Hyperpolarization-Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy of Unaltered Biofluids Using Photo-CIDNP.

The direct and unambiguous detection and identification of individual metabolite molecules present in complex biological mixtures constitute a major challenge in (bio)analytical research. In this context, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has proven to be particularly powerful owing to its ability to provide both qualitative and quantitative atomic-level information on multiple analytes simultaneously in a noninvasive manner. Nevertheless, NMR suffers from a low inherent sensitivity and, moreover, lacks selectivity regarding the number of individual analytes to be studied in a mixture of a myriad of structurally and chemically very different molecules, e.

Prospective, Noninterventional Study of Nivolumab in Real-world Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer After Prior Chemotherapy (ENLARGE-Lung).

Nivolumab was the first immune checkpoint inhibitor approved for use in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This noninterventional, prospective cohort study investigates real-world effectiveness of nivolumab in pretreated NSCLC patients in Germany (Enlarge-Lung/CA209-580). Patients with squamous (SQ) or nonsquamous (NSQ) NSCLC previously treated for locally advanced or metastatic (stage IIIB/IV) disease received nivolumab according to the current Summary of Product Characteristics.

[Cough and Exertional Dyspnoea after Oily Mentholine Inhalation].

A 48-year-old-male presented with a five-week history of non-productive cough and exertional dyspnoea. A pulmonary function test showed a mild diffusion disorder. A CT scan revealed an atypical pneumonia with bipulmonary consolidations, which were accentuated in the right upper lobe.

Low-cost LED-based Photo-CIDNP Enables Biocompatible Hyperpolarization of F for NMR and MRI at 7 T and 4.7 T.

Substrates containing F can serve as background-free reporter molecules for NMR and MRI. However, in vivo applications are still limited due to the lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when compared with H NMR. Although hyperpolarization can increase the SNR, to date, only photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP) allows for hyperpolarization without harmful metal catalysts.

Parahydrogen-induced polarization of carboxylic acids: a pilot study of valproic acid and related structures.

Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is a promising new tool for medical applications of MR, including MRI. The PHIP technique can be used to transfer high non-Boltzmann polarization, derived from parahydrogen, to isotopes with a low natural abundance or low gyromagnetic ratio (e.g.

[Effect of Inhalation of Tobramycin for 12 Months on Reduction of Hospitalisation Rate in Severe COPD].

Introduction: Bacterial colonisation in stable disease of severe COPD and bronchiectasis can cause recurrent hospital treatment, which has a negative impact on the patient's prognosis. A multicentre study has investigated if daily inhalation of tobramycin for one year would lower the number of hospitalisations in severe COPD.

Methods: 44 patients with severe COPD [FEV1 % of predicted value: 42.

Parahydrogen-induced polarization transfer to 19F in perfluorocarbons for 19F NMR spectroscopy and MRI.

Fluorinated substances are important in chemistry, industry, and the life sciences. In a new approach, parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is applied to enhance (19)F MR signals of (perfluoro-n-hexyl)ethene and (perfluoro-n-hexyl)ethane. Unexpectedly, the end-standing CF3 group exhibits the highest amount of polarization despite the negligible coupling to the added protons.

Parahydrogen induced polarization in face of keto-enol tautomerism: proof of concept with hyperpolarized ethanol.

Hyperpolarization (HP) techniques are increasingly important in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS). HP methods have the potential to overcome the fundamentally low sensitivity of magnetic resonance (MR). A breakthrough of HP-MR in life sciences and medical applications is still limited by the small number of accessible, physiologically relevant substrates.

Hyperpolarized 19F-MRI: parahydrogen-induced polarization and field variation enable 19F-MRI at low spin density.

The use of parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) for signal enhancement in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is well established. Recently, this method has been adopted to increase the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The transfer of non-thermal spin hyperpolarization--from parahydrogen to a heteronucleus--provides better contrast, thus enabling new imaging agents.

(13)C hyperpolarization of a barbituric acid derivative via parahydrogen induced polarization.

Significant (13)C NMR signal enhancement by a factor of 5000 of a barbituric acid derivative (5-methyl-5-propenyl-barbituric acid) via parahydrogen induced polarization is presented. This hyperpolarization is achieved by hydrogenating 5-methyl-5-propargyl-barbituric acid with 98% enriched para-H(2) under elevated temperature and pressure and transferring the initially created (1)H hyperpolarization with an INEPT-derived pulse sequence to (13)C. The polarization can be selectively transferred to different carbons in the barbituric acid derivative by applying different pulse delays in the INEPT pulse sequence.

A phase II study on safety and efficacy of high-dose N-acetylcysteine in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Objective: We conducted a single-centre, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase II clinical study to test safety and efficacy of a 12-week therapy with low-dose (700 mg/daily) or high-dose (2800 mg/daily) of NAC.

Methods: Twenty-one patients (DeltaF508 homo/heterozygous, FEV1>40% pred.) were included in the study.

[The effects of physical training on the body composition of patients with COPD].

Aim: The following controlled trial was conducted to determine the positive effects of exercise on the body composition of patients suffering from COPD.

Methods: A group consisting of 23 COPD patients who regularly participated in a guided exercise programme was compared with a control group consisting of 19 COPD patients who did not exercise. The relative changes of body mass index (BMI), body cell mass in % [BCM-(%)], extra cellular mass/body cell mass index (ECM/BCM index) and phase angle (angle between sinus current and sinus voltage) after 6 months and after one year were analysed for statistical differences.

Parahydrogen induced polarization of barbituric acid derivatives: 1H hyperpolarization studies.

Homogeneous hydrogenation of barbituric acid derivatives with parahydrogen yields a substantial increase of the (1)H NMR signals of the reaction products. These physiologically relevant compounds were hydrogenated at both ambient and elevated temperatures and pressures using a standard cationic rhodium catalyst. The resulting nonthermal nuclear spin polarization (hyperpolarization) is limited by the spin-lattice relaxation time T(1) of the corresponding nuclei in the products, being shorter than the time constant of the hydrogenation.

[Improvement in expiratory peak flow (PEF) of COPD patients due to "lung" sport for 12 months].

This prospective, randomised, controlled study deals with the question whether it is possible to induce an improvement of peak expiratory flow (PEF) in patients suffering from COPD by a structured "lung" sport programme over a longer period of time (12 months). Furthermore, a comparison with the spontaneous course of the disease was performed. A group of 7 COPD patients (1 man, 6 women, mean age 70 years, COPD grade II - III according to GOLD) who regularly took part in a structured lung sport programme was compared with a control group of 10 COPD patients (5 men, 5 women, mean age 67.

[Charcoal smoke causes bronchial anthracosis and COPD].

Background: Bronchopulmonary disease due to inhalation of smoke from open woodfires represents a major health problem in developing countries. Due to increasing migration such patients also present to medical services in Europe.

Case Report And Discussion: An 84-year-old Afghan housewife who never smoked nor has a history of exposure to inorganic dusts, presents with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in association with bronchial anthracosis and stenosis of a bronchus.