Exposure to physical, sexual and emotional violence and health-related factors among the adult population in the Faroe Islands.

Aims: The Faroe Islands is a small homogenous archipelago located in the North Atlantic Ocean with no prior study of violence among adults. In an adult population-based sample, we studied physical, sexual and emotional violence and health and socio-economic determinants.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey conducted between November 2020 and February 2021 was based on a newly initiated questionnaire that included 1068 randomly selected individuals aged 18-75.

The effectiveness of diabetes training of psychiatric health professionals on individuals with diabetes and psychiatric disorders - a pragmatic controlled trial in Denmark.

Background: Individuals with diabetes and co-existing psychiatric disorders have more diabetes complications and lower life expectancy than those with diabetes but no co-existing psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric health professionals may have a role in improving these outcomes but often lack diabetes knowledge and skills. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of a diabetes training course for psychiatric health professionals on their diabetes knowledge and skills and clinical outcomes, diabetes support and diabetes distress among individuals with diabetes and psychiatric disorders treated in psychiatric outpatient clinics.

An Enduring Role for Hippocampal Pattern Completion in Addition to an Emergent Nonhippocampal Contribution to Holistic Episodic Retrieval after a 24 h Delay.

Episodic memory retrieval is associated with the holistic neocortical reinstatement of all event information, an effect driven by hippocampal pattern completion. However, whether holistic reinstatement occurs, and whether hippocampal pattern completion continues to drive reinstatement, after a period of consolidation is unclear. Theories of systems consolidation predict either a time-variant or time-invariant role of the hippocampus in the holistic retrieval of episodic events.

Natalizumab treatment of multiple sclerosis - a Danish nationwide study with 13 years of follow-up.

Background: Natalizumab is a widely used high-efficacy treatment in multiple sclerosis (MS). Real-world evidence regarding long-term effectiveness and safety is warranted. We performed a nationwide study evaluating prescription patterns, effectiveness, and adverse events.

Influence of Headgroups in Ethylene-Tetrafluoroethylene-Based Radiation-Grafted Anion Exchange Membranes for CO Electrolysis.

The performance of zero-gap CO electrolysis (COE) is significantly influenced by the membrane's chemical structure and physical properties due to its effects on the local reaction environment and water/ion transport. Radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes (RG-AEM) have demonstrated high ionic conductivity and durability, making them a promising alternative for COE. These membranes were fabricated using two different thicknesses of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene polymer substrates (25 and 50 μm) and three different headgroup chemistries: benzyl-trimethylammonium, benzyl--methylpyrrolidinium, and benzyl--methylpiperidinium (MPIP).

From Lab to Technical CO Hydrogenation Catalysts: Understanding PdZn Decomposition.

The valorization of CO to produce high-value chemicals, such as methanol and hydrocarbons, represents key technology in the future net-zero society. Herein, we report further investigation of a PdZn/ZrO + SAPO-34 catalyst for conversion of CO and H into propane, already presented in a previous work. The focus of this contribution is on the scale up of this catalyst.

Haemodynamic and respiratory perioperative outcomes for open versus robot-assisted radical cystectomy: A double-blinded, randomised trial.

Background: The clinical impact of prolonged steep Trendelenburg position and CO pneumoperitoneum during robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RC) on intraoperative conditions and immediate postoperative recovery remains to be assessed. The current study investigates intraoperative and immediate postoperative outcomes for open RC (ORC) versus robot-assisted RC with intracorporal urinary diversion (iRARC) in a blinded randomised trial. We hypothesised that ORC would result in a faster haemodynamic and respiratory post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) recovery compared to iRARC.

What is the optimal time-response window for the use of photobiomodulation therapy combined with static magnetic field (PBMT-sMF) for the improvement of exercise performance and recovery, and for how long the effects last? A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: The optimal time-response window for photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and/or light emitting diodes therapy (LEDT) combined with static magnetic fields (sMF) before physical activity still was not fully investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the better of four time-response windows for PBMT combined with sMF (PBMT-sMF) use before exercise in humans.

Methods: A prospectively registered, randomized, triple-blinded (volunteers, therapists and assessors) placebo-controlled trial was carried out.

Redefining enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC): Genomic characterization of epidemiological EAEC strains.

Although enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) has been implicated as a common cause of diarrhea in multiple settings, neither its essential genomic nature nor its role as an enteric pathogen are fully understood. The current definition of this pathotype requires demonstration of cellular adherence; a working molecular definition encompasses E.

Male Sexual and Reproductive Health-Does the Urologist Have a Role in Addressing Gender Inequality in Life Expectancy?

Despite considerable public health initiatives in the past century, there remains a significant gender inequality in life expectancy. The Global Burden of Diseases study has highlighted that the life expectancy for men is 70.5years, compared with 75.

Comparison of Photobiomodulation and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Tissue Repair on Collagenase-Induced Achilles Tendon Inflammation in Rats.

Background: Tendinopathy is characterized by pain, edema, and structural changes in tendon tissue.

Objective: In this animal study we decided to compare the short- and medium-term effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), dexamethasone, and diclofenac on inflammation and tendon tissue repair in collagenase-induced tendinitis.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred five female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups.

Evaluating next-generation sequencing for direct clinical diagnostics in diarrhoeal disease.

The accurate microbiological diagnosis of diarrhoea involves numerous laboratory tests and, often, the pathogen is not identified in time to guide clinical management. With next-generation sequencing (NGS) becoming cheaper, it has huge potential in routine diagnostics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of NGS-based diagnostics through direct sequencing of faecal samples.

Low-Level Laser Therapy and Cryotherapy as Mono- and Adjunctive Therapies for Achilles Tendinopathy in Rats.

