Impact of conventional and innovative processing conditions on organoleptic and nutritional properties of applesauce from organic and conventional production systems.

The impact of cultivar and production system was studied over two years on organoleptic and nutritional characteristics of apple fruits and then, on purees processed with both conventional convection cooking under vacuum and fast innovative microwave cooking. The main factors affecting the content and composition of sugars, organic acids, volatiles, polyphenols, and fibre were in the decreasing order, cultivar, year, and production system. Regarding processing, the fast innovative microwave cooking led to puree with a higher viscosity but with a lower polyphenol content compared to the convection cooking.

Adoption and Optimization of Genomic Selection To Sustain Breeding for Apricot Fruit Quality.

Genomic selection (GS) is a breeding approach which exploits genome-wide information and whose unprecedented success has shaped several animal and plant breeding schemes through delivering their genetic progress. This is the first study assessing the potential of GS in apricot () to enhance postharvest fruit quality attributes. Genomic predictions were based on a F1 pseudo-testcross population, comprising 153 individuals with contrasting fruit quality traits.

Changes in cell wall neutral sugar composition related to pectinolytic enzyme activities and intra-flesh textural property during ripening of ten apricot clones.

The changes of texture and cell wall characteristics of apricot were investigated in ten clones at two maturity stages. Fruit firmness, cell wall composition and enzyme activity of three apricot flesh zones were analysed. The AIS (alcohol-insoluble solids) were characterised by high amounts of uronic acid (179-300 mg g AIS) and relatively high amounts of cellulosic glucose (118-214 mg g AIS).

A Systems Biology Study in Tomato Fruit Reveals Correlations between the Ascorbate Pool and Genes Involved in Ribosome Biogenesis, Translation, and the Heat-Shock Response.

Changing the balance between ascorbate, monodehydroascorbate, and dehydroascorbate in plant cells by manipulating the activity of enzymes involved in ascorbate synthesis or recycling of oxidized and reduced forms leads to multiple phenotypes. A systems biology approach including network analysis of the transcriptome, proteome and metabolites of RNAi lines for ascorbate oxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and galactonolactone dehydrogenase has been carried out in orange fruit pericarp of tomato (). The transcriptome of the RNAi ascorbate oxidase lines is inversed compared to the monodehydroascorbate reductase and galactonolactone dehydrogenase lines.

Impact of canning and storage on apricot carotenoids and polyphenols.

Apricot polyphenols and carotenoids were monitored after industrial and domestic cooking, and after 2months of storage for industrial processing. The main apricot polyphenols were flavan-3-ols, flavan-3-ol monomers and oligomers, with an average degree of polymerization between 4.7 and 10.

Characterization of tissue specific differences in cell wall polysaccharides of ripe and overripe pear fruit.

Cell walls from flesh, parenchyma cells, stone cells and skin were isolated from ripe and overripe Pyrus communis L. cv "De Cloche" using the phenol-buffer method. Pear polysaccharides were solubilized from cell walls by sequential extractions with aqueous solutions of ammonium oxalate, NaCO, and increasing concentration of NaOH, to explore overripening impact.

Pink discoloration of canned pears: role of procyanidin chemical depolymerization and procyanidin/cell wall interactions.

After canning, pear pieces turn occasionally from whitish-beige to pink. Conditions were set up to obtain this discoloration systematically and investigate its mechanism. Canned pears showed a significantly lower L* coordinate compared with fresh pears, and the L* coordinate of canned pears decreased with decreasing pH.

Home conservation strategies for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum): storage temperature vs. duration--is there a compromise for better aroma preservation?

Expression of dissatisfaction with tomato aroma prompted us to lead this study on the impact of domestic storage conditions on volatile compounds. Two storage modalities (20 and 4°C) and two cultivars (Levovil and LCx) were used. Volatile compounds were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection after accelerated solvent extraction.

An integrative genomics approach for deciphering the complex interactions between ascorbate metabolism and fruit growth and composition in tomato.

Very few reports have studied the interactions between ascorbate and fruit metabolism. In order to get insights into the complex relationships between ascorbate biosynthesis/recycling and other metabolic pathways in the fruit, we undertook a fruit systems biology approach. To this end, we have produced tomato transgenic lines altered in ascorbate content and redox ratio by RNAi-targeting several key enzymes involved in ascorbate biosynthesis (2 enzymes) and recycling (2 enzymes).

GDP-D-mannose 3,5-epimerase (GME) plays a key role at the intersection of ascorbate and non-cellulosic cell-wall biosynthesis in tomato.

The GDP-D-mannose 3,5-epimerase (GME, EC 5.1.3.

ETHY. A theory of fruit climacteric ethylene emission.

A theory of fruit climacteric ethylene emission was developed and used as the basis of a simulation model called ETHY. According to the theory, the biosynthetic pathway of ethylene is supplied by ATP and is regulated by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase and ACC oxidase. The conjugation of ACC with malonate to form MACC was taken into account as a way to decrease the availability of ACC.