Age-Matched Comparative Analysis of Binocular Vision Anomalies among Children with Dyslexia in Northern Nigeria.

: Dyslexia, a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting reading skills, poses significant challenges to children's academic performance and quality of life. Despite its rising prevalence and adverse effects, understanding of its relationship with vision anomalies remains limited, particularly in low-resource settings like Nigeria. This study aims to assess the prevalence of binocular vision anomalies (BVAs) among children with and without dyslexia in Kano, Nigeria.

Corneal Characteristics of Myopic Malay School Children and Their Association with Axial Length.

Introduction: Corneal characteristics are unique to each eye and can vary among different levels of refractive errors. However, minimal data are available in the literature on corneal characteristics in myopic Malay school children including the difference between the low myopic group and the moderate myopic group. Therefore, this study aims to determine the corneal characteristics of myopic Malay school children and their associations with axial length.

Baseline Accommodation and Binocular Vision Measures in Malay Schoolchildren Enrolled in the Myopia Control Study Using Spectacle Lenses in Kuala Lumpur.

Myopia control lenses have been shown to modify visual function; however, it is arguable if these changes are short-term or long-term. We investigated the changes in accommodative behaviour and binocular vision functions of Malay myopic children who participated in a myopia control trial utilising spectacle lenses (n = 40). This article presents baseline accommodation and binocular vision measurements.

Peripheral Eye Length Evaluation in Myopic Children Undergoing Orthokeratology Treatment for 12 Months Using MRI.

Purpose: To investigate changes in peripheral eye length (PEL) in myopic children undergoing orthokeratology (Ortho-K) treatment for 12 months using MRI. The results were compared to single vision spectacle wearers (SVS).

Patients And Methods: A total of 70 children with myopia (aged 8-9 years old) were recruited.

Ocular dimensions by three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging in emmetropic versus myopic school children.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to investigate eye shapes; however, reports involving children are scarce. This study aimed to determine ocular dimensions, and their correlations with refractive error, using three-dimensional MRI in emmetropic versus myopic children.

Methods: Healthy school children aged < 10 years were invited to take part in this cross-sectional study.

Comparison of vision-related quality of life between wearing Orthokeratology lenses and spectacles in myopic children living in Kuala Lumpur.

Purpose: There are limited reports available on the impact of wearing Orthokeratology (ortho-K) lenses on the quality of life of Asian children. This study evaluated and compared vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) between myopic children wearing ortho-K lenses and single-vision spectacles (SVSs), living in Kuala Lumpur, using Paediatric Refractive Error Profile (PREP) questionnaires.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study.

Corneal endothelial morphology of healthy myopic Malaysian children of Chinese ethnicity aged 8-9 years and its association with axial length.

: This is a cross-sectional study to further understand the effects of axial length elongation on the corneal endothelial cell's morphology in myopic children. Abnormal changes in the morphology of corneal endothelium are indicators of corneal stress or instability which could be linked to myopia. 111 school children comprising of 37 emmetropes, 37 mild myopes and 37 moderate myopes aged 8-9 years old were recruited.

Ocular Dimensions, Refractive Error, and Body Stature in Young Chinese Children with Myopia in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Purpose: Eyeball shape varies with refraction and body stature. Nevertheless, there are few reports on three-dimensional measurements of eyeball shape in children. The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to investigate the associations between three-dimensional measurements of ocular dimensions, refractive error, and body stature in young Chinese children with myopia in Kuala Lumpur.

Wearing Pattern and Awareness About Contact Lens Wear in Secondary School Students in Kuala Lumpur.

Purpose: To investigate the wearing pattern and awareness about contact lens care among secondary school students in Kuala Lumpur.

Patients And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using self-administered validated questionnaires. A total of 2500 questionnaires were distributed to secondary school students (aged 13 to 18 years) from 5 selected schools in Kuala Lumpur.

The morphology of corneal endothelial cells in long term soft contact lens wearers in Kuala Lumpur.

Purpose: To analyse and compare the alterations in corneal endothelium morphology induced by different materials and durations of wearing soft contact lenses (CL) among young adults living in Kuala Lumpur.

Methods: Healthy soft CL wearers were invited to participate in this study. Visual acuity (VA) was measured using the Snellen chart, and subjective refraction was performed using cross-cylinder technique.

Patterns of Use and Knowledge about Contact Lens Wear amongst Teenagers in Rural Areas in Malaysia.

