IgG rheumatoid factors and staphylococcal protein A bind to a common molecular site on IgG.

The antigenic determinant on the Fc region of human IgG for two IgG rheumatoid factors (IgG-RF) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis were investigated in detail. The RF did not interact with IgG fragments that contained the C gamma 2 or C gamma 3 region alone, but required the presence of both regions for binding. The RF binding to solid-phase IgG were poorly inhibited by the IgG3 subclass and strongly inhibited by staphylococcal protein A (SPA) (42 kD), and fragment D of SPA (7 kD), indicating that the binding site is most likely the same as the Ga antigenic determinant described for IgM-RF, and is in the same location as the site on IgG that binds SPA.

Stable abnormalities in the lateralisation of early cortical somatosensory evoked potentials in schizophrenic patients.

During the investigation of somatosensory evoked cortical potentials arising from a complex vibro-tactile stimulus to the forefingers, an abnormal lack of lateralisation of response was found in 10 out of 21 schizophrenic patients. Eight patients with severe affective illness all had the expected degree of lateralisation of cortical potentials, as did 12 out of 15 normals. Three normals and 3 schizophrenic patients had a loss of lateralisation of the evoked response on stimulation of one hand but a normal lateralisation on stimulation of the other.

Problems associated with iridium-192 wire implants.

Three incidents are reported, from different radiotherapy centres, in which an implanted iridium-192 wire remained in the tissues of a patient after withdrawal of the plastic tubing in which it was contained. In each case the instrument used to cut the wire had probably formed a hook on the end of the wire which caused it to catch in the tissues. Detailed recommendations are made for avoiding such incidents in the future, the most important of which is that the patient should be effectively monitored after the supposed removal of all radioactive sources.

Heterogeneity in the sizes of proteins which diffuse across the outer membrane barrier of bacteria.

Proteins of both small and large molecular sizes diffuse together across the outer membrane barrier of bacterial cells. Once outside, the proteins present in convenient extracts react in agar-gel diffusions against correspondingly antibacterial induced antibodies by precipitation lines that occur at various distances from the wells containing the antigens. The distances between the precipitation lines depend on the velocity with which the proteins are moving in the agar gel; their speed is a result of the molecular sizes of the proteins.

Specific proteins common to Salmonella paratyphi B and C.

A serum prepared with proteins from Salmonella paratyphi C precipitates indiscriminately the proteins from numerous heterologous Salmonellae. After different absorptions, that eliminate all the antibodies induced against common E. coli and Salmonellae determinants, a specific precipitation of a S.

Cloning of genes involved in pathogenicity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris using the broad host range cosmid pLAFR1.

A genomic library was prepared in Escherichia coli from DNA of wild-type Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (aetiological agent of crucifer black rot), partially digested with endonuclease EcoRI, using the mobilisable broad host range cosmid vector pLAFR1. Recombinant plasmids contained inserts ranging in size from 19.

Agglutinogens, White's 'Q' substance and the common proteins of Enterobacteriaceae.

Reassessment of the antigens involved in the cross-relation of Enterobacteriaceae point to the common proteins first discovered by White (1932) and named substance Q. All the serological characteristics of substance Q, as described by White, are identical with those obtained with pure enterobacterial proteins.

Molecular biology of spiroplasma plasmids.

With one exception, all spiroplasma strains examined contained extrachromosomal DNA, most of which was in the form of covalently closed circular plasmids. One plasmid, pIJ2000, carried by Spiroplasma citri strain ASP-1, was purified and characterized and used to probe for related plasmids in other strains. Unsuccessful attempts were made to clone pIJ2000 into Escherichia coli using the vectors pAT153 and pBR322.

Inherent characteristics of visual stimulus systems and their effect on the visual evoked potential.

The inherent stimulus characteristics of three common types of visual stimulus systems, based upon a slide projector, a television and a photic stimulator, were measured. The effect of these characteristics upon pattern visual evoked potentials (VEPS) elicited by the systems was also investigated. Considerable differences in both spatial and temporal luminance characteristics were found between the systems.

The absence of introns within a human fibroblast interferon gene.

Experiments in which immobilised restriction fragments of genomic DNA were hybridised with a cloned human fibroblast interferon cDNA indicate that the homologous chromosomal genes exist in only one basic arrangement. This is in marked contrast to recent studies by Nagata et al. (1) showing that there are at least eight gene arrangements for human leukocyte interferon.

