A 4-year follow-up of root canal obturation using a calcium silicate-based sealer and a zinc oxide-eugenol sealer: A randomized clinical trial.

Aim: This randomized clinical trial assessed the outcomes of nonsurgical root canal treatment (RCT), comparing a calcium silicate-based sealer (CSBS) with the single-cone technique (SC) with a zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) sealer and warm vertical compaction (WVC).

Methodology: Ninety-two single- and multi-rooted teeth were divided into two groups and treated using either the SC with BioRoot™ RCS (BIO) or WVC with Pulp Canal Sealer™ EWT (PCS). Teeth with apical periodontitis (AP) in both groups were further divided into BIOAP and PCSAP subgroups.

Evidence of an effect of statins on lesions originating from dental infection. A retrospective clinical investigation.

Background: Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory dental disease caused by bacterial infections of the endodontic system. The correlation between AP and cardiovascular diseases. (CVD) has been consistently investigated.

Update on chelating agents in endodontic treatment: A systematic review.

Background: The aim of this review was to assess the evidence regarding the most commonly used chelating agents in terms of efficacy, erosive potential, cytotoxicity, interaction, antimicrobial effect, impact on sealers adhesion, and release of growth factors.

Material And Methods: MEDLINE (PubMed) database, Cochrane Library and Scopus were searched up to January 14, 2023, including studies with one or more of the following chelating agents: 17% EDTA, 9% and 18% HEDP, 10% and 20% citric acid, 2%-2.25% peracetic acid and 7% maleic acid.

Biological Effects of Orthodontic Tooth Movement on the Periodontium in Regenerated Bone Defects: A Scoping Review.

The aim of this scoping review is to analyse the biological effects of the orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in areas with bone defects that are undergoing regeneration using different types of regenerative materials and techniques. The electronic research was performed on four databases as follows: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Data were extracted according to publication information, study design, sample characteristics, parameters of OTM, biological repercussions on the periodontium complex, methods of analysis, and conclusions.

Prevalence of Apical Periodontitis in Patients with Autoimmune Liver Diseases on Immune Suppressants and Immune Modulators: A Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Autoimmune liver diseases (ALDs) are chronic conditions generated by an immune-mediated autoaggressive inflammatory reaction in genetically susceptible individuals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in patients suffering from ALDs undergoing treatment with the immune suppressants glucocorticoids, azathioprine, and/or ursodeoxycholic acid.

Methods: The ALD group included 46 patients (11 men and 35 women, average age = 57.

The role of systemic statins in the inception and healing of apical periodontitis: a systematic review.

Objectives: Statins are a category of medications widely used to reduce plasma LDL-cholesterol levels, that also possess antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory action. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the effects of systemic statins therapy on the development and treatment of apical periodontitis (AP) on humans and animals.

Material And Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) and grey literature were searched from their inception until February, 20 2023 (PROSPERO CRD42021246231).

Clinical management of external cervical resorption: A systematic review.

This review investigated whether any therapeutic options influenced the outcome of treatment for teeth with external cervical resorption. Out of 870 articles identified by an electronic search, 60 clinical case reports and six case series were included. No randomised clinical trials were found.

Medium- and Long-Term Re-Treatment of Root Canals Filled with a Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer: An Experimental Ex Vivo Study.

This study investigated the possibility of re-treating a calcium silicate-based sealer (CSBS), compared to an epoxy-resin sealer (RBS), using rotary instrumentation at different times from obturation (1 month/1 year). Thirty-six human mandibular premolars, extracted as a result of orthodontic or periodontal problems, were instrumented and randomly divided into three groups of 12: BR and BR*, which were filled with CSBS and re-treated after one month and one year of storage, respectively, and AH, which was filled with RBS and re-treated after one month. The same re-treatment protocol was used for all teeth, and the times required for the procedure was recorded.

Conservative Non-Surgical Management of Horizontal Root-Fractured Maxillary Incisors in a Young Male with Angle Class II, Division 2, Malocclusion.

Horizontal root fractures are a rare emergency in a dental office. The injury involves periodontal ligament, cementum, dentine and pulp. The healing is influenced by the location of the root fracture, the displacement of the fragments and the status of the pulp.

Combined Management of Apical Root Fracture and Avulsion of Two Maxillary Permanent Central Incisors: A Case Report.

As a result of a skiing accident, a ten-year-old girl suffered combined injuries to both maxillary central incisor teeth (#1.1 and #2.1).

Management of the Sequelae of a Sport-Related Traumatic Dental Injury Using Ultrasound Examination in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up.

About a quarter of all oral pathologies involving the oral cavity and dental apparatus are traumatic injuries, and a substantial number of these cases are the result of sports injuries affecting adolescents and young adults. Here, we report the case of a 25-year-old healthy female referred to the department of Endodontics for the evaluation and management of teeth 1.2 and 1.

Proresolving Mediators in Endodontics: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Proresolving lipid mediators are specialized molecules (SPMs) involved in the active resolution of the inflammatory process by regulating tissue homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the scientific literature to assess the potential of SPMs as an adjunct in the treatment of endodontic infection.

Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched from their inception until February 2020 (PROSPERO CRD42020164743).

