Evaluation of the impact of orthodontists' smile with malocclusions on social media and professional credibility.

Objectives: This study assessed laypeople's perceptions of orthodontist credibility based on malocclusions and whether these views affect their choice to seek treatment. Eye-tracking technology and questionnaires were utilized.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-five lay raters, through eye tracking and a questionnaire, assessed 12 images of orthodontists with malocclusions.

The visual perception of aligned and crowded maxillary lateral incisors when smiling via eye tracking.

Background: This study aimed to investigate whether the alignment of the teeth while smiling alters the visual perception by laypeople using eye tracking.

Methods: Facial images (two males and two females) were digitally edited to show a smile pattern with aligned teeth and one with crowded teeth. Sixty laypeople were selected to observe the images.

Visual perception of repaired cleft lip scarring face associated with different malocclusions via eye-tracking.

This study aimed to evaluate the visual facial perception in response to scars associated with repaired cleft lip (CL) on a male adolescent patient, as assessed via eye-tracking. Index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) malocclusions, grades 1, 5, and 8 were added to the frontal view facial image of an adolescent male model showing asymmetries of the nose and upper lip after CL surgery using the software Photoshop CS5 software. The eye movements of 91 laypeople observers were tracked by an Eye Tribe infrared sensor connected to OGAMA software.

Loss of PRC2 subunits primes lineage choice during exit of pluripotency.

Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) is crucial for the coordinated expression of genes during early embryonic development, catalyzing histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation. Two distinct PRC2 complexes, PRC2.1 and PRC2.

VMCMC: a graphical and statistical analysis tool for Markov chain Monte Carlo traces.

Background: MCMC-based methods are important for Bayesian inference of phylogeny and related parameters. Although being computationally expensive, MCMC yields estimates of posterior distributions that are useful for estimating parameter values and are easy to use in subsequent analysis. There are, however, sometimes practical difficulties with MCMC, relating to convergence assessment and determining burn-in, especially in large-scale analyses.

Report: Potential environmental impact of exempt site materials - a case study of bituminous road planings and waste soils.

The use of waste materials for ecological benefit, agricultural improvement or as part of construction works are often exempt from waste management control in order to maximize the reuse of material that would otherwise be disposed of to landfill. It is important, however, to determine whether there is potential for such waste to cause environmental harm in the context of the basis for granting exemptions under the relevant framework objective to ensure that waste is recovered or disposed of without risk to water, air, soil, plants or animals. The potential for environmental harm was investigated by leaching studies on two wastes commonly found at exempt sites: bituminous road planings and waste soils.

Case report: computed tomography demonstration of renal papillary necrosis.

Renal papillary necrosis has been diagnosed by intravenous urography and ultrasound, but no reports of the computed tomographic (CT) features have been published. We describe a case of renal papillary necrosis in a diabetic patient suspected on CT and confirmed by intravenous urography. CT demonstrated small kidneys, 'ring shadows' in the medullae, contrast filled clefts in the renal parenchyma and renal pelvic filling defects.

Should maternal alpha-fetoprotein estimation be carried out in centers where ultrasound screening is routine? A sensitivity analysis approach.

We describe a case of small, open spina bifida that was detected on the basis of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels but consistently missed on careful ultrasound examination. This prompted us to reexamine the policy (adopted by an increasing number of departments) of relying exclusively on ultrasound examination for the detection of spinal lesions. In this article we therefore analyze the number of additional cases of spina bifida that could be detected by offering maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screening in addition to a routine ultrasound examination.

Prospective study of thrombophlebitis and "pseudothrombophlebitis".

43 non-surgical patients presenting with calf pain and a clinical diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were studied by arthrography, venography, and ultrasound. Only 14 had venographic evidence of DVT; 5 of these had popliteal cysts, which in 4 cases probably contributed to symptoms. 11 patients had popliteal cysts and normal venograms, and 9 of these cysts were thought likely to be the cause of the symptoms.

The ultrasound diagnosis of rectus sheath haematoma.

Three cases of rectus sheath haematoma are presented in which the diagnosis was confirmed by the use of ultrasound. The aetiology and diagnosis of the disease are discussed and the use of ultrasonography in a disease with a previously low preoperative diagnostic rate is emphasized.