Changes in the Level of DNA Methylation in under the Influence of Physical and Chemical Factors.

The effects of physical factors such as radiation (electromagnetic, microwave, infrared, laser, UVC, and X-ray) and high temperature, as well as chemical factors (controlled atmosphere) on the level of global DNA cytosine methylation in ATCC 10231 cells were investigated. Prolonged exposure to each type of radiation significantly increased the DNA methylation level. In addition, the global methylation level in cells increased with the incubation temperature.

Similarity Analysis of Producing Carbapenemases Isolated from UTI and Other Infections.

is an important opportunistic pathogen responsible for severe infections, mainly urinary tract infections (UTIs) and pneumonia. Hospital epidemic infections caused by multiresistant strains of carbapenemase-producing are the most concerning. NDM-producing strains are resistant to a wide range of antibiotics and have become the most significant threat.

Virulence analysis and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from hospitalised patients in Poland.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a nosocomial pathogen causing difficult-to-treat infections. The presence of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance of 109 KP isolates from hospitalized patients were investigated. Among them, 68.

The prevalence of virulence determinants in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from different infections in hospitalized patients in Poland.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for hard-to-treat infections. The presence of 19 virulence genes in 120 MRSA isolates obtained from hospitalized patients and genetic relationships of these isolates were investigated. The eno (100%) and ebps (93.

Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Essential Oil Compounds against New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-1-Producing Uropathogenic Strains.

The World Health Organization points out that the opportunistic pathogen that causes various infections among others, urinary tract infections (UTIs), is one of the high-priority species due to a global problem of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of chosen constituents of essential oils against NDM-1-producing, uropathogenic strains. The genes encoding lipopolysaccharide (, ), adhesin gene (type I fimbriae) and gene encoding carbapenemase () for all tested strains were detected by PCR amplification.

Hematological and Hematopoietic Effects of Bactericidal Doses of -Cinnamaldehyde and Thyme Oil on Juveniles.

The effects of two potential antibacterial agents of plant origin: -cinnamaldehyde (TC) and thyme oil (TO) on the peripheral blood parameters and cellular composition of hematopoietic tissue of were studied. Both phytochemicals were used in the doses based on the bactericidal concentrations against spp. developed earlier in study.

Antibiotic Resistance of Uropathogens Isolated from Patients Hospitalized in District Hospital in Central Poland in 2020.

The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic resistance patterns and the prevalence of uropathogenes causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients hospitalized in January-June 2020 in central Poland. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk-diffusion method. (52.

Effects of Oxytetracycline and Gentamicin Therapeutic Doses on Hematological, Biochemical and Hematopoietic Parameters in Juveniles.

Hematological, biochemical and hematopoietic effects of therapeutic doses of two antibiotics, oxytetracycline (OTC) and gentamicin (GEN), in clinically healthy common carp juveniles were studied. The fish were divided into four groups: controls 1 and 2 (untreated or injected with 0.6% NaCl solution), and two groups treated with antibiotics (orally with 75 mg/kg OTC four times every two days or injected with a single dose (4 mg/kg) of GEN dissolved in 0.

Antibacterials in Aquatic Environment and Their Toxicity to Fish.

Antibacterial agents are commonly present in aquatic environment at low concentrations. Terrestrial animal farms, human medicine and aquaculture are main sources of water contamination with antibacterials. Antibiotics were proved to be directly toxic to fish causing oxidative stress, general stress response, histopathological lesions, hematological, metabolic, and reproductive disorders, as well as immunosuppressive and genotoxic effects.

Effect of manuka honey on biofilm-associated genes expression during methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are among the most important biofilm-forming pathogens responsible for hard-to-treat infections. Looking for alternatives to antibiotics that prevent biofilm formation, we investigated the effects of manuka honey on the transcriptional profile of genes essential for staphylococcal biofilm formation using qRT-PCR. mRNA from two hospital MRSA strains (strong and weak biofilm producer) were isolated after 4, 8, 12 and 24 h from cells grown in biofilm.

New Approaches for Genotyping.

Easy-to-perform, fast, and inexpensive methods of differentiation of strains beyond the species level are highly required. Herein two new, original tools for genotyping of E. coli isolates are proposed.

Antibiotic Resistance Among Uropathogenic .

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) belong to the most common community-acquired and nosocomial infections. A main etiological factor of UTIs is uropathogenic (UPEC). This review describes the current state of knowledge on the resistance of UPEC to antibiotics recommended for the treatment of UTIs based on the available literature data.

Effect of -Cinnamaldehyde on Methicillin-Resistant Biofilm Formation: Metabolic Activity Assessment and Analysis of the Biofilm-Associated Genes Expression.

