The Vimentin-Targeting Drug ALD-R491 Partially Reverts the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Vimentin Interactome of Lung Cancer Cells.

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a common feature in early cancer invasion. Increased vimentin is a canonical marker of the EMT; however, the role of vimentin in EMT remains unknown. To clarify this, we induced EMT in lung cancer cells with TGF-β1, followed by treatment with the vimentin-targeting drug ALD-R491, live-cell imaging, and quantitative proteomics.

Surgical Technique and Perioperative Outcomes of the "Sapienza" Urology Residency Program's Trocar Placement Configuration During Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP): A Retrospective, Single-Centre Observational Study Comparing Experienced Attendings vs. Post-Graduate Year I-III Residents as Bedside Assistants.

: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) for the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) has been standardized over the last 20 years. At our institution, only n = 3 rob arms are used for RARP. In addition, n = 2, 12 mm lap trocars are placed for the bedside assistant symmetrically at the midclavicular lines, which allows for direct pelvic triangulation and greater involvement of the assisting surgeon.

Molecular dynamics at immune synapse lipid rafts influence the cytolytic behavior of CAR T cells.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART) targeting CD19 through CD28.ζ signaling induce rapid lysis of leukemic blasts, contrasting with persistent tumor control exhibited by 4-1BB.ζ-CART.

Detection of vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 from sewage samples and public health response, Poland, November to December 2024.

In October and December 2024, circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) was detected from two wastewater samples in Poland during routine environmental surveillance. The first isolate was characterised and matched previous cVDPV2 isolates detected in Spain in September, as well as in Germany, Finland, and the United Kingdom in November and December 2024. In response to the event, active surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) has been strengthened, and the frequency of environmental sample collection has been increased.

Putative effects of moringa oil or its nano-emulsion on the growth, physiological responses, blood health, semen quality, and the sperm antioxidant-related genes in ram.

Phytochemicals have been effectively used to enhance the growth and productivity of farm animals, while the potential roles of essential oils and their nano-emulsions are limited. This plan was proposed to investigate the impacts of orally administered moringa oil (MO) or its nano-emulsion (NMO) on the growth, physiological response, blood health, semen attributes, and sperm antioxidant-related genes in rams. A total of 15 growing Rahmani rams were enrolled in this study and allotted into three groups.

Development of Fe/SiBr/Si₃N₄/silica fume nanocomposites from recycled metal waste for industrial applications.

Due to the high cost of raw materials, this work aims to benefit from metal waste, especially iron (Fe) and silicon bronze, which results from turning workshops and recycling them to obtain nanocomposites for industrial applications. In this respect, Fe/SiBr/SiN/silica fume nanocomposites possessing superior mechanical, wear, and magnetic characteristics have been produced using powder metallurgy (PM) technology. Milled sample particle size, crystal size, and phase composition were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Spanlastic Nano-Vesicles: A Novel Approach to Improve the Dissolution, Bioavailability, and Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Famotidine.

: Drugs exhibiting poor aqueous solubility present a challenge to efficient delivery to the site of action. Spanlastics (a nano, surfactant-based drug delivery system) have emerged as a powerful tool to improve solubility, bioavailability, and delivery to the site of action. This study aimed to better understand factors affecting the physicochemical properties of spanlastics, quantify their effects, and use them to enhance the bioavailability of famotidine (FMT), a model histamine H2 receptor antagonist (BCS class IV).

Association of corneal endothelial cell morphology with neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Introduction: Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) detects neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia and identifies subjects with MCI who develop dementia. This study assessed whether abnormalities in corneal endothelial cell (CEC) morphology are related to corneal nerve morphology, brain volumetry, cerebral ischemia, and cognitive impairment in MCI and dementia.

Methods: Participants with no cognitive impairment (NCI), MCI, and dementia underwent CCM to quantify corneal endothelial cell density (CECD) and area (CECA), corneal nerve fiber morphology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain volumetry, and severity of brain ischemia.

