Seeing the Big Picture: Sustaining Success in Liaison Services.

While the liaison program at the Tompkins-McCaw Library for the Health Sciences has existed for more than 15 years, it has yet to be fully evaluated. This article seeks to evaluate the scope and impact of the program at a broad level using quantitative and qualitative data. Descriptive statistics to summarize liaison activity were collected for the fiscal years 2012-2016.

Breast MRI as an adjunct to mammography for breast cancer screening in high-risk patients: retrospective review.

Objective: In July 2011, the provincial government of Ontario, Canada, approved funding for the addition of annual breast MRI to mammography screening for all women 30-69 years old considered to be at high risk for breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of screening breast MRI as compared with mammography in a population-based high-risk screening program.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review identified 650 eligible high-risk women who underwent screening breast MRI and mammography between July 2011 and January 2013 at one institution.

Are researcher development interventions, alone or in any combination, effective in improving researcher behavior? A systematic review.

Academic institutions funded by the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program of the National Institutes of Health were challenged recently by the Institute of Medicine to expand traditional mentoring of graduate and postdoctoral scholars to include training and continuing education for faculty, professional staff, and community partners. A systematic review was conducted to determine whether researcher development interventions, alone or in any combination, are effective in improving researcher behavior. PubMed, CINAHL, and Education Research Complete databases and select journals were searched for relevant articles published from January 2000 through October 2012.

Optical properties of solid-core photonic crystal fibers filled with nonlinear absorbers.

A theoretical and experimental investigation of the transmission of solid-core photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) filled with nonlinear absorbers shows a sharp change in the threshold for optical limiting and in leakage loss as the refractive index of the material in the holes approaches that of the glass matrix. Theoretical calculations of the mode profiles and leakage loss of the PCF are in agreement with experimental results and indicate that the change in limiting response is due to the interaction of the evanescent field of the guided mode with the nonlinear absorbers in the holes.

The role of feedback and dot presentation format in younger and older adults' number estimation.

Numerosity estimation, the rapid assessment of the number of items in a visual scene, is historically inaccurate. We assessed whether providing feedback regarding the correct numerosity on either 0%, 50%, or 100% of the trials would affect younger and older adults' estimation accuracy for randomized, clustered (i.e.

Kinetic models reveal the in vivo mechanisms of mutagenesis in microbes and man.

This review summarizes the evidence indicating that mutagenic mechanisms in vivo are essentially the same in all living cells. Unique metabolic reactions to a particular environmental stress apparently target specific genes for increased rates of transcription and mutation, resulting in higher mutation rates for those genes most likely to solve the problem. Kinetic models which have demonstrated predictive value are described and are shown to simulate mutagenesis in vivo in Escherichia coli, the p53 tumor suppressor gene, and somatic hypermutation.

Evolution of coordinated mutagenesis and somatic hypermutation in VH5.

The VH5 human antibody gene was analyzed using a computer program (mfg) which simulates transcription, to better understand transcription-driven mutagenesis events that occur during "phase 1" of somatic hypermutation. Results show that the great majority of mutations in the non-transcribed strand occur within loops of two predicted high-stability stem-loop structures, termed SLSs 14.9 and 13.

The roles of transcription and genotoxins underlying p53 mutagenesis in vivo.

Transcription drives supercoiling which forms and stabilizes single-stranded (ss) DNA secondary structures with loops exposing G and C bases that are intrinsically mutable and vulnerable to non-enzymatic hydrolytic reactions. Since many studies in prokaryotes have shown direct correlations between the frequencies of transcription and mutation, we conducted in silico analyses using the computer program, mfg, which simulates transcription and predicts the location of known mutable bases in loops of high-stability secondary structures. Mfg analyses of the p53 tumor suppressor gene predicted the location of mutable bases and mutation frequencies correlated with the extent to which these mutable bases were exposed in secondary structures.

Refocusing reference services outside the library building: one library's experience.

In response to changing user needs, the library sought ways to meet new challenges and engage users outside of the building. Librarians were removed from the service desk in order to offer support at locations around campus. The service desk in the library was staffed primarily by paraprofessionals with librarians providing support as needed.

