Prediction of pathologic complete response after single-dose MR-guided partial breast irradiation in low-risk breast cancer patients: the ABLATIVE-2 trial-a study protocol.

Background: Partial breast irradiation (PBI) is standard of care in low-risk breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Pre-operative PBI can result in tumor downstaging and more precise target definition possibly resulting in less treatment-related toxicity. This study aims to assess the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate one year after MR-guided single-dose pre-operative PBI in low-risk breast cancer patients.

Characterizing the Bone Marrow Environment in Advanced-Stage Myelofibrosis during Ruxolitinib Treatment Using PET/CT and MRI: A Pilot Study.

Current diagnostic criteria for myelofibrosis are largely based on bone marrow (BM) biopsy results. However, these have several limitations, including sampling errors. Explorative studies have indicated that imaging might form an alternative for the evaluation of disease activity, but the heterogeneity in BM abnormalities complicates the choice for the optimal technique.

Incidence of testicular cancer in trans women using gender-affirming hormonal treatment: a nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To assess the incidence of testicular cancer in trans women (male sex assigned at birth, female gender identity) using gender-affirming hormonal treatment.

Patients And Methods: Data of trans women starting hormonal treatment at our gender identity clinic between 1972 and 2017 were linked to the national pathology database to obtain testicular cancer diagnoses. The standardised incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated using the number of observed testicular cancer cases in our cohort and the number of expected cases based on age-specific Dutch incidence rates.

Frequency and outcomes of benign breast biopsies in trans women: A nationwide cohort study.

No literature is available on the benign versus malignant breast lesion ratio in trans women (male sex assigned at birth, female gender identity). As hormone treatment in trans women results in breast tissue histologically comparable with cis (non-trans) women, breast pathology may be expected. Previously, an increased breast cancer risk compared with cis men have been observed.

Localized Peritumoral AL Amyloidosis Associated With Mantle Cell Lymphoma With Plasmacytic Differentiation.

Immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis is characterized by the deposition of amyloid fibers derived from pathologic immunoglobulin light chains. Although systemic plasma cell neoplasms are the most common cause of AL amyloidosis, a subset of cases is caused by B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders such as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma or extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Recently, SOX11-negative IGH hypermutated mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is recognized to show frequent plasmacytic differentiation and indolent clinical course.

Viral presence and immunopathology in patients with lethal COVID-19: a prospective autopsy cohort study.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) targets multiple organs and causes severe coagulopathy. Histopathological organ changes might not only be attributable to a direct virus-induced effect, but also the immune response. The aims of this study were to assess the duration of viral presence, identify the extent of inflammatory response, and investigate the underlying cause of coagulopathy.

[Prioritising breast cancer care during the corona crisis].

Over the past few months, regular care has been postponed where possible in order to increase the healthcare capacity for COVID-19 patients. The pressure imposed on the healthcare system by the new coronavirus has led to the need for the prioritising of breast cancer care. Several professional scientific and medical organisations have published proposals to prioritise oncological care.

Prognostic value of histopathological DCIS features in a large-scale international interrater reliability study.

Purpose: For optimal management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), reproducible histopathological assessment is essential to distinguish low-risk from high-risk DCIS. Therefore, we analyzed interrater reliability of histopathological DCIS features and assessed their associations with subsequent ipsilateral invasive breast cancer (iIBC) risk.

Methods: Using a case-cohort design, reliability was assessed in a population-based, nationwide cohort of 2767 women with screen-detected DCIS diagnosed between 1993 and 2004, treated by breast-conserving surgery with/without radiotherapy (BCS ± RT) using Krippendorff's alpha (KA) and Gwet's AC2 (GAC2).

Prostate Cancer Incidence under Androgen Deprivation: Nationwide Cohort Study in Trans Women Receiving Hormone Treatment.

Context: Trans women (male sex assigned at birth, female gender identity) mostly use antiandrogens combined with estrogens and can subsequently undergo vaginoplasty including orchiectomy. Because the prostate remains in situ after this procedure, trans women are still at risk for prostate cancer.

Objective: To assess the incidence of prostate cancer in trans women using hormone treatment.

Label-free stimulated Raman scattering imaging reveals silicone breast implant material in tissue.

Millions of women worldwide have silicone breast implants. It has been reported that implant failure occurs in approximately a tenth of patients within 10 years, and the consequences of dissemination of silicone debris are poorly understood. Currently, silicone detection in histopathological slides is based on morphological features as no specific immunohistochemical technique is available.

The molecular genetic make-up of male breast cancer.

Male breast cancer (MBC) is extremely rare and accounts for less than 1% of all breast malignancies. Therefore, clinical management of MBC is currently guided by research on the disease in females. In this study, DNA obtained from 45 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) MBCs with and 90 MBCs (52 FFPE and 38 fresh-frozen) without matched normal tissues was subjected to massively parallel sequencing targeting all exons of 1943 cancer-related genes.

