Effects of an Avocado-based Mediterranean Diet on Serum Lipids for Secondary Prevention after Ischemic Stroke Trial (ADD-SPISE): Study protocol.

Background:: A poor or unhealthy diet is responsible for an important fraction of ischemic stroke risk. Adherence to dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, rich in monounsaturated fatty acids mainly from olive oil, is associated with a lower stroke risk. Furthermore, lowering low-density cholesterol (LDL-C) levels decreases stroke recurrence.

The GRADE approach, Part 2: Evidence to decision frameworksoutlining decision-making in health.

The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology provides a framework for assessing the certainty of the evidence and making recommendations. The Evidence to Decision Framework (EtD) is a transparent and structured system for formulating health recommendations. Once the problem is identified and the certainty of the evidence is assessed, EtD provides several criteria for formulating a recommendation.

The GRADE approach, Part 1: how to assess the certainty of the evidence.

The certainty of the evidence for interventions is the certainty or confidence that the true effect is within a particular range or relative to a threshold. In the new pyramid of evidence, systematic reviews represent the magnifying glass through which this certainty is evaluated. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach arises in response to the existence of multiple evidence classification systems, and it offers a transparent and structured process to develop and present summaries of evidence considering its certainty and, in a second step, the strength of the recommendations that they inform.

Tuberculosis and its associated factors in a city in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro.

Introduction: The occurrence of tuberculosis has been related to the spatial organization and improvement of the living conditions of the population. However, this relationship is not directly related and tuberculosis illness involves processes at different levels of organization.

Method: An ecological study analyzing the relationship between living conditions and tuberculosis in the city of Niteroi, Brazil.