Background And Objective: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and cryotherapy are widely used treatments in the acute phase of tendon injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of these two treatments on tendon inflammation and mechanical properties.

Materials And Methods: Six groups of six Wistar rats were used in this study.

Rapid and Easy In Silico Serotyping of Escherichia coli Isolates by Use of Whole-Genome Sequencing Data.

Accurate and rapid typing of pathogens is essential for effective surveillance and outbreak detection. Conventional serotyping of Escherichia coli is a delicate, laborious, time-consuming, and expensive procedure. With whole-genome sequencing (WGS) becoming cheaper, it has vast potential in routine typing and surveillance.

Third-space fluid distribution of pemetrexed in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Aim: Hydrophilic drugs particularly those with low plasma protein binding may accumulate in third-space fluid in the body. Cytotoxic drugs like methotrexate (MTX) cause damage in the tissue, and evacuation of the third-space fluid in pleura is strongly recommended before new dosing. Pemetrexed (PEM) is a multi-targeted antifolate similar to MTX approved for the treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer.

A novel RNASEH2B splice site mutation responsible for Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome in the Faroe Islands.

Aim: The aim of the study was to identify the genetic background for Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS) in the Faroe Islands.

Methods: Four patients with AGS were identified. The patients had a variable phenotype, from a severe prenatal form with intrauterine foetal death to a milder phenotype, albeit still with an early onset, within the first 2-3 months.

An experimental study of low-level laser therapy in rat Achilles tendon injury.

The aim of this controlled animal study was to investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) administered 30 min after injury to the Achilles tendon. The study animals comprised 16 Sprague Dawley male rats divided in two groups. The right Achilles tendons were injured by blunt trauma using a mini guillotine, and were treated with LLLT or placebo LLLT 30 min later.

Lactate concentrations in the rectal lumen in patients in early septic shock.

Background: Previously, we observed that rectal luminal lactate was higher in non-survivors compared with survivors of severe sepsis or septic shock persisting >24 h. The present study was initiated to further investigate this tentative association between rectal luminal lactate and mortality in a larger population of patients in early septic shock.

Methods: A prospective observational multicentre study of 130 patients with septic shock at six general ICU's of university hospitals.

Organometallic trinuclear niobium cluster complex in aqueous solution: synthesis and characterization of niobium complexes containing Nb(3)(mu-eta(2):eta(2)( perpendicular)-NCCH(3))(mu(2)-O)(3)(6+) cluster core.

The synthesis and characterization of an organometallic trinuclear oxo-bridged niobium cluster complex with perpendicularly coordinated mu(3)-eta(2):eta(2)( perpendicular)-acetonitrile ligand in aqueous solution is reported. Reaction of NbCl(5) in acetonitrile with aluminum under argon followed by reaction with aqueous hydrochloric acid affords, after suitable workup, the isolation of the organometallic [Nb(3)(mu-eta(2):eta(2)-NCCH(3))O(3)(H(2)O)(9)](6+) aqua ion by cation-exchange chromatography. The purple niobium aqua ion in 2 M HCl shows a small peak at 365 nm (epsilon approximately 511 M(-1) cm(-1) per Nb) and a broad peak at 565 nm (epsilon approximately 335 M(-1) cm(-1)) in the UV-visible region.

Use of dietary supplements in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition calibration study.

Background: Dietary supplement use is increasing, but there are few comparable data on supplement intakes and how they affect the nutrition and health of European consumers. The aim of this study was to describe the use of dietary supplements in subsamples of the 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Methods: Specific questions on dietary supplement use were asked as a part of single 24-h recalls performed on 36,034 men and women aged 35-74 years from 1995 to 2000.

Dietary intakes of retinol, beta-carotene, vitamin D and vitamin E in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort.

Objectives: To describe the intake of the fat-soluble nutrients retinol, beta-carotene, vitamin E and vitamin D and their food sources among 27 redefined centres in 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

Methods: Between 1995 and 2000, 36,034 subjects (age range: 35-74 years) completed a single standardized 24-h dietary recall using a computerized interview software program (EPIC-SOFT). Intakes of the fat-soluble nutrients were estimated using the standardized EPIC Nutrient Database.

Injection-salting and cold-smoking of farmed atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) at different stages of Rigor Mortis: effect on physical properties.

Processing of fish is generally conducted postrigor, but prerigor processing is associated with some potential advantages. The aim of this study was to study how 5 processing regimes of cold-smoked cod and salmon conducted at different stages of rigor influenced yield, fillet shrinkage, and gaping. Farmed cod and salmon was filleted, salted by brine injection of 25% NaCl, and smoked for 2 h at different stages of rigor.

Obesity, behavioral lifestyle factors, and risk of acute coronary events.

Background: Whether physical activity reduces the impact of obesity on the risk of acute coronary events is much debated. However, little is known about the role of other potentially modifiable lifestyle factors in combination with obesity.

Methods And Results: We followed up 54,783 women and men from the prospective Danish Diet, Cancer and Health study who were 50 to 64 years at baseline (1993 to 1997) and free of coronary artery disease and cancer.

Injection-salting of pre rigor fillets of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).

The effects of temperature (-1, 4, and 10 degrees C), brine concentration (12% and 25% NaCl), injection volumes, and needle densities were investigated on fillet weight gain (%), salt content (%), fillet contraction (%), and muscle gaping in pre rigor brine-injected fillets of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Increased brine concentration (12% to 25%) significantly increased the initial (< 5 min after injection) and final contraction (24 h after injection) of pre rigor fillets. Increased brine concentration significantly reduced weight gain and increased salt content but had no significant effect on muscle gaping.