Depression-Anxiety Coupling Strength as a predictor of relapse in major depressive disorder: A CAN-BIND wellness monitoring study report.

Background: A critical challenge in the study and management of major depressive disorder (MDD) is predicting relapse. We examined the temporal correlation/coupling between depression and anxiety (called Depression-Anxiety Coupling Strength, DACS) as a predictor of relapse in patients with MDD.

Methods: We followed 97 patients with remitted MDD for an average of 394 days.

Antecedents of major depressive, bipolar, and psychotic disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Major depressive, bipolar, or psychotic disorders are preceded by earlier manifestations in behaviours and experiences. We present a synthesis of evidence on associations between person-level antecedents (behaviour, performance, psychopathology) in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood and later onsets of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or psychotic disorder based on prospective studies published up to September 16, 2022. We screened 11,342 records, identified 460 eligible publications, and extracted 570 risk ratios quantifying the relationships between 52 antecedents and onsets in 198 unique samples with prospective follow-up of 122,766 individuals from a mean age of 12.

Preferences for virtual versus in-person mental and physical healthcare in Canada: a descriptive study from a cohort of youth and their parents enriched for severe mental illness.

Background: Virtual care may improve access to healthcare and may be well suited to digitally connected youth, but experts caution that privacy and technology barriers could perpetuate access inequities. Success of virtual care will depend on its alignment with patient preferences. However, information on preferences for virtual and in-person healthcare is missing, especially for youth.

Cognitive behavioural therapy for social anxiety disorder in people with bipolar disorder: a case series.

Background: Social anxiety disorder increases the likelihood of unfavourable outcomes in people with bipolar disorder. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is the first-line treatment for social anxiety disorder. However, people with bipolar disorder have been excluded from the studies that this recommendation is based on.

Developmental Trajectory of Body Weight in Youths at Risk for Major Mood Disorders.

Importance: Mood disorders are associated with increased body weight, especially in females, but it remains unknown when the weight increase starts.

Objectives: To examine sex-specific weight trajectories associated with familial mood disorder risk and determine the age at which youth at familial risk for mood disorders begin to diverge in weight from controls.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This community-based, single-center, acceleration cohort study of youth at familial risk for mood disorders and controls with yearly follow-ups (mean [SD], 5 [2.

Transdiagnostic risk of mental disorders in offspring of affected parents: a meta-analysis of family high-risk and registry studies.

The offspring of parents with mental disorders are at increased risk for developing mental disorders themselves. The risk to offspring may extend transdiagnostically to disorders other than those present in the parents. The literature on this topic is vast but mixed.

Depressive symptoms in youth before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal investigation of patterns dependent on age, sex, and family history of mental illness.

Background: Cross-sectional studies report high levels of depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in youth and females. However, longitudinal research comparing depressive symptoms before and during the pandemic is lacking. Little is known about how the pandemic affected individuals with familial history of mental illness.

Familial traits of bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Genetic studies of bipolar disorder (BD) have shown varied results, which is in part because of the heterogeneity of the disorder. Identifying clinical phenotypes of BD could reduce variability and benefit research. Since BD has a robust genetic component, studies can investigate clinical traits that cluster in families to identify phenotypes with a probable genetic basis.

Sex-Specific Transmission of Anxiety Disorders From Parents to Offspring.

Importance: Although anxiety disorders are known to run in families, the relative contribution of genes and environment is unclear. Patterns of sex-specific transmission of anxiety may point to different pathways in how parents pass anxiety disorders down to their children; however, the association of parent and offspring sex with the transmission of anxiety disorders has not been previously studied.

Objective: To examine whether the transmission of anxiety from parents to children is sex specific.

Parental Overprotection and Sleep Problems in Young Children.

Poor sleep in children predicts mental and physical disorders later in life. Identifying and changing modifiable factors associated with sleep problems in young children may improve their health trajectory. Our aim was to establish whether overprotective parenting was associated with problems sleeping in children.

Genetic counselling for the prevention of mental health consequences of cannabis use: A randomized controlled trial-within-cohort.

Background: Cannabis use is a risk factor for severe mental illness. However, cannabis does not affect everyone equally. Genetic information may help identify individuals who are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of cannabis on mental health.

Properties of common anxiety scales among patients with bipolar disorder.

