Enhanced Chiral Discriminatory van der Waals Interactions Mediated by Chiral Surfaces.

We predict a discriminatory interaction between a chiral molecule and an achiral molecule which is mediated by a chiral body. To achieve this, we generalize the van der Waals interaction potential between two ground-state molecules with electric, magnetic, and chiral response to nontrivial environments. The force is evaluated using second-order perturbation theory with an effective Hamiltonian.

Strong van der Waals Adhesion of a Polymer Film on Rough Substrates.

We propose that chemically inert polymeric films can enhance van der Waals (vdW) forces in the same way as nanofabrication of biomimetic adhesive materials. For the vdW adhesion of an ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) film on rough metal and dielectric substrates, we present a model that combines microscopic quantum-chemistry simulations of the polymer response functions and the equilibrium monomer-substrate distance with a macroscopic quantum-electrodynamics calculation of the Casimir force between the polymer film and the substrate. We predict adhesive forces up to 2.

Carcinogenicity assessment of lonidamine by dietary administration to Sprague-Dawley rats.

Following chronic dietary administration of 20, 60 and 180 mg/kg per day of lonidamine for 2 years to groups of Sprague-Dawley rats, treatment-related non-tumour findings seen microscopically included the following: atrophy of the testis with associated changes in epididymis and pituitary at all dosages; neuropathy in the sciatic nerve accompanied by skeletal muscle atrophy which was dose-related, particularly in male animals. Neither the incidence of tumour-bearing animals, nor the spectrum of tumours seen, was significantly changed. In the females given 180 mg/kg per day an overall reduction in tumour incidence was noted, which was reflected in a significant reduction (P < 0.

Correlations between embryotoxic and genotoxic effects of phenytoin in mice.

The anticonvulsant drug phenytoin (DPH) has been suspected to produce embryotoxicity through an arene oxide intermediate. This drug was also found to be a genotoxic agent. These hypotheses were tested in pregnant mice modulating the phases I and II metabolizing enzymes.

The postnatal maturation of efferent tubules in the rat: a light and electron microscopy study.

The postnatal maturation of the epithelium and tubule wall of efferent tubules in the rat was investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy, from birth to 50 days of age, when sperms were released from the seminiferous tubules and appeared in the genital duct. At the end of the first week of life, an endocytotic apparatus is differentiated in the epithelial cells. During the third week of life, efferent tubules developed specializations for the transport of sperms and fluids, namely the appearance of ciliated elements interspersed among the principal cells of the epithelium, and differentiation of myoid elements in the tubule wall.

Morphological and karyological studies on in vitro Sertoli cells of adult crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis).

Sertoli cell cultures were obtained from isolated seminiferous tubules of adult crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Cells were identified by their morphological characteristics and their capacity to produce and release in the culture medium 17β-estradiol and androgen-binding protein (ABP). Several cells were undergoing mitosis.

Relationship between brain cortex and testis maturation rate in two inbred strains of mice.

Two inbred strains of mice, SEC/1ReJ (SEC) and C57BL/6J (C57) showed significant differences in the maturation rate of two different anatomical districts: the brain cortex and the seminiferous epithelium. The cortical maturation rate, recorded by means of an electrocorticogram (ECoG), indicated that SEC mice are slower in the development of an adult wave pattern than C57 mice, which are more mature at birth. Furthermore, the C57 strain appears to have a faster maturation rate of the seminiferous epithelium.

Acute cardiovascular toxicity of trazodone, etoperidone and imipramine in rats.

The cardiovascular effects of trazodone, a broad-spectrum antidepressant and its analogue etoperidone, were compared with imipramine, following intravenous infusion in rats. Their effects on electrocardiogram and blood pressure were simultaneously recorded until cardiac arrest. Hypotension was the primary effect of trazodone and etoperidone.

Teratological study of etoperidone in the rat and rabbit.

Etoperidone was administered to pregnant rats and rabbits during the period of organogenesis. The oral doses were 100 and 300 mg/kg in the rat and 5, 25 and 50 mg/kg in the rabbit. In the rat the dose of 300 mg/kg produced toxic effects on the mother, consisting mainly of behavioural changes and death in some cases; a slight increase in embryofetal mortality was also observed.