Use of learner-driven, formative, ad-hoc, prospective assessment of competence in physical therapist clinical education in the United States: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to implement a process for learner-driven, formative, prospective, ad-hoc, entrustment assessment in Doctor of Physical Therapy clinical education. Our goals were to develop an innovative entrustment assessment tool, and then explore whether the tool detected (1) differences between learners at different stages of development and (2) differences within learners across the course of a clinical education experience. We also investigated whether there was a relationship between the number of assessments and change in performance.

Effect of Motor Skill Training in Functional Activities vs Strength and Flexibility Exercise on Function in People With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Chronic low back pain (LBP) is the most prevalent chronic pain in adults, and there is no optimal nonpharmacologic management. Exercise is recommended, but no specific exercise-based treatment has been found to be most effective.

Objective: To determine whether an exercise-based treatment of person-specific motor skill training (MST) in performance of functional activities is more effective in improving function than strength and flexibility exercise (SFE) immediately, 6 months, and 12 months following treatment.

DIAGNOSIS DIALOG: RECAP AND RELEVANCE TO RECENT APTA ACTIONS.

For at least 40 years, physical therapists have been contemplating the issue of diagnosis. After the profession chose to require completion of doctoral-level training for entry into the profession, making some decisions about diagnosis became essential. In the 2004 Maley Lecture, Cynthia Coffin-Zadai called the profession to action on the question of diagnosis.

Choctaw Nation Youth Sun Exposure Survey.

The incidence of skin cancer is rising among American Indians (AI) but the prevalence of harmful ultraviolet light (UVL) exposures among AI youth is unknown. In 2013, UVL exposures, protective behaviors, and attitudes toward tanning were assessed among 129 AI and Non-Hispanic (NHW) students in grades 8-12 in Southeastern Oklahoma. Sunburn was reported by more than half the AI students and most of the NHW students.

Launching first-year health sciences students into collaborative practice: Highlighting institutional enablers and barriers to success.

Developing and sustaining a comprehensive interprofessional education (IPE) curriculum infused throughout health science programmes at large post-secondary institutions requires not only champions within each program but also collaboration across professional programmes and strong support at an institutional level. The purpose of this article is twofold. First, it reports on the development of an interprofessional learning pathway, an institutional curricular model, and the pathway launch, an introductory learning experience within the context of a large post-secondary institution.

Asymmetry of lumbopelvic movement patterns during active hip abduction is a risk factor for low back pain development during standing.

An induced-pain paradigm has been used in back-healthy people to understand risk factors for developing low back pain (LBP) during prolonged standing. We examined asymmetry of lumbopelvic movement timing during a clinical test of active hip abduction in back-healthy people who developed LBP symptoms during standing (Pain Developers; PDs) compared to back-healthy people who did not develop LBP symptoms during standing (Non Pain Developers, NPDs). Participants completed the hip abduction test while movement was recorded with a motion capture system.

Efficacy of classification-specific treatment and adherence on outcomes in people with chronic low back pain. A one-year follow-up, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Background: It is unknown if low back pain (LBP) outcomes are enhanced by classification-specific treatment based on the Movement System Impairment classification system. The moderating effect of adherence to treatment also is unknown.

Objectives: Compare the efficacy of a classification-specific treatment (CS) and a non classification-specific (NCs) treatment and examine the moderating effect of adherence on outcomes.

What is backward disequilibrium and how do i treat it? A complex patient case study.

Background And Purpose: Postural vertical refers to a component of an individual's perception of verticality that is derived from information about the direction of gravitational forces. Backward disequilibrium (BD) is a postural disorder observed in some older adults who have a distortion in their perception of postural vertical. Individuals with BD sustain their center of mass (COM) posterior to their base of support and resist correction of COM alignment.

Is lumbar lordosis related to low back pain development during prolonged standing?

Background: An induced-pain paradigm has been used in back-healthy people to understand risk factors for developing low back pain during prolonged standing.

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to (1) compare baseline lumbar lordosis in back-healthy participants who do (Pain Developers) and do not (Non-Pain Developers) develop low back pain during 2 h of standing, and (2) examine the relationship between lumbar lordosis and low back pain intensity.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Variables associated with performance of an active limb movement following within-session instruction in people with and people without low back pain.

Modification of a movement pattern can be beneficial in decreasing low back pain (LBP) symptoms. There is variability, however, in how well people are able to modify performance of a movement. What has not been identified is the factors that may affect a person's ability to modify performance of a movement.