Environmental drivers of dissolved organic matter composition across central European aquatic systems: A novel correlation-based machine learning and FT-ICR MS approach.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) present in surface aquatic systems is a heterogeneous mixture of organic compounds reflecting its allochthonous and autochthonous organic matter (OM) sources. The composition of DOM is determined by environmental factors like land use, water chemistry, and climate, which influence its release, movement, and turnover in the ecosystem. However, studying the impact of these environmental factors on DOM composition is challenging due to the dynamic nature of the system and the complex interactions of multiple environmental factors involved.

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Padina pavonica extract for efficient photocatalytic removal of methylene blue.

Dye-laden wastewater poses a significant environmental and health threat. This study investigated the potential of green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), derived from Padina pavonica brown algae extract, for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye. The hypothesis was that utilizing algal extract for ZnO NP synthesis would enhance adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity for dye removal.

Urbanization enhances consumer protist-driven ARGs dissemination in riverine ecosystems.

Despite the emergence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARBs), how biological inter-trophic interactions, modulated by watershed urbanization, shape the resistome remains unexplored. We collected water samples from the highly urbanized (western: 65 % built land, sewage-affected) and lesser-urbanized (northern: 25 % built land, drinking water source) downstream tributaries of the Jiulong River in southeast China over dry and wet seasons. We utilized metagenomic and amplicon (16S and 18S rDNA) sequencing to investigate the relationships among microeukaryotic algae, consumer protists, bacterial communities, and the resistome.

Internal and marginal fits of 3D-printed provisional prostheses: comparative effect of different printing parameters.

Objectives: The influence of printing parameters on the marginal and internal fit of three-dimensional (3D) printed interim fixed partial dentures (IFPDs) has been understudied. This investigation sought to elucidate the impact of printing orientation and post-curing time on these critical factors.

Methods: A total of 260 3-Unit IFDPs were printed using two different resins (130/NextDent C&B MFH and 130/ASIGA DentaTOOTH).

Cancer vaccines: an update on recent achievements and prospects for cancer therapy.

Decades of basic and translational research have led to a momentum shift in dissecting the relationship between immune cells and cancer. This culminated in the emergence of breakthrough immunotherapies that paved the way for oncologists to manage certain hard-to-treat cancers. The application of high-throughput techniques of genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics was conclusive in making and expediting the manufacturing process of cancer vaccines.

Dressing membrane composites of PVA/chitosan/MgO nanoparticles for wound healing applications in rat model.

Chitosan (CS) has excellent film-forming properties; unfortunately, its use as a film wound dressing is limited because of its weak mechanical properties, especially in its wet state. For this reason, modifications with different materials are investigated in this study. The aim of this work was the combination of chitosan with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO), and glycerol as a plasticizer agent which can strengthen CS films, increase their flexibility, and enhance their resistance to microbes.

A combined therapy of meropenem-ZnO nanoparticles efficiently eliminates carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilms, with reduced nephrotoxicity (in vitro).

In response to the World Health Organization's research agenda of antimicrobial resistance in human health, this study appraised the antibacterial and antibiofilm synergistic activity of meropenem and ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) combination against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of meropenem in combination was found to be ~1/12 of its MIC alone. The results of microtiter dilution assay showed that the combination was more efficient in reducing the biofilm biomass than meropenem alone or ZnO-NPs alone.

Earlier diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in primary care in Latin America using a simple screening tool (ACT).

Peripheral Neuropathy (PN) can significantly impair quality of life, but often remains undiagnosed due to limited clinic time, lack of specialist expertise and lack of patient awareness. There are several validated questionnaires for diagnosing PN, but the time taken to administer them in busy primary care clinics limits their utilization. A new, simpler questionnaire was developed following an advisory board meeting in Southeast Asia and was further refined and translated to Portuguese and Spanish following a second advisory board meeting in Latin America.