Breast cancer risk in transgender people receiving hormone treatment: nationwide cohort study in the Netherlands.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and characteristics of breast cancer in transgender people in the Netherlands compared with the general Dutch population.

Design: Retrospective, nationwide cohort study.

Setting: Specialised tertiary gender clinic in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Second and third harmonic generation microscopy visualizes key structural components in fresh unprocessed healthy human breast tissue.

Real-time assessment of excised tissue may help to improve surgical results in breast tumor surgeries. Here, as a step towards this purpose, the potential of second and third harmonic generation (SHG, THG) microscopy is explored. SHG and THG are nonlinear optical microscopic techniques that do not require labeling of tissue to generate 3D images with intrinsic depth-sectioning at sub-cellular resolution.

A practical cytological approach to the diagnosis of breast-implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

The role of cytopathology in malignant lymphoma is largely restricted to primary screening in patients with lymphadenopathy of unknown causes and evaluation of relapse and transformation during follow-up of patients with known and fully classified malignant lymphoma. Few lymphoma diagnoses fully rely on cytology, although breast-implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma is currently the centre of clinical attention. Due to the major attention both in the medical and lay media for the recently substantiated high lymphoma risk in women with breast implants, cytopathology departments now frequently receive seroma fluid aspirates with this specific differential diagnostic consideration.

Structure of sticky-hard-sphere random aggregates: The viewpoint of contact coordination and tetrahedra.

We study more than 10^{4} random aggregates of 10^{6} monodisperse sticky hard spheres each, generated by various static algorithms. Their packing fraction varies from 0.370 up to 0.

Characterizing steroid hormone receptor chromatin binding landscapes in male and female breast cancer.

Male breast cancer (MBC) is rare and poorly characterized. Like the female counterpart, most MBCs are hormonally driven, but relapse after hormonal treatment is also noted. The pan-hormonal action of steroid hormonal receptors, including estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), androgen receptor (AR), progesterone receptor (PR), and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in this understudied tumor type remains wholly unexamined.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast-conserving surgery - Consequences on margin status and excision volumes: A nationwide pathology study.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is increasingly used in patients with operable disease due to the potential of converting patients requiring mastectomy to breast conserving surgery (BCS) or lowering resection volumes to improve cosmetic outcome. This nationwide retrospective study aims to determine margin status and specimen volume in patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent BCS after NACT.

Methods: All patients who underwent BCS in 2012-2013 for invasive breast cancer were selected from a nationwide network and registry of histology and cytopathology in the Netherlands (PALGA).

A nationwide pathology study on surgical margins and excision volumes after breast-conserving surgery: There is still much to be gained.

Aim Of The Study: The current study aims to assess margin status in relation to amount of healthy breast tissue resected in breast-conserving surgery (BCS) on a nationwide scale.

Methods: Using PALGA (a nationwide network and registry of histology and cytopathology in the Netherlands), all patients who underwent BCS for primary invasive carcinoma in 2012-13 were selected (10,058 excerpts). 9276 pathology excerpts were analyzed for a range of criteria including oncological margin status and distance to closest margin, specimen weight/volume, greatest tumor diameter, and with or without localization method.

Is breast specimen shrinkage really a problem in breast-conserving surgery?

Background: Breast-conserving surgery currently focuses on improving margin clearance and excision volume, the main pathology report parameters for oncological and cosmetic outcomes.

Aim: To quantitatively evaluate discrepancies in surgical and pathological estimates of breast specimen sizes, including the influence of formalin fixation.

Methods: This prospective multicentre study included 68 breast specimens of consecutive patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer in three affiliated hospitals between November 2010 to May 2011.

[Susceptibility to varicella among health care workers. Acceptability and response to vaccination].

Background And Objective: To determine the prevalence of health care workers (HCW) susceptibility to varicella zoster virus (VZV). As a secondary objective, we describe the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of the vaccine.

Subjects And Methods: A multicenter analytic cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 hospitals in Catalonia, Spain, in a total of 1,111 HCW, aged between 18-60 years.

Intestinal ischaemia caused by mesenteric inflammatory veno-occlusive disease.

Mesenteric inflammatory veno-occlusive disease (MIVOD) is a rare cause of intestinal ischaemia. Previously described cases of MIVOD demonstrate vasculitis in mesenteric veins with thrombotic occlusion. It is important to distinguish MIVOD from other diseases, such as mesenteric venous thrombosis and systemic diseases.

Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in women with breast implants.

Context: Recently, we identified 2 patients with anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (ALCL) negative for tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK-negative) in the fibrous capsule of silicone breast prostheses, placed for cosmetic reasons. Similar cases have been reported in the literature. Although an increased risk of ALCL in patients with breast prostheses has been speculated, no studies have been conducted so far.

T/NK cell lymphoma presenting as a "blocked nose".

We present the case of a 63-year-old Caucasian male who complained of persistent rhinitis and sinusitis accompanied by a total left-sided nasal blockage. The diagnosis nasal T/NK cell lymphoma was established by histopathological investigation. This case was diagnosed as stage IE lymphoma as no other sites were involved.