Marital Conflict and Healthy Dietary Habits Among Preschoolers: A Study of the Experience of Coupled Women in Urban Mexico.

In Mexico social dynamics are changing toward less traditional arrangements. With a qualitative interview study, we explore the link between marital conflict and mothers' ability to foster healthy dietary habits. Sample consisted of 21 middle-class cohabitating mothers of preschoolers.

People's perception of changes in their abortion attitudes over the life course: A mixed methods approach.

Research examining the extent that people's attitudes toward abortion vary across the life course is mixed. Some studies do not show a strong relationship between abortion attitudes and life stage, while others do find strong associations in both directions-older age associated with both more and less favorable attitudes toward legal abortion. Taken together, these findings suggest that individual attitudes toward abortion are static for some but malleable for others.

Untold Narratives: Perceptions of Human Milk Banking and Donor Human Milk Among Ghanaian Immigrant Women Living in the United States.

Background: Donor human milk (DHM) though primarily administered in the NICU setting is increasingly being offered in well baby nurseries to promote exclusive breastfeeding. Despite the evidence supporting the use of DHM as a preferred supplement when mother's own milk (MOM) is unavailable or insufficient, foreign-born non-Hispanic black women are less likely to use DHM. Recognizing the cultural diversity and uniqueness among foreign-born non-Hispanic black communities in the USA, this exploratory study sought to understand perceptions of DHM and human milk banking (HMB) as well as factors influencing decision-making toward DHM among Ghanaian immigrant women living in the USA.

The Type and Amount of Dietary Fat Affect Plasma Factor VIIc, Fibrinogen, and PAI-1 in Healthy Individuals and Individuals at High Cardiovascular Disease Risk: 2 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Factor VIIc, fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) are cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and are modulated, in part, by fat type and amount.

Objective: We evaluated fat type and amount on the primary outcomes: factor VIIc, fibrinogen, and PAI-1.

Methods: In the Dietary Effects on Lipoproteins and Thrombogenic Activity (DELTA) Trial, 2 controlled crossover feeding studies evaluated substituting carbohydrate or MUFAs for SFAs.

Exploring perceptions and experiences of patients who have chronic pain as state prescription opioid policies change: a qualitative study in Indiana.

Objectives: The misuse and abuse of prescription opioids (POs) is an epidemic in the USA today. Many states have implemented legislation to curb the use of POs resulting from inappropriate prescribing. Indiana legislated opioid prescribing rules that went into effect in December 2013.

How Condom Discontinuation Occurs: Interviews With Emerging Adult Women.

We have almost no data on how and when couples stop using condoms. This qualitative study investigated the process of condom discontinuation. From November 2013 to April 2014, a total of 25 women living in a college town in the Midwest, ages 18 to 25, participated in semistructured interviews centered around three domains: partner interactions, contraceptive use, and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention.

Establishment of safety paradigms and trust in emerging adult relationships.

There is a critical need to understand the interplay between relationship trust and public health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of emerging adult women's processes of establishing trust in sexual relationships. Twenty-five women aged 18-24 years participated in semi-structured interviews.

Consenting to sexual activity: the development and psychometric assessment of dual measures of consent.

Sexual assault prevention efforts have focused on educating students to obtain consent as a mechanism to reduce sexual assault, yet little is known about how college students consent to sex. Additionally, there are currently no measures available to assess students' consent to sex. The current study aimed to better understand college students consent by using a systematic approach to develop validated measures of sexual consent.

Gender differences in heterosexual college students' conceptualizations and indicators of sexual consent: implications for contemporary sexual assault prevention education.

Because sexual assault is often defined in terms of nonconsent, many prevention efforts focus on promoting the clear communication of consent as a mechanism to reduce assault. Yet little research has specifically examined how sexual consent is being conceptualized by heterosexual college students. In this study, 185 Midwestern U.

My 'Fat Girl Complex': a preliminary investigation of sexual health and body image in women of size.

Women of size who inhabit non-normative bodies may have different experiences with body image and sexual health than women of average body size. In this exploratory study, we interviewed four women of size recruited from a larger mixed-methodological study of body image and sexuality. Each woman was interviewed twice on topics of body image, sexuality and sexual health.

