The Use of Novel Alginate Capsules in a Monitoring System for in a Cherry Orchard in the Region of La Araucanía, Chile.

Spotted wing drosophila (SWD) is a pest that causes damage due to the female laying eggs under the skin of ripe fruit, from which a larva emerges, causing its collapse and reducing its commercial value. Due to the importance of this pest, monitoring its population is the starting point for any control program; however, there is no early monitoring plan within management tasks, nor are there studies on behavior, the optimization of traps, or their baits. This research proposes the evaluation of a monitoring system with encapsulated baits and adhesive traps that allow effective control.

Induced Defense in Ryegrass-Epichloë Symbiosis Against : Impact on Peramine Levels and Pest Performance.

The Argentine stem weevil (ASW), a major pest in ryegrass pastures, causes significant agricultural losses. Ryegrass can establish a symbiotic association with endophytic fungi, which supply chemical defenses, including peramine. This symbiosis helps protect ryegrass by providing peramine, which acts as a primary defense.

Silver Nanoparticles as a Potent Nanopesticide: Toxic Effects and Action Mechanisms on Pest Insects of Agricultural Importance-A Review.

Nanotechnology has been a promising plant protection discipline in recent years, attributed to the unique physicochemical properties exhibited at the nanoscale. In this context, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been effective in various applications, including medical, industrial, and agronomic, and during the last few years, the control of insect pests has raised great interest. The present review mainly provides updated information about the use of AgNPs elaborated by different synthesis methods, such as biological (plants, microorganisms), physical, and chemical, and their effect against various insect species of agricultural importance belonging to the order Diptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, and Hemiptera.

A Countermeasure Strategy against Peramine Developed by in the Endophyte-Ryegrass-Herbivore Model.

Exploitation of the symbiotic relationship between endophytic fungi and ryegrass is a crucial technique for reducing the incidence of insect pests. This is primarily due to the production of alkaloids, such as peramine, by the fungi. This alkaloid has been reported as both a deterrent and toxic to a variety of insects.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of chemoreceptors in two sympatric scarab beetles, Hylamorpha elegans and Brachysternus prasinus.

Chemoreception through odorant receptors (ORs), ionotropic receptors (IRs) and gustatory receptors (GRs) represents the functions of key proteins in the chemical ecology of insects. Recent studies have identified chemoreceptors in coleopterans, facilitating the evolutionary analysis of not only ORs but also IRs and GRs. Thus, Cerambycidae, Tenebrionidae and Curculionidae have received increased attention.

Herbivory Damage Increased VOCs in Wild Relatives of Murtilla Plants Compared to Their First Offspring.

Murtilla () is a shrub native to Chile that has undergone an incipient domestication process aimed at increasing its productivity. The reduction in intrinsic chemical defenses due to the domestication process has resulted in a decrease in the plant's ability to defend itself against mechanical or insect damage. In response to this damage, plants release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as a means of defense.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance monoterpene production in red clover ( L.): a potential tool for pest control.

The possibility of modifying terpene production in plants is a defensive strategy that has been studied in conjunction with their biosynthetic pathways. A biotic factor such as Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) could modify terpene production in L. In this work, the enzymatic production of monoterpenes in Superqueli INIA cultivar with two AMF was evaluated via HeadSpace-Gas Chromatography (HS-GC).

Optimization of enzymatic parameters for the production of formononetin from red clover ( L.) through a response surface methodology.

, is a forage found worldwide, but it is negatively impacted by the clover root borer, . Methanolic extraction has been reported for isolating formononetin from vegetal tissues, with an antifeeding effect on . However, this methodology is time-consuming and also extracts other secondary metabolites, whereas enzymatic assays can provide higher specificity.

Domestication of Plants of Turcz (Myrtaceae) Interferes in the Biology of (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) Larvae.

In terms of the domestication process in murtilla, studies have found changes in the concentration of phenolic compounds, with reduction of chemical defense of plants, depending on the change in the feeding behavior of insects. Thus, we hypothesized that the domestication of decreases the content of phenolic compounds and modifies the feeding preference of larvae. Leaves of three parental ecotypes and four cultivated ecotypes were used in preference experiments to evaluate the mass gain and leaves consumption of larvae.

Antifeedant Effects and Repellent Activity of Loline Alkaloids from Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue against Horn Flies, (Diptera: Muscidae).

is an obligate bloodsucking ectoparasite of cattle and is the global major pest of livestock production. Currently, management is largely dependent upon broad-spectrum pesticides, which lately has led to the development of insecticide resistance. Thus, alternative control methods are necessary.

Antennal Morphology and Localization of a Pheromone-Binding Protein of Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae).

In the sensory system of insects, olfactory sensilla constitute important functional elements for discriminating odors. Therefore, we used light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to investigate the morphology and distribution of sensilla in the antennae of Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller). In addition, we studied the expression of the gene encoding for pheromone-binding protein 1 (LbotPBP1) by in situ hybridization.