Shedding light on eye disease in obesity: A review.

Obesity is known to be associated with numerous ocular manifestations, including but not limited to, diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, glaucoma, and dry eye disease. This review aims to provide an overview of the ophthalmological findings in obesity. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane databases for studies describing randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and observational studies published from 1 January 2017 to 1 April 2023.

Genome-wide association analyses of common infections in a large practice-based biobank.

Introduction: Infectious diseases are common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Susceptibility to infection is highly heritable; however, little has been done to identify the genetic determinants underlying common infectious diseases. One GWAS was performed using 23andMe information about self-reported infections; we set out to confirm previous loci and identify new ones using medically diagnosed infections.

Adipose Tissue Inflammation Is Not Related to Adipose Insulin Resistance in Humans.

The role of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation in AT function in humans is unclear. We tested whether AT macrophage (ATM) content, cytokine gene expression, and senescent cell burden (markers of AT inflammation) predict AT insulin resistance measured as the insulin concentration that suppresses lipolysis by 50% (IC50). We studied 86 volunteers with normal weight or obesity at baseline and a subgroup of 25 volunteers with obesity before and after weight loss.

Senescent cells in human adipose tissue: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: Adipose tissue (AT) senescence is associated with AT dysfunction in rodents, but little is known about human AT senescence. The study goal was to define the distribution of senescent cells in two subcutaneous depots and understand relationships with adiposity and inflammation.

Methods: Sixty-three volunteers (48 females) underwent abdominal and femoral subcutaneous fat biopsies.

Multisystem Progeroid Syndrome With Lipodystrophy, Cardiomyopathy, and Nephropathy Due to an p.R349W Variant.

Background: Pathogenic variants in lamin A/C () cause a variety of progeroid disorders including Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, mandibuloacral dysplasia, and atypical progeroid syndrome. Six families with 11 patients harboring a pathogenic heterozygous c.1045C>T; p.

A Genetic Approach to the Association Between PCSK9 and Sepsis.

Importance: Whether the PCSK9 gene is associated with the progress from infection to sepsis is unknown to date.

Objective: To test the associations between PCSK9 genetic variants, a PCSK9 genetic risk score (GRS), or genetically estimated PCSK9 expression levels and the risk of sepsis among patients admitted to a hospital with infection.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study used deidentified electronic health records to identify patients admitted to Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, with infection.

Self-Measured vs Professionally Measured Waist Circumference.

Purpose: Although waist circumference can provide important metabolic risk information, logistic issues inhibit its routine use in outpatient practice settings. We assessed whether self-measured waist circumference is sufficiently accurate to replace professionally measured waist circumference for identifying high-risk patients.

Methods: Medical outpatients and research participants self-measured their waist circumference at the same visit during which a professionally measured waist circumference was obtained.

PREDICTORS OF BIOCHEMICAL REMISSION AND RECURRENCE AFTER SURGICAL AND RADIATION TREATMENTS OF CUSHING DISEASE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence about predictors that may affect biochemical remission and recurrence after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS), radiosurgery (RS), and radiotherapy (RT) in Cushing disease.

Methods: We searched multiple databases through December 2014 including original controlled and uncontrolled studies that enrolled patients with Cushing disease who received TSS (first-line), RS, or RT. We extracted data independently, in duplicates.

LINGUAL THYROID: 35-YEAR EXPERIENCE AT A TERTIARY CARE REFERRAL CENTER.

Objective: Lingual thyroid (LT) results from a developmental abnormality due to failure of the thyroid gland to descend to its pretracheal position. Given the low incidence of this disease, standardized management recommendations are lacking. We aimed to describe our institution's experience in LT management and to suggest a practice algorithm.

Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: The objective was to assess the effect of menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT) on all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus) from inception until August 2013. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of more than 6 months of duration comparing MHT with no treatment.

Oral vs Transdermal Estrogen Therapy and Vascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Menopausal hormone therapy is widely used to alleviate climacteric symptoms but may increase the risk of venous and arterial vascular events.

Objective: The objective was to synthesize the evidence about the risk of vascular events in postmenopausal women who use oral estrogen therapy (ET) and transdermal ET.

Methods: We searched bibliographical databases through August 2013 for longitudinal comparative studies that enrolled postmenopausal women using either oral or transdermal ET and reported the outcomes of interest: venous thromboembolism (VTE), pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke.

Pharmacologic interventions for painful diabetic neuropathy: An umbrella systematic review and comparative effectiveness network meta-analysis.

Background: Multiple treatments for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy are available.

Purpose: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of oral and topical analgesics for diabetic neuropathy.

Data Sources: Multiple electronic databases between January 2007 and April 2014, without language restriction.

Randomized controlled trial of rituximab in patients with Graves' orbitopathy.

Context: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is a potentially sight-threatening disease for which available medical therapy is not uniformly successful. Multiple case series suggest that rituximab (RTX) may be effective therapy for GO patients.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of RTX in GO.

Glucose targets in pregnant women with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Glucose-lowering treatments are used during pregnancy to reduce the risk for complications in the mother and offspring, yet treatment targets have not been established.

Objective: Our objective was to appraise and summarize the available evidence regarding the association between different blood glucose targets during pregnancy and fetal and maternal outcomes.

Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, and CINAHL through May 2011 for randomized trials and observational studies that enrolled women with diabetes during pregnancy and reported planned or achieved glucose targets.