Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome due to Hypomagnesemia: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Hypomagnesemia can cause various unspecific neurological complications, which can lead to diagnostic confusion. One of these complications is the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), which is extremely uncommon and has been reported only twice in the English-language literature.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 60-year-old man who presented with PRES involving only the cerebellar hemispheres and associated with hypomagnesemia.

Stroke as an Unusual First Presentation of Lyme Disease.

Introduction. Lyme neuroborreliosis is a nervous system infection caused by spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi with diverse neurological complications. Stroke due to cerebral vasculitis is a rare consequence of neuroborreliosis and has been described in just a few case reports.

Intraoperative measurement of cortical oxygen saturation and blood volume adjacent to cerebral arteriovenous malformations using near-infrared spectroscopy.

Objective: Both cortical oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) and cortical blood volume (BV) are related to regional cerebral blood flow. Among a series of patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations, we examined the problem of hyperemia after embolization/resection or resection with the intraoperative application of near-infrared spectroscopy.

Methods: Cortical SaO(2) and BV (intracapillary total hemoglobin concentrations) were measured, with near-infrared spectroscopy, in areas adjacent to the arteriovenous malformation for 20 patients, before and after resection.

Visual evoked potentials for intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring using total intravenous anesthesia.

Conflicting reports on the usefulness of intraoperative monitoring of visual function by means of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) initiated this study. In 32 patients without visual problems, VEPs were recorded to evaluate the reliability for intraoperative monitoring with total intravenous anesthesia. All patients underwent noncranial surgery.

The impact of neurophysiological intraoperative monitoring on surgical decisions: a critical analysis of 423 cases.

Object: The aim of this observational clinical study was to analyze the impact of neurophysiological intraoperative monitoring (IOM) on the surgical procedure and to assess the benefits of such monitoring.

Methods: Data for 423 patients who underwent neurophysiological IOM with somatosensory evoked potentials and brainstem auditory evoked potentials during neurosurgical procedures were collected prospectively. The patients were classified into one of five groups according to the findings of IOM, the intervention following a monitoring alarm, and the patient's postoperative neurological condition.