Choroidal vascularity analysis in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis without acute uveitis.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate choroidal involvement and the degree of anterior chamber inflammation in a cohort of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) without clinical signs of active uveitis and to compare it with healthy controls (HC).

Methods: Enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) scans of 21 patients diagnosed with JIA and 22 HC of equal age were acquired. Images were binarised to measure subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT), nasal choroidal thickness (NCT), temporal choroidal thickness (TCT), total choroidal area (TCA), luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA) and choroidal vascular index (CVI).

Evaluation of warm compresses and topical cyclosporine treatment in meibomian gland dysfunction by confocal scanning laser microscopy.

Purpose: The aim of our study is to confirm the utility of warm compresses (WC) and artificial tears (AT) in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) management and to understand if its association with topical cyclosporine A (CsA) improves outcomes.

Methods: Patients with diagnosis of MGD-related dry eye were evaluated. In this prospective, randomized, double-masked study, patients were randomized in two treatments: AT plus WC (group A), and AT plus WC plus CsA 0.

Primary small gauge pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil endotamponade for endophthalmitis after cataract surgery: Clinical and OCT findings.

Background: Retrospective analysis of morphological and functional outcomes after pars-plana vitrectomy and Silicone-Oil (SO) endotamponade in acute postoperative endophthalmitis (APOE).

Methods: Minimum follow-up was 6 months. Every included patient received best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) assessment, pre-operatively and at last follow-up.

Choroidal vasculature analysis in MEK inhibitor-associated retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients developing mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor-associated retinopathy (MEKAR).

Methods: In this prospective observational study, extensive ophthalmic examination was performed, including enhanced-depth-imaging-optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). EDI-OCT scans of patients receiving Cobimetinib, taken at baseline and at MEKAR manifestation, were considered for choroid analysis.

New trends in intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy for ROP.

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) affects premature newborns, and it can cause childhood blindness and visual impairment if untreated. The understanding of the pathogenetic role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) has led to development of therapeutic strategies such as intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs. We reported drug efficacy and ROP recurrence rates, extrapolated from the reviewed studies.

Non-infectious uveitis burden on quality of life and work impairment assessed through different psychometric questionnaires.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between a novel psychometric 12-item questionnaire (U-qest) and other validated questionnaires to assess quality of life and work impairment in patients with non-infectious uveitis.

Methods: Data were collected at baseline and 3 months postbaseline using U-qest and two other validated questionnaires: The National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25) and the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12).

Results: A total of 136 patients (52.

Comparison of the Effect of Diclofenac 0.1% and Nepafenac 0.1% on Aqueous Flare in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study.

Objectives: To compare, using laser flare meter (LFM), the efficacy of topical nepafenac 0.1, % and diclofenac 0.1% ophthalmic solution in the control of anterior chamber inflammation after uncomplicated cataract surgery.

New Insights On Ocular Sarcoidosis: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study.

: To report optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) findings in eyes with ocular sarcoidosis (OS) and to compare these findings with those of fluorescein angiography (FA). : Observational, cross-sectional, case-control study. Patients presenting with OS involving the posterior segment were evaluated using FA, structural-OCT and OCT-A.

Visual pathway involvement in multiple sclerosis: Look straight in the eyes.

Visual symptoms are a common clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) and are frequently due to acute optic neuritis (ON). However, the entire visual pathway can be involved throughout the disease course. We describe the case of a young MS patient who experienced visual symptoms that were eventually found to be caused by retinal periphlebitis, an inflammatory process of the anterior visual pathway, which is common during MS, but rarely symptomatic.

Tear Film Stability in Sjögren Syndrome Patients Treated with Hyaluronic Acid Versus Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid-Based Eye Drops.

Purpose: To compare the stability of the tear film after instillation of eye drops containing hyaluronic acid (HA) or crosslinked hyaluronic acid (CLHA)-based in patients with Sjögren syndrome-related dry eye (SSDE).

Methods: Forty subjects were included in this study and were divided into 2 groups: the first group (control group) consisted of 20 healthy volunteers; the second group (study group) constituted of 20 suffering from SSDE; before and 5, 30, and 60 min after instillation of eye drops the surface regularity index (SRI) and surface asymmetry index (SAI) were registered.

Results: Comparing HA and CLHA, in the control group, SAI show statistically significant difference in the time 0 and in time 5, whereas there is no a statistically significant difference after 30 and 60 min from instillation.

Transient therapeutic effect of vitrectomy in primary intraocular lymphoma.

This photo essay shows the transient therapeutic effect of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in a patient affected by primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL). PPV is crucial for the diagnosis of PIOL, but it may also play a role in the therapeutic approach.