Background: Contact lenses (CLs) are more popular than spectacles for vision correction amongst the youth. Knowledge about the risks of wearing CLs is critical especially for those with poor access to public health education. This study investigates the patterns of use and level of knowledge about CL wear amongst teenagers living in rural areas in Selangor, Malaysia using a set of validated questionnaires.

Total Protein Concentration and Tumor Necrosis Factor α in Tears of Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Significance: Total protein concentration (TPC) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) concentration in tears are correlated with severity of retinopathy. However, minimal data are available in the literature for investigating tear TPC and TNF-α concentrations in Asian individuals with different severity of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).

Purpose: This study evaluated differences of TPC and TNF-α concentrations in tears at different severity of NPDR among participants with diabetes in comparison with normal participants.

Global trends in myopia management attitudes and strategies in clinical practice - 2019 Update.

Purpose: A survey in 2015 identified a high level of eye care practitioner concern about myopia with a reported moderately high level of activity, but the vast majority still prescribed single vision interventions to young myopes. This research aimed to update these findings 4 years later.

Methods: A self-administrated, internet-based questionnaire was distributed in eight languages, through professional bodies to eye care practitioners globally.

Changes in the morphology of corneal endothelial cells in young myopic adults after 6 months of wearing soft contact lenses: a Malaysian perspective.

Purpose: Soft contact lens wear is most frequently associated with morphologic changes in corneal endothelial cells, but the data are scarce in Asians. This study aimed to evaluate changes in corneal endothelial cell morphology after 6 months of wearing soft hydrogel contact lenses (SH) in young myopic adults living in Kuala Lumpur.

Patients And Methods: Forty-eight subjects were included in the study, 24 were fitted with SH contact lenses (A) and the rest were prescribed with glasses (B).

Refractive error, visual acuity, and corneal-curvature changes in high and low myopes with orthokeratology treatment: A Malaysian study.

Background/purpose: The effect of orthokeratology (OK) on low myopia is well known, but there are a few reports on its effect on high myopia. In this study, the parametric changes in high and low myopia as results of wearing OK lenses for a period of 6 months have been analyzed.

Methods: Records of schoolchildren (age 7-17 years) undergoing OK treatment from an optometry clinic were retrospectively reviewed.

Anterior segment characteristics of keratoconus eyes in a sample of Asian population.

Purpose: To assess changes in anterior segment parameters of keratoconus eyes at different stages of the disease in a sample of the Asian population.

Methods: Files of 32 patients (48 eyes) diagnosed as clinical keratoconus were assessed and the following parameters noted: central corneal thickness (CCT), thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), location of thinnest pachymetry, anterior chamber depth (ACD) at the centre from posterior corneal surface, ACD at 1, 2 and 3mm inferior-paracentral, ACD at thinnest pachymetry, anterior chamber volume (ACV) and anterior chamber angle (ACA). For analysis, keratoconus eyes were classified into 3 subgroups according to mean keratometry readings (mild: K≤47.

Corneal thickness and volume in subclinical and clinical keratoconus.

To evaluate corneal thickness and volume in subclinical and clinical keratoconus in Asian population with the aim of discriminating between normal and ectatic cornea. Eyes were placed into one of the following three groups: normal, subclinical, and mild-moderate keratoconus. Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging (Oculus Inc.

Grading of tarsal conjunctiva of young adults in Malaysia.

Background: The monitoring and assessment of the upper tarsal conjunctiva can be enhanced by the use of a grading scale. The aim of this study was to categorise the appearance of normal tarsal conjunctiva among young adults in Malaysia using the Institute for Eye Research grading scale and to investigate inter- and intra-observer agreement.

Methods: The appearance of the upper tarsal conjunctiva of 416 non-contact lens wearing subjects aged between 19 to 24 years was assessed by two separate observers for roughness and redness in three separate zones using the Institute for Eye Research grading scale.

The resin-embedded cornea prepared via rapid processing protocol : a good histomorphometric target for clinical investigation in ophthalmology and optometry.

This study illustrates and quantifies the changes on corneal tissue between the paraffin-embedded and resin-embedded blocks and thus, selects a better target in investigational ophthalmology and optometry via light microscopy. Corneas of two cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were used in this study. The formalin-fixed cornea was prepared in paraffin block via the conventional tissue processing protocol (4-day protocol) and stained with haematoxylin and eosin.

Histomorphometric profile of the corneal response to short-term reverse-geometry orthokeratology lens wear in primate corneas: a pilot study.

Purpose: To investigate the histological changes in primate cornea induced by short-term overnight orthokeratology (OK).

Methods: Nine young adult primates were used. One animal served as negative control.