Objectives: Almost half of the patients with a bipolar disorder (BD) have anxiety disorder(s) (AD) during their lifetime, but feasible measures for all AD are few. Furthermore, cognitive impairments can compromise reliability of existing scales, since many are needed for full coverage. Thus, we investigated how reliably patients responded to anxiety scales and any symptom overlap to propose future improvements to anxiety assessments.

Cognitive-behavioural interventions for prevention and treatment of anxiety in young children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Anxiety disorders are common and impairing throughout the life course. Propensity to anxiety disorders manifests as distress and avoidance of novel stimuli (called behavioural inhibition) as early as in infancy. Already in preschool children, anxiety disorders impact emotional development and school readiness.

Cognition in offspring of parents with psychotic and non-psychotic severe mental illness.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a feature of severe mental illness (SMI; schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder). Psychotic forms of SMI may be associated with greater cognitive impairment, but it is unclear if this differential impairment pre-dates illness onset or whether it reflects a consequence of the disorder. To establish if there is a developmental impairment related to familial risk of psychotic SMI, we investigated cognition in offspring of parents with psychotic and non-psychotic SMI.

Youth Experience Tracker Instrument: A self-report measure of developmental antecedents to severe mental illness.

Aim: We sought to examine the structure, internal consistency, convergent and criterion validity of the Youth Experience Tracker Instrument (YETI), a new brief self-report measure designed to facilitate early identification of risk for severe forms of mental illness, including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.

Methods: We collected 716 YETIs from 315 individuals aged 8 to 27 with and without familial risk of severe mental illness. The YETI measures six developmental antecedents that precede and predict serious forms of mental illness: affective lability, anxiety, basic symptoms, depressive symptoms, psychotic-like experiences, and sleep.

Visual memory and psychotic symptoms in youth.

Background: Psychotic symptoms are common during childhood and adolescence and may indicate transdiagnostic risk of future psychiatric disorders. Lower visual memory ability has been suggested as a potential indicator of future risk of mental illness. The relationship between visual memory and clinician-confirmed definite psychotic symptoms in youth has not yet been explored.

Visual memory in offspring of parents with mental illness.

Severe mental illness (SMI) refers to impairing and frequently chronic disorders that are difficult to treat. Lower cognitive performance early in life may be a manifestation of risk for SMI. Visual memory has been highlighted as a potential cognitive predictor of future risk of developing bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

Active behaviors and screen time in offspring of parents with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

Activities may be modifiable factors that moderate the risk and resilience in the development of mental health and illness. Youth who spend more time using screens are more likely to have poor mental health. Conversely, time spent engaged in active behaviors (i.

Neurodevelopmental and genetic determinants of exposure to adversity among youth at risk for mental illness.

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and lower cognitive ability have been linked with increased likelihood of exposure to adversity. We hypothesized that these associations may be partly due to genetic factors.

Methods: We calculated polygenic scores for ADHD and intelligence and assessed psychopathology and general cognitive ability in a sample of 297 youth aged 5-27 years enriched for offspring of parents with mood and psychotic disorders.

Prospective Association between Childhood Behavioral Inhibition and Anxiety: a Meta-Analysis.

Behavioral inhibition (BI) is a risk factor for anxiety. However, the estimates of the strength of this association vary widely. In addition, while BI is a strong predictor of social anxiety disorder (SAD), its association with other anxiety disorders is unclear.

Basic symptoms in offspring of parents with mood and psychotic disorders.

Background: Basic symptoms, defined as subjectively perceived disturbances in thought, perception and other essential mental processes, have been established as a predictor of psychotic disorders. However, the relationship between basic symptoms and family history of a transdiagnostic range of severe mental illness, including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, has not been examined.

Aims: We sought to test whether non-severe mood disorders and severe mood and psychotic disorders in parents is associated with increased basic symptoms in their biological offspring.

Offspring of parents with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression: a review of familial high-risk and molecular genetics studies.

Offspring of parents with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, have a one-in-three risk of developing severe mental illness themselves. Over the last 60 years, three waves of familial high-risk studies examined the development of severe mental illness in offspring of affected parents. The first two waves established familial nature of schizophrenia, and demonstrated early impairment in offspring of affected parents.

Affective lability in offspring of parents with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

Affective lability, defined as the propensity to experience excessive and unpredictable changes in mood, has been proposed as a potential transdiagnostic predictor of major mood and psychotic disorders. A parental diagnosis of bipolar disorder has been associated with increased affective lability in offspring. However, the association between affective lability and family history of other mood and psychotic disorders has not been examined.