Abiraterone induces SLCO1B3 expression in prostate cancer via microRNA-579-3p.

Understanding mechanisms of resistance to abiraterone, one of the primary drugs approved for the treatment of castration resistant prostate cancer, remains a priority. The organic anion polypeptide 1B3 (OATP1B3, encoded by SLCO1B3) transporter has been shown to transport androgens into prostate cancer cells. In this study we observed and investigated the mechanism of induction of SLCO1B3 by abiraterone.

PTI-125 Reduces Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease in Patients.

Background: The most common dementia worldwide, Alzheimer's disease is often diagnosed via biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid, including reduced levels of Aβ1-42, and increases in total tau and phosphorylated tau-181. Here we describe results of a Phase 2a study of a promising new drug candidate that significantly reversed all measured biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. PTI-125 is an oral small molecule drug candidate that binds and reverses an altered conformation of the scaffolding protein filamin A found in Alzheimer's disease brain.

Tumble Kinematics of Escherichia coli near a Solid Surface.

Bacteria tumble periodically, following environmental cues. Whether they can tumble near a solid surface is a basic issue for the inception of infection or mineral biofouling. Observing freely swimming Escherichia coli near and parallel to a glass surface imaged at high magnification (×100) and high temporal resolution (500 Hz), we identified tumbles as events starting (or finishing, respectively) in abrupt deceleration (or reacceleration, respectively) of the body motion.

Comparison of Eight Technologies to Determine Genotype at the UGT1A1 (TA) Repeat Polymorphism: Potential Clinical Consequences of Genotyping Errors?

To ensure accuracy of (rs3064744) genotyping for use in pharmacogenomics-based irinotecan dosing, we tested the concordance of several commonly used genotyping technologies. Heuristic genotype groupings and principal component analysis demonstrated concordance for Illumina sequencing, fragment analysis, and fluorescent PCR. However, Illumina sequencing and fragment analysis returned a range of fragment sizes, likely arising due to PCR "slippage".

Severe Hepatotoxicity of Mithramycin Therapy Caused by Altered Expression of Hepatocellular Bile Transporters.

Mithramycin demonstrates preclinical anticancer activity, but its therapeutic dose is limited by the development of hepatotoxicity that remains poorly characterized. A pharmacogenomics characterization of mithramycin-induced transaminitis revealed that hepatotoxicity is associated with germline variants in genes involved in bile disposition: (multidrug resistance 3) rs2302387 and [bile salt export pump (BSEP)] rs4668115 reduce transporter expression ( < 0.05) and were associated with ≥grade 3 transaminitis developing 24 hours after the third infusion of mithramycin (25 mcg/kg, 6 hours/infusion, every day ×7, every 28 days; < 0.

Abuse-deterrent properties of REMOXY® ER, a high-viscosity extended-release oxycodone formulation.

Objective: These in vitro studies compared abuse-deterrent properties of REMOXY ER (extended-release oxycodone), a novel, high-viscosity gel formulation, versus the two currently marketed ER oxycodone formulations.

Methods: Tampering methods were tailored to each product to maximize oxycodone release with the least complexity, time, and effort, based on the physical/chemical properties of each formulation. Oral abuse was simulated by extracting oxycodone from each manipulated formulation in Common Ingestible Liquids and in Advanced Solvents (not ingestible and requiring additional separation).

Autocorrelation analysis for the unbiased determination of power-law exponents in single-quantum-dot blinking.

We present an unbiased and robust analysis method for power-law blinking statistics in the photoluminescence of single nanoemitters, allowing us to extract both the bright- and dark-state power-law exponents from the emitters' intensity autocorrelation functions. As opposed to the widely used threshold method, our technique therefore does not require discriminating the emission levels of bright and dark states in the experimental intensity timetraces. We rely on the simultaneous recording of 450 emission timetraces of single CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots at a frame rate of 250 Hz with single photon sensitivity.

GATE: a simulation toolkit for PET and SPECT.

Monte Carlo simulation is an essential tool in emission tomography that can assist in the design of new medical imaging devices, the optimization of acquisition protocols and the development or assessment of image reconstruction algorithms and correction techniques. GATE, the Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission, encapsulates the Geant4 libraries to achieve a modular, versatile, scripted simulation toolkit adapted to the field of nuclear medicine. In particular, GATE allows the description of time-dependent phenomena such as source or detector movement, and source decay kinetics.

Tertiary care centers: a strategy for fiscal survival.

Background: Managed care organizations use a variety of payment strategies to contract for high-end tertiary services with academic healthcare centers. We assessed the financial outcome of these strategies and attempted to identify those that maintain a balance between cost and reimbursement.

