Frailty-aware surgical care: Validation of Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) in older surgical patients.

Introduction: Frailty has an important impact on the health outcomes of older patients, and frailty screening is recommended as part of perioperative evaluation. The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) is a validated tool that highlights frailty risk using 109 International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) codes. In this study, we aim to compare HFRS to the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and validate HFRS as a predictor of adverse outcomes in Asian patients admitted to surgical services.

Dementia Risk of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin for Atrial Fibrillation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have demonstrated superior efficacy in preventing stroke and death compared with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but their influence on dementia risk remains unclear.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative risks of dementia in DOAC vs warfarin in patients with AF.

Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted to retrieve studies reporting comparisons of dementia incidence between patients treated with DOACs and warfarin for AF.

Warfarin versus direct oral anticoagulants in South Asian octogenarians: a retrospective review.

To investigate the efficacy and safety outcomes of warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants in Asian octogenarians. A retrospective study was undertaken in 270 patients aged 80 years old and above, between 15 July 2015 and 21 December 2017, prescribed oral anticoagulation (OAC) with warfarin or direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC). Data collection included demographics, bleeding events, cessation of anticoagulation, mortality and hospital utilization up to 2 years post prescription.

COVID-19 and Undiagnosed Pre-diabetes or Diabetes Mellitus Among International Migrant Workers in Singapore.

Migrant workers, a marginalized and under-resourced population, are vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to limited healthcare access. Moreover, metabolic diseases-such as diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and hyperlipidemia-predispose to severe complications and mortality from COVID-19. We investigate the prevalence and consequences of undiagnosed metabolic illnesses, particularly DM and pre-diabetes, in international migrant workers with COVID-19.

Direct Admission from the Emergency Department to a Subacute Care Ward: An Alternative to Acute Hospitalization.

In recent years, subacute care units (SCUs) have emerged as alternatives to acute hospitalization for selected emergency department (ED) patients who might benefit from a short period of inpatient stay within a less acute setting. We developed a new protocol to directly admit selected older patients from our acute hospital's (AH) ED to the SCU of a partner community hospital, making use of our ED's short-stay ward as a transit area to overcome administrative, financial, and clinical barriers. The new protocol has removed the need for intervening stays of longer than 24 hours at our AH, reduced overall length of stay across both institutions, decreased hospital admissions, and reduced the number of patient hand-offs.