Factors contributing to lumbar region passive tissue characteristics in people with and people without low back pain.

Background: Previously, we demonstrated that people in the Rotation with Extension low back pain subgroup display greater asymmetry of passive tissue characteristics during trunk lateral bending than people without low back pain. The purpose of this secondary analysis is to examine factors that explain the group differences.

Methods: Twenty-two people in the Rotation with Extension subgroup, and 19 people without low back pain were examined.

The effect of within-session instruction on lumbopelvic motion during a lower limb movement in people with and people without low back pain.

The purpose of the current study was to examine how effectively people with and people without low back pain (LBP) modify lumbopelvic motion during a limb movement test. Nineteen subjects with LBP and 20 subjects without LBP participated. Kinematic data were collected while subjects performed active hip lateral rotation (HLR) in prone.

Evaluation findings on community participation in the California Healthy Cities and Communities program.

As part of an evaluation of the California Healthy Cities and Communities (CHCC) program, we evaluated resident involvement, broad representation and civic engagement beyond the local CHCC initiative. The evaluation design was a case study of 20 participating communities with cross-case analysis. Data collection methods included: coalition member surveys at two points in time, semi-structured interviews with key informants, focus groups with coalition members and document review.

Differences in symmetry of lumbar region passive tissue characteristics between people with and people without low back pain.

Background: Several investigators have suggested that passive tissue characteristics of the lumbar region may be altered in people with low back pain. Passive stiffness of the lumbar region has been examined during physiological movements in healthy individuals and intersegmental spine mobility and stiffness have been examined in people with and people without low back pain. However, no investigators have examined differences in passive tissue characteristics of the lumbar region during a physiological movement between people with and people without low back pain.

Diagnosis and management of a patient with knee pain using the movement system impairment classification system.

Study Design: Case report.

Background: Selecting the most effective conservative treatment for knee pain continues to be a challenge. An understanding of the underlying movement system impairment that is thought to contribute to the knee pain may assist in determining the most effective treatment.

Achieving organizational change: findings from case studies of 20 California healthy cities and communities coalitions.

As part of an evaluation of the California Healthy Cities and Communities (CHCC) Program, we assessed the extent to which coalitions implementing the healthy cities and communities model demonstrated capacity to leverage financial resources, expand programs and influence organizational policies. The evaluation design was a multiple case study of 20 participating communities with cross-case analysis. Participating communities spanned the state's diverse geographic regions and ranged from remote areas within rural counties to neighborhoods within large cities.

Validity and reliability of a system to measure passive tissue characteristics of the lumbar region during trunk lateral bending in people with and people without low back pain.

The current study examined the validity and reliability of a new system that was developed to measure lumbar region passive stiffness and end range of motion during a trunk lateral bending movement in vivo. Variables measured included force, end range lumbar region motion, torque, lumbar region stiffness, and passive elastic energy. Validity of the force measurements was examined using standard weights.

Strengthening community leadership: evaluation findings from the california healthy cities and communities program.

Collaborative approaches to community health improvement such as healthy cities and communities have the potential to strengthen community capacity through leadership development. The healthy cities and communities process orients existing local leadership to new community problem-solving strategies and draws out leadership abilities among residents not previously engaged in civic life. In an evaluation of the California Healthy Cities and Communities (CHCC) Program, leadership development was one of several outcomes assessed at the civic-participation level of the social ecology.

Use of movement system diagnoses in the management of patients with neuromuscular conditions: a multiple-patient case report.

Background And Purpose: Medical diagnoses are not sufficient to guide physical therapy intervention. To provide a rational basis for treatment selection by physical therapists, we developed a set of diagnoses at the level of impairment that are relevant to the human movement system. The diagnoses describe the primary human movement system problem and provide a basis for matching a specific problem with appropriate treatment.

Role of conceptual models in a physical therapy curriculum: application of an integrated model of theory, research, and clinical practice.

The Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, recently implemented a Master of Physical Therapy (MPT) entry-level degree program. As part of the curriculum design, two models were developed, a Model of Best Practice and the Clinical Decision-Making Model. Both models incorporate four key concepts of the new curriculum: 1) the concept that theory, research, and clinical practice are interdependent and inform each other; 2) the importance of client-centered practice; 3) the terminology and philosophical framework of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health; and 4) the importance of evidence-based practice.