TMS: Ensemble Deep Learning Model for Accurate Classification of Monkeypox Lesions Based on Transformer Models with SVM.

Background/objectives: The emergence of monkeypox outside its endemic region in Africa has raised significant concerns within the public health community due to its rapid global dissemination. Early clinical differentiation of monkeypox from similar diseases, such as chickenpox and measles, presents a challenge. The Monkeypox Skin Lesion Dataset (MSLD) used in this study comprises monkeypox skin lesions, which were collected primarily from publicly accessible sources.

A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) level among risk factors of ocular involvement in patients with Behçet's disease.

Introduction: Ocular involvement is quite common in Behçet's disease (BD) and may cause crucial functional complications. Even though the mechanisms of BD remain unclear, advances in genetic and immunological fields have improved our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of BD ocular involvement. Little is known about the expression of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) in terms of ocular involvement in BD.

Intracellular pocket conformations determine signaling efficacy through the opioid receptor.

It has been challenging to determine how a ligand that binds to a receptor activates downstream signaling pathways and to predict the strength of signaling. The challenge is compounded by functional selectivity, in which a single ligand binding to a single receptor can activate multiple signaling pathways at different levels. Spectroscopic studies show that in the largest class of cell surface receptors, 7 transmembrane receptors (7TMRs), activation is associated with ligand-induced shifts in the equilibria of intracellular pocket conformations in the absence of transducer proteins.

Unplanned Extubation in Extremely Preterm Neonates: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Impact on Clinical Outcomes.

Background Unplanned extubation (UE) poses a significant safety risk to mechanically ventilated, preterm, and critically ill neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).  Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of UE from January 2018 to December 2021, identify contributing risk factors, and compare the outcomes with a cohort of extremely preterm (EP) infants. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in the NICU at the Women's Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar.

Molecular characterization and risk analysis of Giardia duodenalis assemblages in corticosteroid-treated and non-treated patients in Ismailia, Arab Republic of Egypt.

Background: Giardia duodenalis (G. duodenalis) is an intestinal protozoan parasite of human and animal hosts. The present study investigated and compared the assemblages of G.

Corneal Confocal Microscopy Identifies and Differentiates Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Epilepsy.

Purpose: To assess whether corneal nerve analysis can identify and differentiate patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) from those with epilepsy.

Methods: Participants with MS (n = 83), participants with epilepsy (n = 50), and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 20) underwent corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) and quantification of automated corneal nerve fiber length (ACNFL), automated corneal nerve fractal dimension (ACNFrD), and ACNFrD/ACNFL ratio of the subbasal nerve plexus.

Results: ACNFL (MS: P < 0.

Cilostazol counteracts mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatic encephalopathy rat model: Insights into the role of cAMP/AMPK/SIRT1/ PINK-1/parkin hub and p-CREB /BDNF/ TrkB neuroprotective trajectory.

A devasting stage of chronic hepatic dysfunction is strictly correlated with neurological impairment, signifying hepatic encephalopathy (HE). HE is a multifactorial condition; therefore, hyperammonemia, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction interplay in HE's progressive development. Cilostazol (Cilo) has shown promising neuroprotective and hepatoprotective effectiveness in different neuronal and hepatic disorders; however, its efficiency against HE hasn't yet been explored.

Unveiling the critical role of overlooked consumer protist-bacteria interactions in antibiotic resistance gene dissemination in urban sewage systems.

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging contaminants of significant concern due to their role in facilitating the spread of antibiotic resistance, especially high-risk ARGs, which are characterized by high human accessibility, gene mobility, pathogenicity, and clinical availability. Studies have shown that cross-domain interactions, such as those between consumer protists (consumers) and bacteria, can influence bacterial diversity, distribution, and function through top-down control. The consumers-bacteria interactions may also affect the occurrence and distribution of ARGs, yet this has been scarcely explored in field investigations.