An assessment of body appreciation and its relationship to sexual function in women.

Objectification theory posits internalization of an observer's gaze may negatively impact women's feelings about their bodies, which may subsequently affect their sexual function. Subjective body image and body size (i.e.

Comparison of monounsaturated fat with carbohydrates as a replacement for saturated fat in subjects with a high metabolic risk profile: studies in the fasting and postprandial states.

Background: In subjects with a high prevalence of metabolic risk abnormalities, the preferred replacement for saturated fat is unresolved.

Objective: The objective was to study whether carbohydrate or monounsaturated fat is a preferred replacement for saturated fat.

Design: Fifty-two men and 33 women, selected to have any combination of HDL cholesterol < or = 30th percentile, triacylglycerol > or = 70th percentile, or insulin > or = 70th percentile, were enrolled in a 3-period, 7-wk randomized crossover study.

High rates of obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in lower middle class community in Pakistan: the Metroville Health Study.

Objectives: To describe the distribution of over weight and body mass index, waist circumference and waist/ hip ratio, correlate obesity measures to coronary heart disease risk factors in comparison to Pakistan National Survey (PNS).

Methods: The Metroville Health Study (MHS) was an urban risk factor reduction intervention study in Metroville Karachi. Base line data was used which was not a random sample.

Association between protein intake and blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study.

Background: Findings from epidemiological studies suggest an inverse relationship between individuals' protein intake and their blood pressure.

Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological study of 4680 persons, aged 40 to 59 years, from 4 countries. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured 8 times at 4 visits.

Attainment of precision in implementation of 24 h dietary recalls: INTERMAP UK.

Collection of complete and accurate dietary intake data is necessary to investigate the association of nutrient intakes with disease outcomes. A standardised multiple-pass 24 h dietary recall method was used in the International Collaborative Study of Macro- and Micronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP) to obtain maximally objective data. Dietary interviewers were intensively trained and recalls taped, with consent, for randomly selected evaluations by the local site nutritionist (SN) and/or country nutritionists (CN) using a twelve-criterion checklist marked on a four-point scale (1, retrain, to 4, excellent).

A validation study on food composition tables for the international cooperative INTERMAP study in Japan.

Objective: The INTERMAP Study is an international cooperative study on the relationship between macro- and micro-nutrient intakes and blood pressure. The present study-ancillary to INTERMAP-is to evaluate validity of the INTERMAP Tables of Food Composition in Japan (ITJ) formulated by modifying the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan (STJ), including factoring in changes in weight and nutrient composition of individual foods due to cooking.

Methods: With chemical analytical values of 96 meals prepared in two university hospitals in Japan as the "gold standard", validity of calculated values based on the ITJ was examined for six major components (energy, protein, lipid, carbohydrate, sodium, potassium) by comparison of mean values, correlation, and linear regression analysis.

Standardised coding of diet records: experiences from INTERMAP UK.

Coding diet records is a basic element of most dietary surveys, yet it often receives little attention even though errors in coding can lead to flawed study results. In the INTERnational study of MAcro- and micronutrients and blood Pressure (INTERMAP study), efforts were made to minimise errors in coding the 18, 720 diet records. Staff were centrally trained and certified before being able to process study data and ongoing quality control checks were performed.

Blood pressure differences between northern and southern Chinese: role of dietary factors: the International Study on Macronutrients and Blood Pressure.

Blood pressure and prevalence of high blood pressure are greater for northern than southern Chinese. Reasons for these differences are unclear. Relationships of north-south blood pressure differences with multiple dietary factors were investigated in 839 Chinese participants, International Study on Macronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP), 561 northern, 278 southern, aged 40 to 59 years.

Enhancing data on nutrient composition of foods eaten by participants in the INTERMAP study in China, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

The International Study of Macronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP) is a four-country study investigating relationships between individual dietary intakes and blood pressure. Dietary intake patterns of individuals were estimated for macronutrients (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, alcohol) and their components (amino acids, fatty acids, starch), as well as minerals, vitamins, caffeine, and dietary fiber. The dietary assessment phase of the study involved collection of four 24-h recalls and two 24-h urine specimens from each of 4680 adults, ages 40-59, at 16 centers located in the People's Republic of China, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.