[Obtaining blood components in blood banks].

After the first successful blood transfusion, different difficulties of a liquid tissue were overcome; this liquid required special conditions to keep its characteristics with minimal alterations and, thus, to be able to be used in patients who needed it. Subsequently, techniques that also made possible to separate this liquid into its different components for its use were discovered, allowing a more specific treatment of the deficiencies of patients when administering cellular or non-cellular elements. With this, a new area arose within the blood banks to obtaining components.

Blood safety in Mexico and a perspective on Latin America.

Blood safety has been of paramount concern worldwide over the last decades, and Latin America and Mexico are no exception. Factors of utmost importance include the use of highly efficient screening tests and the encouragement of voluntary donation. This review summarizes the current situation in Latin America and particularly in Mexico with respect to these key issues.

Genetic diversity of HLA system in six populations from Mexico City Metropolitan Area, Mexico: Mexico City North, Mexico City South, Mexico City East, Mexico City West, Mexico City Center and rural Mexico City.

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 1217 Mexicans from the Mexico City Metropolitan Area living in the northern (N = 751), southern (N = 52), eastern (N = 79), western (N = 33), and central (N = 152) Mexico City, and rural communities (N = 150), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We found that the most frequent haplotypes include 11 Native American haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components are Native American (63.

Genetic diversity of HLA system in two populations from Morelos, Mexico: Cuernavaca and rural Morelos.

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 112 Mexicans from the state of Morelos living in the city of Cuernavaca (N = 82) and rural communities (N = 30), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. The most frequent haplotypes in Morelos include seven Native American, one European, one African and one Asian haplotype. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in Morelos are Native American (60.

Genetic diversity of HLA system in two populations from Hidalgo, Mexico: Pachuca and rural Hidalgo.

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 122 Mexicans from the state of Hidalgo living in the city of Pachuca (N = 41) and rural communities (N = 81), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We find that the most frequent haplotypes in Hidalgo include eight Native American and one European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in Hidalgo are Native American (58.

Genetic diversity of HLA system in two populations from Chiapas, Mexico: Tuxtla Gutiérrez and rural Chiapas.

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 173 Mexicans from the state of Chiapas living in the city of Tuxtla Gutiérrez (N = 52) and rural communities (N = 121), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We found that the most frequent haplotypes in Chiapas include 12 Native American and one European haplotype. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in Chiapas are Native American (71.

HLA concordance between hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients and umbilical cord blood units: Implications for cord blood banking in admixed populations.

Umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation is an important choice for treating a variety of hematopoietic, neoplastic, and genetic disorders. The optimal size for a cord blood bank to provide matching units for 80% of patients requiring a stem cell transplantation procedure depends on the particular characteristics of each population. In this study, we analyzed the immunogenetic diversity of a sample set of Mexican patients suffering from blood, hematopoietic, and immunological diseases, to assess the best strategy for cord blood banking.

[Excessive spending by misuse of clinical laboratory].

Seventy five percent or more of a diagnosis comes from a proper medical history along with an excellent physical examination. This leaves to the clinical laboratory the function of supporting the findings, determining prognosis, classifying the diseases, monitoring the diseases and, in the minimum of cases, establishing the diagnosis. In recent years there has been a global phenomenon in which the allocation of resources to health care has grown in an excessive way; the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social is not an exception with an increase of 29 % from 2009 to 2011; therefore, it is necessary to set containment and reduction without compromising the quality of patient care.

Cost-Effectiveness of Blood Donation Screening for Trypanosoma cruzi in Mexico.

An estimated 2 million inhabitants are infected with Chagas disease in Mexico, with highest prevalence coinciding with highest demographic density in the southern half of the country. After vector-borne transmission, Trypanosoma cruzi is principally transmitted to humans via blood transfusion. Despite initiation of serological screening of blood donations or donors for T.

Cord blood banking and transplantation at the Mexican Institute of Social Security: the first 5 years.

Background: In January 2005, the Cord Blood Bank (CBB) at the Mexican Institute of Social Security initiated activities. Herein, we describe the experience generated during this period (January 1, 2005-December 31, 2009).

Study Design And Methods: Good manufacturing practices and standard operating procedures were used to address donor selection, as well as umbilical cord blood (UCB) collection, processing, and cryopreservation.

[Two different techniques for volume blood reduction obtained from umbilical cord].

Background: To preserve the umbilical cord blood (UCB), the volume containing the cells must be reduced before freezing, but the quality, quantity and functionality of the cells has to be preserved during this procedure. The aim is to compare the performance of two different techniques for volume reduction.

Methods: A semiautomatic system and an automatic system were compared as two different UCB volume reduction techniques.

[Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in blood donors].

Background: The American trypanosomiasis is the second parasitic disease in importance after paludism and one of the main mechanism of transmission is a blood transfusion. Our objective was to measure the effect the Tripanosoma Cruzi screening test in blood banks in the Mexican Institute of Social Security.

Methods: Information was obtained from each unit of blood collected.

Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, and human immunodeficiency virus in multiply transfused recipients in Mexico.

Background: Transfusion-transmitted viral infection (TTI) is a major problem in patients receiving blood products. Monitoring high-risk patients is essential for assessing the epidemiology of blood-borne infections.

Study Design And Methods: A 1-year, cross-sectional seroprevalence study in patients with a history of multiple transfusions was conducted.

Establishing a cord blood banking and transplantation program in Mexico: a single institution experience.

Background: Over the past decade, umbilical cord blood (UCB) banking and transplantation have increased significantly worldwide. The experience in developing countries, however, is still limited. In January 2005 the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) initiated its UCB banking and transplantation program.

[Prevalence of hepatitis C virus in the blood bank at Centro Médico Nacional La Raza].

Introduction: There are no records on the prevalence of infection by HCV in Mexican population. The central area of Mexico is a highly dense demographic zone and is the influence area of the second blood bank in Latin America in terms of affluence.

Material And Methods: We prospectively studied the prevalence and genotypes of HCV infection in 5105 individuals attending the Central Blood Bank of Centro Médico Nacional La Raza regardless if they were accepted or rejected as donors.