Leveraging Spruce Bark Particle Morphology for Enhanced Internal Bonding in Particleboard Production.

The continuous rise in global demand for wood products has led to an increase in prices and a surge in research into alternative resources. As a byproduct of the timber industry, bark has emerged as a promising supplement in particleboard (PB) production. However, its anatomical structure, the presence of extractives, and its inferior mechanical properties complicate the production process, which have not yet been fully overcome at a commercial scale.

Convolutional Neural Network-Machine Learning Model: Hybrid Model for Meningioma Tumour and Healthy Brain Classification.

This paper presents a hybrid study of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), machine learning (ML), and transfer learning (TL) in the context of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The anatomy of the brain is very complex; inside the skull, a brain tumour can form in any part. With MRI technology, cross-sectional images are generated, and radiologists can detect the abnormalities.

The Creation of an Individualized School Plan for Optimal Inclusion of Students with Osteogenesis Imperfecta.

Aims: The aims of this study were to: (1) synthesize existing evidence regarding the integration of students with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) into the school setting, (2) tabulate existing school integration tools for OI, and (3) create an individualized school plan to facilitate school integration.

Methods: Guided by the process of developing evidence-informed guidelines, an international, interprofessional, expert task force was convened. The process entailed: (1) reviewing of the literature, (2) developing recommendations, and (3) creating a clinically meaningful, person-focused plan to facilitate the integration and promotion of school inclusivity.

Exploring the Landscape of Aptamers: From Cross-Reactive to Selective to Specific, High-Affinity Receptors for Cocaine.

We reported over 20 years ago MNS-4.1, the first DNA aptamer with a micromolar affinity for cocaine. MNS-4.

A Robust Machine Learning Model for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification.

Ensemble learning is a process that belongs to the artificial intelligence (AI) field. It helps to choose a robust machine learning (ML) model, usually used for data classification. AI has a large connection with image processing and feature classification, and it can also be successfully applied to analyzing fundus eye images.

Striatal correlates of Bayesian beliefs in self-efficacy in adolescents and their relation to mood and autonomy: a pilot study.

Major depressive disorder often originates in adolescence and is associated with long-term functional impairment. Mechanistically characterizing this heterogeneous illness could provide important leads for optimizing treatment. Importantly, reward learning is known to be disrupted in depression.

Cardiopulmonary bypass management and acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery patients.

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) ensures tissue oxygenation during cardiac surgery. New technology allows continuous registration of CPB variables during the operation. The aim of the present investigation was to study the association between CPB management and the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI).

Pathway-Based Polygenic Risk Scores for Schizophrenia and Associations With Reported Psychotic-like Experiences and Neuroimaging Phenotypes in the UK Biobank.

Background: Schizophrenia is a heritable psychiatric disorder with a polygenic architecture. Genome-wide association studies have reported that an increasing number of risk-associated variants and polygenic risk scores (PRSs) explain 17% of the variance in the disorder. Substantial heterogeneity exists in the effect of these variants, and aggregating them based on biologically relevant functions may provide mechanistic insight into the disorder.

Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection of Dissolved Oxygen Sensor in Wastewater Treatment Plants.

As the world progresses toward a digitally connected and sustainable future, the integration of semi-supervised anomaly detection in wastewater treatment processes (WWTPs) promises to become an essential tool in preserving water resources and assuring the continuous effectiveness of plants. When these complex and dynamic systems are coupled with limited historical anomaly data or complex anomalies, it is crucial to have powerful tools capable of detecting subtle deviations from normal behavior to enable the early detection of equipment malfunctions. To address this challenge, in this study, we analyzed five semi-supervised machine learning techniques (SSLs) such as Isolation Forest (IF), Local Outlier Factor (LOF), One-Class Support Vector Machine (OCSVM), Multilayer Perceptron Autoencoder (MLP-AE), and Convolutional Autoencoder (Conv-AE) for detecting different anomalies (complete, concurrent, and complex) of the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) sensor and aeration valve in the WWTP.

Cardiopulmonary bypass management and risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.

Objectives: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) management may potentially play a role in the development of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to explore this potential association.

Methods: Patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valvular surgery during 2016-2020 were included in an observational single-centre study.

Eosinophilic, polymorphic, and pruritic eruption associated with radiation therapy in two patients diagnosed with prostate cancer.

Key Clinical Message: We report 2 cases of EPPER diagnosed in patients who received radiation therapy and hormonal therapy for locally advanced prostate cancer. Both our patients developed this rare late toxicity, but early diagnosis and treatment of this adverse event offers a good prognosis, with no unnecessary interruptions of oncological treatment required.

Abstract: Acute and late adverse events are a major problem for patients receiving radiation therapy.

Hemostatic effects of a dextran-based priming solution for cardiopulmonary bypass: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Intravascular fluids administered to patients may influence hemostasis. In patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, the heart-lung machine is primed with 1300 ml of fluid. We assessed postoperative coagulation and platelet function in patients randomized to two different priming solutions, one colloid-based (dextran 40) and one crystalloid-based.

Early-life inflammatory markers and subsequent psychotic and depressive episodes between 10 to 28 years of age.

