3D-Printed Replica and Porcine Explants for Pre-Clinical Optimization of Endoscopic Tumor Treatment by Magnetic Targeting.

Background: Animal models have limitations in cancer research, especially regarding anatomy-specific questions. An example is the exact endoscopic placement of magnetic field traps for the targeting of therapeutic nanoparticles. Three-dimensional-printed human replicas may be used to overcome these pitfalls.

Defining Near-Term to Long-Term Research Opportunities to Advance Metrics, Models, and Methods for Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing.

Over the past century, research has focused on continuously improving the performance of manufacturing processes and systems-often measured in terms of cost, quality, productivity, and material and energy efficiency. With the advent of smart manufacturing technologies-better production equipment, sensing technologies, computational methods, and data analytics applied from the process to enterprise levels-the potential for sustainability performance improvement is tremendous. Sustainable manufacturing seeks the best balance of a variety of performance measures to satisfy and optimize the goals of all stakeholders.