Multimodular Assessment of a Traumatic Bone Cyst Overlapped with Apical Periodontitis.

Traumatic bone cyst (TBC), a "pseudocyst" that usually affects long bones, is a rare lesion among cystic lesions in the jaws. The most commonly affected site is the posterior mandible. Most of the time, TBC is asymptomatic and discovered during routine radiographic examination.

A 12-month follow-up of primary and secondary root canal treatment in teeth obturated with a hydraulic sealer.

Objectives: This randomized, controlled, pilot study assessed the outcome of non-surgical primary/secondary root canal treatments either with a novel bioactive sealer and the single-cone technique or with gutta-percha, zinc oxide-eugenol sealer (ZOE), and warm vertical compaction.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-nine patients were randomly divided into two groups that were treated using the single-cone technique with BioRoot RCS (Septodont) (BIO group) or warm vertical compaction with gutta-percha and ZOE sealer (PCS group). Two subsamples (BIOAP and PCSAP) comprised the cases with apical periodontitis.

Unconscious Racial Bias May Affect Dentists' Clinical Decisions on Tooth Restorability: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Methods: In this single-center cross-sectional survey, 57 dentists were given a clinical scenario in combination with a patient's relevant clinical photographs and radiographs depicting either a Black or White patient presenting with a decayed tooth and associated symptoms of irreversible pulpitis. Explicit bias was measured through a questionnaire, which evaluated participants' course of treatment, strength of recommendation, and their perception of patients' dental cooperativeness. Implicit bias was evaluated through brief implicit associate tests.

Lower and higher-potency statins on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study.

Aims: Evidences showed a link between statins and new-onset diabetes and large clinical trials in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) suggested a mild glycemic progression in statin treated. Since this effect has not yet elucidated in real world, we investigated the effects of different statins on glycemia in T2DM clinic outpatients.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, we recorded at 6 and 12months modifications of fasting glucose (FPG), HbA1c, diabetes intensification therapy and target rate for HbA1c in 421 T2DM non-users and new statin users.

Variability of triglyceride levels and incidence of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes.

Background: Experimental and clinical studies have shown a strong association between hypertriglyceridemia and diabetic nephropathy. A variability of triglyceride (TG) levels has been reported in diabetes.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship of TG variability with the incidence of microalbuminuria (albumin excretion rate > 20 μg/min), in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Different distribution of phenotypes and glucose tolerance categories associated with two alternative proposed cutoffs of insulin resistance.

We investigated whether two alternative HOMA-IR thresholds recently proposed identify similar phenotype and have the same impact on gluco-metabolic risk. The two IR cutoffs, IR1 and IR2 (IR1: HOMA-IR >5.9 and IR2: HOMA-IR between 2.

Dyslipidemia and diabetes: reciprocal impact of impaired lipid metabolism and Beta-cell dysfunction on micro- and macrovascular complications.

Patients with diabetes frequently exhibit the combined occurrence of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. Published data on their coexistence are often controversial. Some studies provide evidence for suboptimal lifestyle and exogenous hyperinsulinism at "mild insulin resistance" in adult diabetic patients as main pathogenic factors.

Lipid accumulation product and 25-OH-vitamin D deficiency in type 2 diabetes.

Background: Emerging data suggest a link between vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and visceral adiposity. The lipid accumulation product (LAP), strictly correlated with abdominal fat depots, is proposed as marker of dysfunctional adiposity.

Aim: To verify the association between 25(OH)D levels and LAP in T2D.

Lipids seasonal variability in type 2 diabetes.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the seasonal lipid variations in type 2 diabetic (DM2) outpatients.

Materials/methods: 302 (183 women and 119 men) DM2 subjects with or without statins therapy were screened. Body weight, HbA1c, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), triglycerides (Trg) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured and patients' data of diet and physical activity were recorded during fall/winter (F/W) and spring/summer (S/S) seasons.

Lipid levels in obese and nonobese subjects as predictors of fasting and postload glucose metabolism.

Background: Dyslipidemia in the overweight/obese patient often is associated with impaired glucose metabolism. The authors of large clinical trials in different ethnic groups highlighted the correlation between glycemia and lipid profile, although the effect of abdominal adiposity was not explored.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship of visceral adiposity and lipid profile with fasting (FPG) and postload glucose (2hPG) in subjects without known diabetes (DM2).

Correlation between HDL cholesterol levels and beta-cell function in subjects with various degree of glucose tolerance.

Some reports showed direct effects of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) on beta-cells survival and insulin secretion, suggesting an its role on glucose metabolism. We queried, whether subjects screened for type 2 diabetes (DM2) could display some impairment of beta-cell performance related to their HDL-C levels. A total of 1,087 clinical outpatients at risk of DM2 with no history of diabetes were studied.

Hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype and β-cell function in subjects with normal and impaired glucose tolerance.

Aim: To determine the association between the hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype, a combination of enlarged waist circumference and increased triglyceride levels, and β-cell function in subjects with normal glucose tolerance and those with impaired glucose tolerance.

Methods: We studied 1344 outpatients clinic without diabetes. Overnight fasting blood samples were obtained to measure plasma glucose, insulin and lipids.