Childhood traumatic experiences and psychopathy: A comprehensive review.

Objective: Psychopathy has a considerable societal cost, which motivates research on the mechanisms that cause individuals to engage and persist in antisocial behaviors. It is known that individuals with marked psychopathic traits or callous-unemotional traits typically engage in higher rates of aggressive behaviors. These traits seem to have roots both in biological and environmental factors.

The Influence of Body Position on Determining Aerobic Exercise Intensity for Healthy Individuals.

Unlabelled: To verify the influence of the resting heart rate (RHR) measurement on different positions in the calculation of VO intensities in young individuals of both sexes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with a correlational design with a sample of 22 men and 11 women, aged 27.8 ± 6.

Assessing Brazilian Medical Student Awareness About Global Surgery: A Survey-Based Study.

Background: Global surgery is an interdisciplinary field that advocates for access to equitable, affordable surgical services for all people. Engaging medical students in the field can strengthen the surgical workforce in low- and middle-income countries. We aim to investigate Brazilian medical students' acknowledgment of global surgery and their preferred learning platforms.

Genetic Background Affects the Mucosal Secretory IgA Levels, Parasite Burden, Lung Inflammation, and Mouse Susceptibility to Infection.

Ascariasis is a neglected tropical disease that is widespread in the world and has important socioeconomic impacts. The presence of various stages of worm development in the pulmonary and intestinal mucosae induces a humoral and cellular immune response. However, although there is much evidence of the protective role of mucosal immunity against various pathogens, including helminths, there is still a gap in the knowledge about the immune response and the mechanisms of action that are involved in protection against diseases, especially in the initial phase of ascariasis.

Eosinophils mediate SIgA production triggered by TLR2 and TLR4 to control Ascaris suum infection in mice.

Human ascariasis is the most prevalent but neglected tropical disease in the world, affecting approximately 450 million people. The initial phase of Ascaris infection is marked by larval migration from the host's organs, causing mechanical injuries followed by an intense local inflammatory response, which is characterized mainly by neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration, especially in the lungs. During the pulmonary phase, the lesions induced by larval migration and excessive immune responses contribute to tissue remodeling marked by fibrosis and lung dysfunction.

Biocatalytic Approaches for an Efficient and Sustainable Preparation of Polyphenols and Their Derivatives.

Many sectors of industry, such as food, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals, have increased their interest in polyphenols due to their beneficial properties. These molecules are widely found in Nature (plants) and can be obtained through direct extraction from vegetable matrices. Polyphenols introduced through the diet may be metabolized in the human body via different biotransformations leading to compounds having different bioactivities.

Dihydropyrimidinone-derived selenoesters efficacy and safety in an in vivo model of Aβ aggregation.

In a previous in vitro study, dihydropyrimidinone-derived selenoesteres demonstrated antioxidant properties, metal chelators and inhibitory acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, making these compounds promising candidates for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) treatment. However, these effects have yet to be demonstrated in an in vivo animal model; therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of eight selenoester compounds in a Caenorhabditis elegans model using transgenic strains for amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) aggregation. The L1 stage worms were acutely exposed (30 min) to the compounds at concentrations ranging from 5 to 200 μM and after 48 h the maintenance temperature was increased to 25 ° C for Aβ expression and aggregation.

Economic decision-making in the continuum between healthy aging and Alzheimer's Disease: A systematic review of 20 years of research.

The effect of pathological aging on economic decision-making is a topic of major relevance as impairments in this domain place older adults at increased risk for financial abuse. This review aims to characterize decision-making across the continuum that goes from healthy aging to Alzheimer's Dementia. We included 42 studies comparing patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and healthy older adults, patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and healthy older adults, and patients with MCI and patients with AD.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of the resistome and virulome of riverine microbiomes disturbed by a mining mud tsunami.

Aquatic ecosystems are highly vulnerable to anthropogenic activities. However, it remains unclear how the microbiome responds to press disturbance events in these ecosystems. We examined the impact of the world's largest mining disaster (Brazil, 2015) on sediment microbiomes in two disturbed rivers compared to an undisturbed river during 390 days post-disturbance.

Emotional and Attentional Bias in Fibromyalgia: A Pilot ERP Study of the Dot-Probe Task.

Introduction: The present research investigates the neural correlates of attentional bias in fibromyalgia (FM) with a dot-probe task performed during an electroencephalogram (EEG) recording.

Methods: For this purpose, 30 female participants were recruited, divided into two groups: a group of patients with FM (FM, n = 15, M = 51.87) and a healthy control group (HC) (HC, n = 15, M = 46.

Clinical evidence of the nursing diagnosis Adult pressure injury.

Objective: To identify clinical evidence of the nursing diagnosis Adult pressure injury.

Method: Cross-sectional study with 138 adult patients, with community-acquired or hospital-acquired pressure injuries, admitted to clinical, surgical, and intensive care units. Data collected from Electronic health records (EHR) and from the clinical assessment of patients at the bedside, analyzed through descriptive statistics.

Mass spectrometry determination of seized oil-based anabolic-androgenic steroids products.

Introduction: The presence of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) in illegal commercial products has been pointed as a global threat for public health. Due the correlation with adverse toxicological effects, there is a growing interest in the implementation of straightforward methods for the determination of AAS in seized products. This work exploited the development of a mass spectrometry approach to characterize the illegal oil formulations containing AAS.

