Publications by authors named "Barbara Musial"

Article Synopsis
  • Inflammation plays a key role in diabetes-related kidney disease (DKD), affecting patient health and longevity, though the exact mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Researchers studied proinflammatory cytokines in DKD patients and mouse models, focusing on the IL-33 pathway and its potential as a treatment target.
  • Initial results suggest that inhibiting IL-33 could reduce kidney damage and inflammation, with ongoing clinical trials (FRONTIER-1) exploring a monoclonal antibody treatment for DKD patients.
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Obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) impact fetal growth during pregnancy. Iron is an essential micronutrient needed for energy-intense feto-placental development, but if mis-handled can lead to oxidative stress and ferroptosis (iron-dependent cell death). In a mouse model showing maternal obesity and glucose intolerance, we investigated the association of materno-fetal iron handling and placental ferroptosis, oxidative damage and stress signalling activation with fetal growth.

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Article Synopsis
  • Despite advances in understanding kidney injury through lipids and metabolites, there's a lack of comprehensive data on the metabolic pathways involved in kidney impairment, partly due to limited kidney biopsy samples from living donors.
  • This study utilized kidneys from deceased transplant donors to investigate acute kidney injury, revealing common changes in injury and inflammation markers in those with reduced kidney function, along with various cellular interactions.
  • The research highlighted the role of arachidonic acid metabolism and other pathways linked to inflammation, showing that inhibiting certain lipid mediators can mitigate injury in kidney cells, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for kidney function recovery.
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Obesity during gestation adversely affects maternal and infant health both during pregnancy and for long afterwards. However, recent work suggests that a period of maternal exercise during pregnancy can improve metabolic health of the obese mother and her offspring. This study aimed to identify the physiological and molecular impact of exercise on the obese mother during pregnancy that may lead to improved metabolic outcomes.

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Key Points: In the Western world, obesogenic diets containing high fat and high sugar (HFHS) are commonly consumed during pregnancy, although their effects on the metabolism of the mother, in relation to feto-placental glucose utilization and growth, are unknown. In the present study, the consumption of an obesogenic HFHS diet compromised maternal glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in late pregnancy in association with dysregulated lipid and glucose handling by the dam. These maternal metabolic changes induced by HFHS feeding were related to altered feto-placental glucose metabolism and growth.

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The prevalence of obesity during pregnancy continues to increase at alarming rates. This is concerning as in addition to immediate impacts on maternal wellbeing, obesity during pregnancy has detrimental effects on the long-term health of the offspring through non-genetic mechanisms. A major knowledge gap limiting our capacity to develop intervention strategies is the lack of understanding of the factors in the obese mother that mediate these epigenetic effects on the offspring.

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In late pregnancy, maternal insulin resistance occurs to support fetal growth, but little is known about insulin-glucose dynamics close to delivery. This study measured insulin sensitivity in mice in late pregnancy at day 16 (D16) and near term at D19. Nonpregnant (NP) and pregnant mice were assessed for metabolite and hormone concentrations, body composition by DEXA, tissue insulin signaling protein abundance by Western blotting, glucose tolerance and utilization, and insulin sensitivity using acute insulin administration and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with [(3)H]glucose infusion.

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Changes in the maternal nutritional environment during fetal development can influence offspring's metabolic risk in later life. Animal models have demonstrated that offspring of diet-induced obese dams develop metabolic complications, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In this study we investigated the mechanisms in young offspring that lead to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

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In developed societies, high-sugar and high-fat (HSHF) diets are now the norm and are increasing the rates of maternal obesity during pregnancy. In pregnant rodents, these diets lead to cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction in their adult offspring, but the intrauterine mechanisms involved remain unknown. This study shows that, relative to standard chow, HSHF feeding throughout mouse pregnancy increases maternal adiposity (+30%, P<0.

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Introduction: The aim of this work was to determine the extent and causes of drinking and drug abuse by the youth.

Material And Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 918 students aged 13-16 years from five gymnasia in Stettin. The results were analyzed statistically.

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