The effects of -cinnamaldehyde (TC) on transcriptional profiles of biofilm-associated genes and the metabolic activity of two methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains showing a different degree of adherence to polystyrene, were evaluated. Metabolic activity of in biofilm was significantly decreased in the presence of TC at 1/2 minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC). Expression levels of the genes encoding laminin binding protein (), elastin binding protein () and fibrinogen binding protein () in the presence of TC at 1/2 MBIC were lower than in untreated biofilm in both the weakly and strongly adhering strain.

Antibacterial Activity of Commercial Phytochemicals against Species Isolated from Fish.

Antimicrobial activities of phytochemicals--cinnamaldehyde (TC), ferulic acid (FA), -coumaric acid (-CA), caffeic acid (CA), chlorogenic acid (CHA), essential oil (TO), essential oil (ECO), and oil (TTO) against species-were assessed. Growth of all subsp. and almost all strains was inhibited by TC at concentration 0.

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Patients Hospitalized during 2015-2017 in Hospitals in Poland.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial resistance profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from clinical samples from patients hospitalized during 2015-2017 in hospitals of -Masovian district in Poland.

Materials And Methods: Antimicrobial resistance of 112 MRSA isolates was tested with a disc diffusion method. Isolates were examined for methicillin resistance using a 30 µg cefoxitin disk.

Biofilm Formation by Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Sensitive Strains from Hospitalized Patients in Poland.

Biofilm-mediated infections in the hospital environment have a significant negative impact on patient health. This study aimed to investigate biofilm production in vitro and the presence of genes in methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) strains isolated from hospitalized patients. MRSA (73) and MSSA (57) strains were evaluated for biofilm production by the microtiter plate method.

Expression of the Biofilm-Associated Genes in Methicillin-Resistant in Biofilm and Planktonic Conditions.

The role of genes that are essential for development of biofilm during infection is not fully known. mRNA from two methicillin-resistant strains that formed weak and strong biofilm on polystyrene plates were isolated at five time points from cells grown in biofilm and planktonic culture. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of investigated genes under biofilm conditions were significantly higher than under planktonic conditions.

Antimicrobial activity of five essential oils from lamiaceae against multidrug-resistant .

Analysis of Lamiaceae essential oils (EOs) by GC-FID-MS revealed the presence as the major constituents of linalool (16.8%), linalyl acetate (15.7%) in , menthol (29.

The effects of selected phytochemicals on biofilm formed by five methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of 0.1% thyme oil (TO), trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC), ferulic acid (FA), p-coumaric acid (p-CA), caffeic acid (CA), lavender essential oil (LO), geranium essential oil (GO) and tee tree oil (TTO) to control biofilms formed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. Depending on the strains, TO reduced 59.

Virulence factors, biofilm-forming ability, and antimicrobial resistance of urinary strains isolated from hospitalized patients.

Background/aim: Escherichia coli is the most frequent cause of urinary tract infections. We investigated the possible associations between the origin of strains, antimicrobial resistance, the presence of urovirulence factors, and biofilm-forming ability.

Materials And Methods: Antibiotic susceptibility of E.

Virulence gene profiles in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cows with subclinical mastitis in eastern Poland.

Staphylococcus aureus is arguably the most important pathogen involved in bovine mastitis. The aim of this study was to determine the virulence gene profiles of 124 Staph. aureus isolates from subclinical mastitis in cows in eastern Poland.

Antibiofilm activity of trans-cinnamaldehyde, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids on uropathogenic Escherichia coli.

Background/aim: Biofilm on urinary catheters results in persistent infections that are resistant to antibiotics. In this study, phytochemicals were assessed as alternative antimicrobials in preventing and inactivating E. coli biofilm on urinary catheters.

[Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics].

The main problem in the treatment of nosocomial infections is the increasing drug resistance of microorganisms that cause them, limiting the number of effective antibiotics. Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacilli are the cause of many serious hospital-acquired infections occurring primarily in patients within high-risk groups. The most vulnerable are those with weakened immune systems, as well as those with extensive surgical wounds and burn wounds.

Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cows with mastitis in eastern Poland and analysis of susceptibility of resistant strains to alternative nonantibiotic agents: lysostaphin, nisin and polymyxin B.

The aim of this study was to analyze the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine mastitis in the eastern part of Poland to a set of 20 antibiotics and three alternative agents: lysostaphin, nisin and polymyxin B. Eighty-six out of 123 examined isolates were susceptible to all 20 tested antibiotics (70%). The highest percentage of resistance was observed in the case of β-lactam antibiotics: amoxicillin (n=22, 17.

Twitching motility activity, biofilm formation, and genetic typing for clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by random amplified DNA PCR.

A total of 44 Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains were studied by random amplified polymorphic DNA PCR. (RAPD)-PCR analysis determined the presence of 15 genotypes, with the most frequent genotype A detected in 27.3% of the strains.