Inflammation is implicated in depression and psychosis, including association of childhood inflammatory markers on the subsequent risk of developing symptoms. However, it is unknown whether early-life inflammatory markers are associated with the number of depressive and psychotic symptoms from childhood to adulthood. Using the prospective Avon Longitudinal Study of Children and Parents birth cohort (N = up-to 6401), we have examined longitudinal associations of early-life inflammation [exposures: interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at age 9y; IL-6 and CRP DNA-methylation (DNAm) scores at birth and age 7y; and IL-6 and CRP polygenic risk scores (PRSs)] with the number of depressive episodes and psychotic experiences (PEs) between ages 10-28 years.

Integrated methylome and phenome study of the circulating proteome reveals markers pertinent to brain health.

Characterising associations between the methylome, proteome and phenome may provide insight into biological pathways governing brain health. Here, we report an integrated DNA methylation and phenotypic study of the circulating proteome in relation to brain health. Methylome-wide association studies of 4058 plasma proteins are performed (N = 774), identifying 2928 CpG-protein associations after adjustment for multiple testing.

Comparing personalized brain-based and genetic risk scores for major depressive disorder in large population samples of adults and adolescents.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a polygenic disorder associated with brain alterations but until recently, there have been no brain-based metrics to quantify individual-level variation in brain morphology. Here, we evaluated and compared the performance of a new brain-based 'Regional Vulnerability Index' (RVI) with polygenic risk scores (PRS), in the context of MDD. We assessed associations with syndromal MDD in an adult sample ( = 702, age = 59 ± 10) and with subclinical depressive symptoms in a longitudinal adolescent sample (baseline  = 3,825, age = 10 ± 1; 2-year follow-up  = 2,081, age = 12 ± 1).

Quebracho Tannin Bio-Based Adhesives for Plywood.

Wood-based products are traditionally bonded with synthetic adhesives. Resources availability and ecological concerns have drawn attention to bio-based sources. The use of tannin-based adhesives for engineered wood products has been known for decades, however, these formulations were hardly used for the gluing of solid wood because their rigidity involved low performance.

Complex trait methylation scores in the prediction of major depressive disorder.

Background: DNA methylation (DNAm) is associated with time-varying environmental factors that contribute to major depressive disorder (MDD) risk. We sought to test whether DNAm signatures of lifestyle and biochemical factors were associated with MDD to reveal dynamic biomarkers of MDD risk that may be amenable to lifestyle interventions.

Methods: Here, we calculated methylation scores (MS) at multiple p-value thresholds for lifestyle (BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, and educational attainment) and biochemical (high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and total cholesterol) factors in Generation Scotland (GS) (N=9,502) and in a replication cohort (ALSPAC, N=565), using CpG sites reported in previous well-powered methylome-wide association studies.

Structural neuroimaging measures and lifetime depression across levels of phenotyping in UK biobank.

Depression is assessed in various ways in research, with large population studies often relying on minimal phenotyping. Genetic results suggest clinical diagnoses and self-report measures of depression show some core similarities, but also important differences. It is not yet clear how neuroimaging associations depend on levels of phenotyping.

Fire Retardancy of Cementitious Panels with Larch and Spruce Bark as Bio-Admixtures.

The aim of this study is to investigate the production of fire-resistant panels made out of bark from spruce (), larch ( Mill.) and cement. This research included test panels produced from bark, cement, water and cement-bonded recycling material aiming for the target density of 750 kg/m.

DNA methylome-wide association study of genetic risk for depression implicates antigen processing and immune responses.

Background: Depression is a disabling and highly prevalent condition where genetic and epigenetic, such as DNA methylation (DNAm), differences contribute to disease risk. DNA methylation is influenced by genetic variation but the association between polygenic risk of depression and DNA methylation is unknown.

Methods: We investigated the association between polygenic risk scores (PRS) for depression and DNAm by conducting a methylome-wide association study (MWAS) in Generation Scotland (N = 8898, mean age = 49.

Mechanical Properties of Cellulose and Flax Fiber Unidirectional Reinforced Plywood.

This research presents the influence of two different cellulose (hydrophobic pretreated/non-pretreated) and one flax-fiber unidirectional nonwoven low areal weight fiber reinforcements on the mechanical properties of urea-formaldehyde bonded five layered beech ( L.) plywood as an alternative to commonly used synthetic fiber reinforcements. The results display divergent trends regarding the improvement of the mechanical properties-modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, tensile strength, shear strength, and screw withdrawal resistance.

Serum biomarkers of brain injury after uncomplicated cardiac surgery: Secondary analysis from a randomized trial.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is common after cardiac surgery. Postoperative measurements of brain injury biomarkers may identify brain damage and predict cognitive dysfunction. We describe the release patterns of five brain injury markers in serum and plasma after uncomplicated cardiac surgery.

Perioperative stroke and survival in coronary artery bypass grafting patients: a SWEDEHEART study.

Objectives: Perioperative stroke is a severe complication of cardiac surgery. We assessed the incidence of stroke over time, the association between stroke and mortality and identified preoperative factors independently associated with perioperative stroke, in a large nationwide cardiac surgery population.

Methods: All patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting in Sweden 2006-2017 were included in a registry-based observational cohort study based on prospectively collected data.