupling of primary amines to monolayers of aryl azides on gold and aluminum oxide surfaces.

A series of aryl azide terminated thiols and phosphonic acids has been synthesized, and used to prepare self-assembled monolayers on (respectively) gold and aluminum oxide surfaces. The rates of photoactivation were determined using contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The behavior of a diazirine functionalized aryl thiol was also studied.

Unusually high ferritin in a patient with obstructive jaundice.

An 81-year-old gentleman, who had evidence of extrahepatic biliary obstruction, was found to have a serum ferritin concentration of 10,892 μg/L, which later increased to more than 40,000 μg/L when he developed sepsis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed with stent insertion allowing drainage of the bile. The rising pattern of serum ferritin concentrations, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase noted before the procedure was followed by a steep fall in these biochemical markers after the insertion of the stent.

Investigation of a problem with external quality assurance samples for faecal occult blood.

Background: It is vital that laboratories participate in External Quality Assurance (EQA) programmes, but results from such schemes do not necessarily help ensure assays are 'in control'. We describe a series of experiments undertaken to explore apparent poor performance in an occult blood EQA scheme that manifested as a series of false-negatives. As a consequence of our laboratory misclassifying some EQA samples, we decided to design a simple sensitivity study that would reaffirm confidence in our testing procedures.

Synthesis, monolayer formation, characterization, and nanometer-scale photolithographic patterning of conjugated oligomers bearing terminal thioacetates.

The synthesis of alpha-thioacetate terminated quaterthiophene and phenylene-thiophene materials, possessing thioacetate, oxetane, and alkyl groups at their omega-termini, is described. After deprotection these molecules were adsorbed onto Au films and the resulting self-assembled monolayers were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and friction force microscopy (FFM). FFM indicated that monolayers formed by the dithioacetates had the highest coefficients of friction, followed by the oxetane-terminated adsorbates, with the alkyl-functionalized materials showing the lowest friction coefficients.

Wheelchair Seating Assessment and Intervention: A Comparison Between Telerehabilitation and Face-to-Face Service.

This study compared outcomes of wheelchair seating and positioning interventions provided by telerehabilitation (n=10) and face-to-face (n=20; 10 in each of two comparison groups, one urban and one rural). Comparison clients were matched to the telerehabilitation clients in age, diagnosis, and type of seating components received. Clients and referring therapists rated their satisfaction and identified if seating intervention goals were met.