Classification and actual antigenic composition of Salmonellae.

The synthesis by Enterobacteriaceae grown on artificial media of proteins, with a diversity of specificities previously found with the help of antiprotein sera, is confirmed with antibacterial sera prepared with species belonging to different serogroups. An earlier recognition of the existence of these materials was hindered by the devised schemes of classification and the claims relating 'O' factors to the bacterial polysaccharides. The synthesis, on artificial media, of mixtures of heterologous proteins by all the analysed species is no proof that their behaviour in vivo is identical; notwithstanding their high amounts in the mixtures, few of the heterologous proteins are involved in cross-protection of a host against its natural pathogen.

Polysaccharides and their common proteinic carrier in the Vi antigens of Citrobacter ballerup and Salmonella typhi Ty2.

Immunochemical analysis of Citrobacter ballerup and Salmonella typhi Ty2 showed that the strains share native and heat-resistant proteins that are, apparently, the carriers of a common polysaccharidic determinant present in their respective somatic antigens. After the classic acetic acid hydrolysis, the somatic antigen of C. ballerup reacted, in agar gel, against the homologous antiserum by two precipitation lines, one of which also precipitated against the anti S, typhi Ty2 serum; the hydrolysis of the S.

Response format and coding procedures in research on time perspective: a methodological commentary.

The dimension of time perspective for extension of personal future was examined as it may be affected by response format and coding procedures. A total of 75 undergraduate students responded to a questionnaire containing one of three formats for reporting anticipated future life-events, varying in the structure imposed on responding. Temporal estimates of life-event occurrence were coded using two procedures, each of which permitted a near and a far value.

Why are the killed S. typhi vaccines ineffective.

The mosaic of proteins synthesized by S. typhi, S. enteritidis and E.

Complete structure of the hemagglutinin gene from the human influenza A/Victoria/3/75 (H3N2) strain as determined from cloned DNA.

The complete sequence of a hemagglutinin (HA) gene of a recent human influenza A strain, A/Victoria/3/75, is 1768 nucleotides long and contains the information for 567 amino acids. It codes for a signal peptide of 16 amino acids, the HA1 chain of the mature hemagglutinin of 329 amino acids, a connecting region between HA1 and HA2 consisting of a single arginine residue and the HA2 portion of 221 amiino acids. The sequence is compared with the hemagglutinin of two members of other subtypes, the human H2 strain A/Jap/305/57 and the avian Hav1 strain A/FPV/Rostock/34, and with one of the same H3 subtype, A/Memphis/3/72.

Ascertainment of the presence in enterobacteriaceae of mixtures of proteins with salmonellae and E. coli specificities.

Comparative agar-gel diffusions of sera to proteins from E. coli O 126 and from S. enteritidis and samples of the sera absorbed with heterologous proteins proved that all were mixtures of antigens with specificities of common Salmonellae and E.

The mosaic of proteins synthesized by Salmonella typhimurium.

A profusion of proteins with heterologous serological specificities was synthesized by S. typhimurium grown on artificial media; accordingly, sera prepared in rabbits with these proteins displayed an abundance of antibodies reacting, in agar gel, against numerous heterologous proteins. the absorption of the sera with different Enterobacterial proteins proved that the S.

Unusual antigenic composition of an Arizona strain.

The immunochemical analysis of Arizona strain 23:23:30:42 displayed a peculiar antigenic composition. Hyperimmune sera prepared in rabbits with formaldehyde-treated bacteria precipitated, in agar-gel, the proteins from numerous Salmonellae and E. coli by homogenous lines of apparent serological identity with the Arizona proteins.

A comparison of formulated liquid diets.

A wide variety of formulated liquid diets are currently available on the Canadian market. Used for oral and tube feedings, they are nutritionally complete diets when offered as the sole source of nourishment for patients who are unable or unwilling to take solid food. To assist dietitians in identifying formulas most suited to patients' requirements, products are listed according to nutrient composition, caloric density, osmolality and packaging.

Complete nucleotide sequence of an influenza virus haemagglutinin gene from cloned DNA.

A synthetic fowl plague virus (FPV) haemagglutinin gene has been cloned in bacteria and the complete sequence of the RNA gene deduced. It is 1,742 nucleotides long and the mRNA codes for 56.3 amino acids in an uninterrupted sequence.