Health information seeking, receipt, and use in diabetes self-management.

Purpose: Diabetes self-management is essential for diabetes control, yet little is known about patient preferences for sources of health information or about the extent to which information is sought directly or received passively through various media sources. The aim of this qualitative study was to identify how individuals with diabetes seek and use health care information.

Methods: Using a health information model to guide our research, we conducted 9 focus groups with 46 adults with a diagnosis of diabetes and then analyzed the transcripts and notes from these focus groups.

Power, trust, and Science of Unitary Human Beings influence political leadership: a celebration of Barrett's power theory.

The importance of nurses' participation in health policy leadership is discussed within the context of Rogers' science of unitary human beings, Barrett's power theory, and one nurse-politician's experience. Nurses have a major role to play in resolving public policy issues that influence the health of people. A brief review of the history of nurses in the political arena is presented.

Optical limiting properties of nonlinear multimode waveguide arrays.

An experimental investigation of the transmission of multimode capillary waveguide arrays containing a liquid nonlinear absorber shows an enhanced nonlinear response relative to that found in a single waveguide and to the same length of bulk material. Comparison of the nonlinear response of arrays with different pitch to diameter (d/Lambda) ratios confirm that both the intensity distribution within an individual waveguide and coupling between the elements of the array influence the overall nonlinear response.

I. VH gene transcription creates stabilized secondary structures for coordinated mutagenesis during somatic hypermutation.

During the adaptive immune response, antigen challenge triggers a million-fold increase in mutation rates in the variable-region antibody genes. The frequency of mutation is causally and directly linked to transcription, which provides ssDNA and drives supercoiling that stabilizes secondary structures containing unpaired, intrinsically mutable bases. Simulation analysis of transcription in VH5 reveals a dominant 65nt secondary structure in the non-transcribed strand containing six sites of mutable ssDNA that have also been identified independently in human B cell lines and in primary mouse B cells.

II. Correlations between secondary structure stability and mutation frequency during somatic hypermutation.

The role of secondary structures and base mutability at different levels of transcription and supercoiling is analyzed in variable region antibody genes VH5, VH94 and VH186.2. The data are consistent with a model of somatic hypermutation in which increasing levels of transcription and secondary structure stability correlate with the initial formation of successive mutable sites.

Secondary structures as predictors of mutation potential in the lacZ gene of Escherichia coli.

Four independent nonsense mutations were engineered into the Escherichia coli chromosomal lacZ gene, and reversion rates back to LacZ(+) phenotypes were determined. The mutation potential of bases within putative DNA secondary structures formed during transcription was predicted by a sliding-window analysis that simulates successive folding of the ssDNA creating these structures. The relative base mutabilities predicted by the mfg computer program correlated with experimentally determined reversion rates in three of the four mutants analysed.

The evolution of Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings: 21st century reflections.

The purpose of this article is to reflect on the state of Martha E. Rogers' science of unitary human beings as it has evolved over the past 40 years, with particular attention to the decade since her death. Although Rogers never updated her 1970 book, revised concepts and principles of homeodynamics, as reported in other publications, are discussed.

Mechanisms of genotoxin-induced transcription and hypermutation in p53.

It is widely assumed that genotoxin-induced damage (e.g., G-to-T transversions) to the tumor suppressor gene, p53, is a direct cause of cancer.

The effect of promoter strength, supercoiling and secondary structure on mutation rates in Escherichia coli.

Four mutations resulting in opal stop codons were individually engineered into a plasmid-borne chloramphenicol-resistance (cat) gene driven by the lac promoter. These four mutations were located at different sites in secondary structures. The mutations were analysed with the computer program mfg, which predicted their relative reversion frequencies.

Pulse compression using a tapered microstructure optical fiber.

We calculate the pulse compression in a tapered microstructure optical fiber with four layers of holes. We show that the primary limitation on pulse compression is the loss due to mode leakage. As a fiber's diameter decreases due to the tapering, so does the air-hole diameter, and at a sufficiently small diameter the guided mode loss becomes unacceptably high.