Outer Retinal and Choroidal Evaluation in Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome (MEWDS): An Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

Purpose: To perform an analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) abnormalities in patients with MEWDS, during the acute and recovery stages, using enhanced depth imaging-OCT (EDI-OCT).

Methods: A retrospective case series of five patients with MEWDS was included. EDI-OCT imaging was evaluated to detect retinal and choroidal features.

Deep inside Multifocal Choroiditis: an Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography approach.

The aim of the study was to report the clinical utility of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in characterizing and differentiating inflammatory lesions and choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in multifocal choroiditis (MFC). A patient affected by MFC complaining central visual loss and scotoma in his left eye was fully investigated with dye-based angiographies, structural OCT and OCT-A. A reactivation of macular CNV was initially suspected, while OCT-A revealed the absence of any decorrelation signal both over the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and between RPE and Bruchs' membrane.

Full-thickness choroidal thinning as a feature of Fuchs Uveitis Syndrome: quantitative evaluation of the choroid by Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography in a cohort of consecutive patients.

Purpose: To perform a quantitative analysis of choroidal thickness in patients with Fuchs Uveitis Syndrome (FUS) using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).

Methods: All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination, including best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, applanation tonometry, axial length measurements with a swept-source biometer (IOLMaster 700, Carl Zeiss Medic AG, Jena, Germany) and macular 30° linear EDI- B-scan SD-OCT section (Spectralis HRAII+OCT, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) in both eyes. Analysis of choroidal thickness was performed at three different locations: subfoveally, 750 μm nasally, and 750 μm temporally to the fovea.

Repeatability and reproducibility of retinal thickness measurements in diabetic patients with spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Background: To determine the repeatability and reproducibility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) Spectralis retinal thickness measurements in diabetic patients with clinically significant macular edema (CSME).

Methods: Twelve eyes of 12 volunteers (without macular pathology - control group) and 21 eyes of 21 diabetic patients with CSME were included in the study. Reproducibility, repeatability, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and intrasession correlation coefficients were tested with 20 × 15 degree raster scans consisting of 19 high-resolution line scans that were repeated three times by two experienced examiners.

Retinal toxicity of intravitreal genistein in a rabbit model.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preclinical safety of intravitreal genistein in rabbit eyes over a short-term period.

Methods: Twelve New Zealand albino rabbits were selected for this study. Four concentrations of genistein (LC Laboratories, Woburn, MA) were prepared: 24 mg/0.

Rituximab treatment for persistent scleritis associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

Purpose: To report a clinical case of a patient with severe scleritis associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) refractive to conventional treatment that was treated effectively with rituximab.

Methods And Results: A 55-year-old man with RA, on etanercept and oral methotrexate, was referred with diagnosis of acute stromal keratitis, anterior uveitis, and anterior nodular scleritis in his right eye. Cyclophosphamide induced complete regression of acute stromal keratitis and anterior uveitis, but scleritis was still active and persistent.

Macular thickness measured by optical coherence tomography in a healthy population before and after uncomplicated cataract phacoemulsification surgery.

Purpose: To examine macular changes before and after uncomplicated cataract surgery in a healthy population.

Material And Methods: In a prospective study, we evaluated 62 eyes of healthy patients having elective cataract phacoemulsification. We performed optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, 20, and 28 weeks after surgery.

Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy: outcome and visual prognosis.

Objectives: To examine the clinical outcomes and the effect of treatment in patients with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy.

Methods: Cases of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy treated at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary from 1990 to 2002 and cases from the literature were identified. Data on visual acuity, ocular symptoms, bilateral involvement, foveal involvement at presentation, and treatment regimens were recorded.

Adverse drug reactions to treatments for ocular toxoplasmosis: a retrospective chart review.

Objective: This study evaluated the incidence and types of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with medications used to treat active toxoplasmic chorioretinitis.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of the clinical records of a consecutive series of patients with active toxoplasmic chorioretinitis, examined between March 1991 and August 1998. For inclusion in the review, patients had to have been diagnosed with active toxoplasmic chorioretinitis, been treated with a single drug or drug combination indicated for this condition, and been followed for at least 8 weeks.

A pilot study on ocular safety of intravitreal infliximab in a rabbit model.

Purpose: To determine whether infliximab may be used safely as an intraocular drug, the ocular safety of intravitreal infliximab in rabbits was studied by clinical examination, electroretinography (ERG), and histology in rabbits.

Methods: Twelve New Zealand albino rabbits were selected for this study. Different infliximab doses, namely 1.