First dinosaur tracks from the Açu Formation, Potiguar Basin (mid-Cretaceous of Brazil).

We record a new ichnosite bearing dinosaur tracks from the mid-Cretaceous (Aptian? -Cenomanian) of Brazil. The Fazenda dos Pingos ichnosite is situated within a sandstone pavement of the Açu Formation (Açu 3 unit) from the Potiguar Basin in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. This is a small ichnofauna, with only a few individual isolated tracks.

Peritoneal dialysis in heart failure: focus on kidney and ventricular dysfunction.

Heart failure is a significant health problem worldwide. Despite all the new therapies available nowadays, many patients will reach advanced stages of the disease. Diuretic resistance, kidney dysfunction, and refractory congestion, all highly prevalent in advanced heart failure, frequently complicate the situation, making it more challenging to manage.

Non-invasive positive airway pressure therapy for improving erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with several chronic diseases, including erectile dysfunction (ED). The association of OSAS and ED is far more common than might be found by chance; the treatment of OSAS with non-invasive positive airway pressure therapy is associated with improvement of respiratory symptoms, and may contribute to the improvement of associated conditions, such as ED.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and acceptability of non-invasive positive airway pressure therapy for improving erectile dysfunction in OSAS.

Negative immune responses to two-dose mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in renal allograft recipients assessed with simple antibody and interferon gamma release assay cellular monitoring.

Studies are urgently needed to characterize immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccines in kidney transplant (KT) recipients, excluded from major clinical trials. Complex ELISPOT and other cellular response techniques have been applied, but simpler tools are needed. An easy-to-use real-world monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against the Spike protein and QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 IFNγ release assay (IGRA) were performed at baseline and 28 days after the second dose in KT recipients and controls (dialysis patients and healthy ones).

Efficacy and landscape of Covid-19 vaccines: a review article.

Introduction: The rapid advance of Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has led to the incessant search for therapeutic and prophylactic measures to fight the pandemic. Because it is a viral infection, the safest long-term prophylactic form, in addition to social distance and hygiene, is the vaccine.

Objective: Thus, this study aimed at conducting a review of the efficacy and landscape of Covid-19 vaccines.

Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients with COVID-19, the Effect of Paricalcitol or Calcimimetics.

Background: In COVID-19 patients, low serum vitamin D (VD) levels have been associated with severe acute respiratory failure and poor prognosis. In regular hemodialysis (HD) patients, there is VD deficiency and markedly reduced calcitriol levels, which may predispose them to worse outcomes of COVID-19 infection. Some hemodialysis patients receive treatment with drugs for secondary hyperparathyroidism, which have well known pleiotropic effects beyond mineral metabolism.

Equipment and protocol for measurement of extracellular electrical signals, gas exchange and turgor pressure in plants.

We present a detailed protocol for measuring extracellular electrical signals in plants using the electrode insertion technique. Using this approach, it is possible to measure long-distance electrical signaling induced by several stimuli, including wounding, current application, irrigation, burning, and others. Additionally, we describe how to associate gas exchange measurements using an infra-red gas analyzer (IRGA, Model Li-6400, Li-Cor) and turgor pressure measurements using a patch clamp pressure probe (ZIM-probe, YARA ZIM-plant Technology) to measure extracellular electrical signals.

Catalytic Antioxidant Activity of Bis-Aniline-Derived Diselenides as GPx Mimics.

Herein, we describe a simple and efficient route to access aniline-derived diselenides and evaluate their antioxidant/GPx-mimetic properties. The diselenides were obtained in good yields via ipso-substitution/reduction from the readily available 2-nitroaromatic halides (Cl, Br, I). These diselenides present GPx-mimetic properties, showing better antioxidant activity than the standard GPx-mimetic compounds, ebselen and diphenyl diselenide.

Water quality evaluation and dissolved organic matter characterization of a tropical hypereutrophic reservoir and its streams treated with Phoslock® and microbial bioremediation Enzilimp®.

Worldwide, freshwater environments are impacted by inputs of nutrients and dissolved organic matter from human activities. Yet, the recovery of aquatic systems is usually focused only on nutrient management. In our work, we presented the case of an urban and hypereutrophic environment (Pampulha reservoir, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) that receives discharges from several streams and was treated with lanthanum modified bentonite (Phoslock®) and microbial bioremediation (Enzilimp®).

Exploring the Relationship Between Mental Well-Being, Exercise Routines, and the Intake of Image and Performance Enhancing Drugs During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Comparison Across Sport Disciplines.

Physical distancing under the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a significant impact on lifestyles, including exercise routines. In this study, we examined the relationship between mental health and addictive behaviors, such as excessive exercise and the use of image and performance enhancing drugs (IPEDs) across 12 sport disciplines. A large cross-sectional sample of the adult population ( = 2,295) was surveyed.

Evaluation of percutaneous renal biopsy complications based on outcomes and indicators of the Nursing Outcomes Classification.

Objective: to evaluate the complications of percutaneous renal biopsy based on outcomes and clinical indicators of the Nursing Outcomes Classification.

Method: a prospective longitudinal study. The sample consisted of 13 patients submitted to percutaneous renal biopsy, with 65 evaluations.