Brentuximab vedotin as frontline treatment for HIV-related extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare and aggressive herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) driven B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) that is usually associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and has a poor prognosis. PEL is comprised of two clinically distinct but pathologically similar variants: classic and extracavitary PEL. Based on retrospective series, treatment options include combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in conjunction with chemotherapy regimens used in other forms of NHLs.

Biopsy of suspicious bone lesions in patients with a single known malignancy: prevalence of a second malignancy.

Objective: The probability that a suspicious bone lesion in a patient with one known malignancy is actually due to a second, previously unknown primary malignancy has been reported to be 2-8%. We sought to determine this prevalence as well as that of benign diagnoses in a larger number of patients in a tertiary cancer center.

Materials And Methods: The medical records of 482 consecutive patients (254 women and 228 men) with only one known primary malignancy each (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and who underwent biopsy of a suspicious bone lesion were retrospectively reviewed.

PET/CT image fusion error due to urinary bladder filling changes: consequence and correction.

Objective: A considerable change of urinary bladder (UB) shape in PET compared with CT in integrated PET/CT system is frequently noted. This study initially evaluated this finding with and without oral contrast (OC) use. In addition, a one bed pelvic section (PLV) repeat acquisition was investigated as a solution to this problem.

Value of precise localization of recurrent multiple myeloma with F-18 FDG PET/CT.

A 37-year-old man with multiple myeloma in remission underwent routine fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) study for disease restaging. Both FDG-PET and CT images showed focal abnormalities in the region of the T6 vertebra, but the fused images that are routinely provided with PET/CT could precisely localize the FDG active lesion to a soft tissue focus in the epidural space, away from a lytic nonactive vertebral body lesion despite their close proximity. The PET/CT scan identified a few other metabolically active osseous lesions out of many lytic bony changes throughout the skeleton.

Evaluation of different methods of 18F-FDG-PET target volume delineation in the radiotherapy of head and neck cancer.

Objective: To quantify differences between the alternative methods of F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)-based delineation of the gross tumor volume in patients with head and neck cancer.

Materials And Methods: Twelve patients with locally-advanced head and neck carcinomas were studied. The reference gross tumor volume (GTVref) was established by a radiation oncologist, along with a neuroradiologist, using the computed tomography-simulation and diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging data.

Impact of PET/CT in comparison with same day contrast enhanced CT in breast cancer management.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography with fused computerized tomography (PET/CT) in comparison with same day contrast enhanced CT (CE-CT) in breast cancer management.

Method: Seventy studies in 49 breast cancer patients, 17 for initial and 53 for restaging disease were included. All patients underwent PET/CT for diagnostic purposes followed by CE-CT scans of selected body regions.

Scintigraphic visualization of an epigastric sentinel node in recurrent breast cancer after lumpectomy and postoperative radiation therapy.

Sentinel node imaging and biopsy have become standard procedures for staging early breast cancer. Positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy necessitates the need for axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Failure to visualize a sentinel lymph node in recurrent breast cancer after treatment by surgery, chemotherapy, and high-dose postoperative radiation therapy is almost the case in every patient.

The distinctive role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in breast carcinoma with brown adipose tissue 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose uptake.

The diagnostic power of an integrated positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) system for whole-body 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) imaging is clearly demonstrated in this case report. The precise anatomic localization of FDG uptake with CT in a PET/CT scan of a patient with known breast carcinoma helped identify a contralateral breast tumor with axillary lymph node metastasis despite the presence of extensive physiologic brown fat FDG uptake. Accordingly, the patient received appropriate surgical management and pathologic confirmation of the disease.