Crosstalk and communication of cancer-associated fibroblasts with natural killer and dendritic cells: New frontiers and unveiled opportunities for cancer immunotherapy.

Natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) are critical mediators of anti-cancer immune responses. In addition to their individual roles, NK cells and DCs are involved in intercellular crosstalk which is essential for the initiation and coordination of adaptive immunity against cancer. However, NK cell and DC activity is often compromised in the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Dietary Polyphenols Effects on Focal Adhesion Plaques and Metalloproteinases in Cancer Invasiveness.

Focal adhesion plaques (FAPs) play an important role in the communication between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) and in cells' migration. FAPs are macromolecular complexes made by different proteins which also interact with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Because of these fundamental properties, FAPs and MMPs are also involved in cancer cells' invasion and in the metastatic cascade.

A New Medium (HistoCold) for Surgical Specimens Preserving to Improve the Preanalytic Issues in Histopathological Samples Handling: Morphologic and Antigenic Analysis.

The onset of precision medicine has led to the integration of traditional morphologic tissues evaluation with biochemical and molecular data for a more appropriate pathological diagnosis. The preanalytic phase and, particularly, timing of cold ischemia are crucial to guarantee high-quality biorepositories of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues for patients' needs and scientific research. However, delayed fixation using the gold-standard and carcinogenic fixative neutral-buffered formalin (NBF) can be a significant limitation to diagnosis and biopathological characterization.

Prognostic value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I early after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Background: The diagnosis of periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is based on biochemical markers along with clinical and instrumental findings. However, there is not a clear cutoff value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) to identify PMI. We hypothesized that isolated hs-cTn concentrations in the first 24 h following CABG could predict cardiac adverse events (in-hospital death and PMI) and/or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decrease.

Clinical profile and in-hospital outcome of patients supported by intra-aortic balloon pump in the clinical setting of cardiogenic shock.

Background: Despite controversial evidences, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is still the most widely used temporary mechanical support device in cardiogenic shock (CS), as a bridge to recovery or to more invasive mechanical supports/heart transplantation.

Methods: We analyzed retrospectively data of all patients receiving IABP for CS from 2009 to 2018 in a referral centre for advanced heart failure and heart transplantation; we included CS following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and other CS etiologies different from ACS. We excluded patients in which IABP was implanted as a support following cardiac surgery, non-cardiac surgery in patients with severe chronic heart failure, or in elective high risk or complicated Cath Lab procedures.

The Management of Acute Colonic Diverticulitis in the COVID-19 Era: A Scoping Review.

: During the COVID-19 pandemic, health systems worldwide made major changes to their organization, delaying diagnosis and treatment across a broad spectrum of pathologies. Concerning surgery, there was an evident reduction in all elective and emergency activities, particularly for benign pathologies such as acute diverticulitis, for which we have identified a reduction in emergency room presentation with mild forms and an increase with more severe forms. The aim of our review was to discover new data on emergency presentation for patients with acute diverticulitis during the Covid-19 pandemic and their current management, and to define a better methodology for surgical decision-making.

Accuracy and feasibility of SentiMag technique for localization of non-palpable breast lesions.

Background: Non-palpable breast lesions are more frequent now than in the past due to the attention toward the mammary pathology and the screening diffusion; the marking of such lesions is very important for a successful surgery. The SentiMag System uses a magnetic marker that is inoculated transdermal in the breast through an 18-gauge needle.

Methods: Between April 1 and June 30, 2018, 16 patients with non-palpable breast lesions were selected and subjected to surgery using the SentiMag System in our Unit.

Retained sponges in abdomen: an analysis of the judgments of the Italian Supreme Court.

The administration of justice in Italy includes first, second and third instance. The first and second instances are represented by the Court of First Instance and the Court of Appeal: these are judgment of Romamerit. The court of last appeal for both the civil and the criminal jurisdiction is the Court of Cassation, the Italian Supreme Court.

Reduction of postoperative lymphorrhoea in patients undergoing radical lymphadenectomy for stage III melanoma: prospective study using collagen-fibrin patches.

Background: Radical lymph nodes dissection (RLND) is the standard procedure for regional control of disease in patients with metastatic melanoma (stage III). Because of its aggressiveness, lymphorrhoea is a constant problem in postoperative.

Methods: In this prospective nonrandomized study with a retrospective analysis of data, patients undergoing surgical treatment of axillary or iliac-inguinal RLND received standard treatment plus a collagen-fibrin sealant patch (TachoSil) (N.

kOBCS: a novel software calculator program of the Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale (OBCS).

Purpose: The Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale (OBCS) is an objective method that documents the aesthetic changes in breast cancer patients. This work evaluates the kOBCS software (http://www.kobcs.

Surgical treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the duodenum: a literature review.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most frequent mesenchymal tumours in the digestive tract. The duodenal GIST (dGIST) is the rarest subtype, representing only 4-5% of all GIST, but up to 21% of the resected ones. The diagnostic and therapeutic management of dGIST may be difficult due to the rarity of this tumor, its anatomical location, and the clinical behavior that often mimic a variety of conditions; moreover, there is lack of consent for their treatment.

Complications of Cardiac Transplantation.