Methods: Patients admitted with an Injury Severity Score > or =16, hospital charges > or =$100,000, and a managed care organization as the payer were evaluated.

Association of external auditory canal atresia, vertical talus, and hypertelorism: confirmation of Rasmussen syndrome.

In 1979, Rasmussen et al. reported six members of a family with congenital, bilateral, symmetrical, and isolated subtotal atresia of the external auditory canal, bilateral foot abnormalities, and increased interocular distance. The family history suggested autosomal dominant inheritance of the syndrome.

[Osteoarticular brucellosis and signs of autoimmunity].

Unlabelled: We report two cases of osteoarticular brucellosis in childhood, which illustrate the diagnostic difficulties in non-endemic areas.

Case Report: A 12-year-old boy was admitted for a unilateral sacroiliitis for which the brucellosis origin was established by serological and blood cultures (without fever). Autoimmunity was detected and disappeared following the treatment of the affection.

[Self-healing Hashimoto-Pritzker histiocytosis].

Unlabelled: Congenital 'self-healing' Langerhans' cell histiocytosis of Hashimoto-Pritzker is a rare disease occurring mainly in the neonatal period.

Case Report: We report on the case of a newborn with widespread eruption since birth, consisting of nodules, papulonodules, sometimes with ulcerations and scabs, concerning all the body, with a predilection for the cephalic area and the scalp, without general abnormalities. The clinical examination, histopathological data, immunohistochemistry, and the benign evolution in nine-, 18- and 24-month periods without particular treatment define the diagnosis of congenital self-healing Langerhans' cell histiocytosis of Hashimoto-Pritzker.

Portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy for hereditary stomatocytosis in childhood.

Unlabelled: Portal vein thrombosis is a rare but potentially lethal complication in children requiring splenectomy. We report on a 15-year-old boy with a dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis, who underwent splenectomy and presented a postoperative partial portal vein thrombosis. With prompt heparin therapy, neither propagation of the thrombus nor further cavernous transformation in the following occurred 6 years.

[Micro-morphology of the ovipositor in Hymenoptera and evolution from phytophagous Symphyta to parasitoid Apocrita].

The ovipositor of 1 Symphyta and 12 primitive parasitoid Apocrita belonging of the family of Ichneumonidae has been studied with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and for 2 species, semi-thin sections were used. The study shows the presence of closed trachea in the 3 pairs of valvulae and a secretory system in the 2 pairs of valvulae interlocked into a piercing stylus. We discuss the role of trachea and a secretory system leading to excretory pores on the lancets of valvulae which occupy very precisely the site of sensory chemoreceptors known in more advanced species lacking this secretory system.

Readthrough transcription occurs at the rho dependent signal F1 TIV in suppressor cells.

Suppressor cells infected with bacteriophage f1 yield phage encoded gene IV transcripts longer than those present in the supo host and identical to those found in a rho- host. However, such longer transcripts do not appear in the suppressor-infected cell when, by changing the translation frame of gene IV, the ribosome is not allowed to proceed to the end of the gene IV message and thus to reach the rho dependent transcription terminator f1 TIV. This suggests that ribosome movement beyond the natural gene IV stop codon disturbs the activity of that termination signal.

[Necrotizing enteritis during the therapeutic induction phase in leukemia. Value of surgical treatment].

A case of typhlitis in a 3,5 year old girl, during induction therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia is reported. This typhlitis, or necrotizing enterocolitis involving the coecum and right colon resulted in stercoral peritonitis during the neutropenic phase. After surgery, the patient had a favorable outcome with complete recovery.

[Myocardial infarction, an unrecognized complication of Behçet's disease?].

It the vascular complications of Behcet's disease, especially thrombophlebitis, are well known, coronary involvement in seldom described (less than ten cases in the literature). The two cases reported here, of patients under 45, having presented both a myocardial infarction confirmed by coronary arteriography, lead to bring up first the problem of the causal relationship between disease and necrosis (inflammatory syndrome, thrombogenic tendency, vasospastic aspect), to reach a preventive attitude with, firstly, and extended use of anticoagulants in patients severely affected, in evolutive outbreaks, and then with the easier indication of anti-spastic treatments, mostly calcium blockers.

First experimentation of the Spartacus telethesis in a clinical environment.

A prototype 'telethesis', a telemanipulator for high level tetraplegic and similarly disabled persons, has been developed in the French Spartacus project. The system has a modular control structure, both in the choice of transducers and in the microprocessor programmes assuring the ergonomic link with the individual user. A special training procedure has been developed and tested both in the laboratory and in the hospital.