Purpose Of Review: Despite the improvement in medical therapy for heart failure and the advancements in mechanical circulatory support, heart transplantation (HT) still remains the best therapeutic option to improve survival and quality of life in patients with advanced heart failure. Nevertheless, HT recipients are exposed to the risk of several potential complications that may impair their outcomes. In this article, we aim to provide a practical and scholarly framework for clinicians approaching heart transplant medicine, as well as a concise update for the experienced readers on the most relevant post-HT complications.

Urgency surgical treatment for duodenal GISTs: analysis of aged patients and review of the literature.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms (85%) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract; duodenal GISTs constitute 3-5% of all GISTs and represent 10-30% of all malignant tumours of the duodenum. Rarely, patients present severe bowel obstruction, perforation or severe bleeding. The radical resection with complete removal of the tumour remains the main therapeutic approach.

Clinical Use of Doppler Echocardiography in Organic Mitral Regurgitation: From Diagnosis to Patients' Management.

Knowledge of mitral regurgitation (MR) is essential for any care provider, and not only for those directly involved in the management of cardiovascular diseases. This happens because MR is the most frequent valvular lesion in North America and the second most common form of valve disease requiring surgery in Europe. Furthermore, due to the ageing of the general population and the reduced mortality from acute cardiovascular events, the prevalence of MR is expected to increase further.

Distal pancreatectomy with splenic preservation: A short-term outcome analysis of the Warshaw technique.

Introduction: Spleen-preserving left pancreatectomy (SPDP) with splenic vessels preservation (SVP) or without (Warshaw technique, WT) has been described with robotic, laparoscopy and open surgery. Nevertheless, significant data on medium- and long-term follow-up are still not available, since data in literature are scarce and the level of evidence is low.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we describe and compare short and medium term results of spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy in eight patients.

Autoimmune pancreatitis: a case of difficult diagnosis.

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is an insidious disease of non-specific symptomatology. To make correct diagnosis three different findings must correlate: radiological imaging, serological markers, and histology. This is not easy, and furthermore an incorrect diagnosis can lead to incorrect management and even patient death.

Road accident due to a pancreatic insulinoma: a case report.

Insulinoma is a rare pancreatic endocrine tumor, typically sporadic and solitary. Although the Whipple triad, consisting of hypoglycemia, neuroglycopenic symptoms, and symptoms relief with glucose administration, is often present, the diagnosis may be challenging when symptoms are less typical. We report a case of road accident due to an episode of loss of consciousness in a patient with pancreatic insulinoma.

Robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy in a case of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Background: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy is rarely performed, and it has not been particularly successful due to its technical complexity. The objective of this study is to highlight how robotic surgery could improve a minimally invasive approach and to expose the usefulness of robotic surgery even in complex surgical procedures.

Case Presentation: The surgical technique employed in our center to perform a pancreaticoduodenectomy, which was by means of the da Vinci™ robotic system in order to remove a duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor, is reported.

The clavicular part of the pectoralis major: a true entity of the upper limb on anatomical, phylogenetic, ontogenetic, functional and clinical bases. Case report and review of the literature.

The pectoralis major consists of three parts: clavicular, sternocostal and abdominal. The first is usually separated from the deltoid by a deltopectoral triangular space, and often from the sternocostal part by another triangular space. The clavicular part is a new acquisition in Anthropoids, to optimize stabilization of the upper limb to the thorax thus permitting an increased limb mobility in Primates.

A rare nosological entity: the perforated solitary cecal diverticulum. Research article.

Aim: To describe three cases of solitary cecal diverticulum, and trying to evaluate the better method of diagnosis and treatment with analysis of the literature.

Material Of Study: Description of three cases of solitary cecal diverticulum's perforation admitted in the Department of General and Oncologic Surgery, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, during the period January 2011 - January 2012.

Results: In all patients the clinical presentation was very similar to that of acute appendicitis.

Case series of non-operative management vs. operative management of splenic injury after blunt trauma.

Background: The spleen is the most easily injured organ in abdominal trauma. The conservative, operative approach has been challenged by several reports of successful non-operative management aided by the power of modern diagnostic imaging. The aim of our retrospective study was to compare non-operative management with surgery for cases of splenic injury.

The integrated role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of soft tissue metastases from melanoma: preliminary report of a single-center experience and literature review.

Currently melanoma has the fastest growing incidence of all cancers in men and the second in women (after lung cancer) in Western countries. Since prognosis of skin melanoma is excellent in early stages but dramatically worsens in advanced stages, an early diagnosis is fundamental in granting patients a favorable outcome. Sentinel node (SN) biopsy represents the gold standard for accurately staging melanoma, but other tests are commonly endorsed both in the initial staging work-up and in the follow-up, such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT)-scan and positron emission tomography (PET)-CT.

Occurrence of Fatal and Nonfatal Adverse Outcomes after Heart Transplantation in Patients with Pretransplant Noncytotoxic HLA Antibodies.

HLA antibodies (HLA ab) in transplant candidates have been associated with poor outcome. However, clinical relevance of noncytotoxic antibodies after heart transplant (HT) is controversial. By using a Luminex-based HLA screening, we retested pretransplant sera from HT recipients testing negative for cytotoxic HLA ab and for prospective crossmatch.