The impact of the obesity onset on the inflammatory and glycemic profile of women with severe obesity.

Background: The stage of life at the onset of obesity is an important factor in assessing inflammatory state and cardiometabolic risk.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the obesity onset and the inflammatory profile in women with severe obesity.

Setting: Public hospital, Brazil.

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and risk for Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.

Objective: To investigate the association of the consumption of ultra-processed foods with the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease in adults and the elderly. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022375944).

Methods: This is a systematic review reported according to PRISMA guidelines.

Interdisciplinary Therapy Improves the Mediators of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents with Obesity.

Obesity is associated with inflammation and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature mortality, as well as a range of other conditions. Obesity is a growing global problem, not only in adults, but also in children and adolescents. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effects of a one-year interdisciplinary intervention on the cardiometabolic and inflammatory profiles of adolescents with obesity.

Lipid profile and cost of enteral nutrition formula with addition of fish oil used in a public hospital.

Background & Aims: The present study evaluated the lipid profile of enteral nutrition formulas with added fish oil used in a public hospital, with an emphasis on the fatty acid (FA) composition.

Methods: FA composition was determined using gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Nine enteral nutrition formulas were evaluated and the results obtained were compared with those reported on the formulas labels.

Impact of dietary patterns according to NOVA food groups: 2 y after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Introduction: Appropriate eating habits are crucial for sustained weight loss after bariatric surgery. A qualitative analysis of food consumption in the late postoperative period of bariatric surgery is thus advisable, even more so considering the increasing consumption of obesity-impacting ultra-processed foods.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the contribution of unprocessed, processed, and ultra-processed foods 2 y after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Impact of Weight Loss on Inflammation State and Endothelial Markers Among Individuals with Extreme Obesity After Gastric Bypass Surgery: a 2-Year Follow-up Study.

Background: The medium-term impact of gastric bypass (GB) surgery on the inflammatory state and endothelial function of patients has yet to be confirmed.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the inflammatory profile and endothelial dysfunction response of adults with obesity 6 and 24 months after undergoing GB surgery.

Methods: The anthropometric and biochemical markers of 32 adults with obesity (two men and 30 females) were collected preoperatively, and 6 and 24 months postoperatively.

Neuroendocrine regulation of energy balance: Implications on the development and surgical treatment of obesity.

Introduction: Obesity, a serious public health problem, occurs mainly when food consumption exceeds energy expenditure. Therefore, energy balance depends on the regulation of the hunger-satiety mechanism, which involves interconnection of the central nervous system and peripheral signals from the adipose tissue, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract, generating responses in short-term food intake and long-term energy balance. Increased body fat alters the gut- and adipose-tissue-derived hormone signaling, which promotes modifications in appetite-regulating hormones, decreasing satiety and increasing hunger senses.

LEPR polymorphism may affect energy balance during weight loss among Brazilians obese adolescents.

Objective: Leptin is an adipokine released mainly by adipose tissue, with many functions including regulation of energy balance. However, little is known about the effect of LEPR polymorphism on orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides. Thus, the aim of the present study is to verify the influence of LEPR polymorphism (rs2767485) on serum orexigenic (NPY, MCH and AgRP) and anorexigenic (Leptin and α-MSH) neuropeptides levels among obese adolescents submitted to 1year of multicomponent weight loss therapy.

Eating patterns and food choice as determinant of weight loss and improvement of metabolic profile after RYGB.

Objective: Significant changes in the preference for different dietary components have been observed after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the early post-RYGB changes in quality of eating patterns and their relationship to weight loss and metabolic parameters.

Methods: The sample was composed of 41 extremely obese individuals undergoing RYGB.

Early effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on peptides and hormones involved in the control of energy balance.

Introduction: Body weight varies depending on the prevailing direction of environmental pressures; however, physiological factors also play a significant role in the control of body weight. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on hormones and peptides involved in the control of energy balance and their possible implications in appetite/satiety.

Methods: The sample included 39 individuals with extreme obesity (37 women and two men) who underwent RYGB.

[Waist circumference as a marker for screening nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese adolescents].

Objective:: To assess the relationship between the degree of waist circumference (WC) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese adolescents of both genders, analyzed according to quartiles of WC.

Methods:: Cross-sectional study that involved 247 obese adolescents aged 12–19 years. Mean values of the nutritional parameters and serum analyses were compared with the groups using the independent -test.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass decreases pro-inflammatory and thrombotic biomarkers in individuals with extreme obesity.

Background: The low-grade inflammatory state in obesity leads to insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction, which promote cardiovascular diseases in individuals with obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the early effects of weight loss achieved through bariatric surgery on the inflammatory and prothrombotic states. This study also aimed to identify the role of hyperleptinemia on the prothrombotic state.

The high glycemic index diet was an independent predictor to explain changes in agouti-related protein in obese adolescents.

Background & Aims: The role of diet glycemic index (GI) in the control of orexigenic and anorexigenic factors of the energy balance is still not clear. The present study aimed to assess whether the habitual diet, according to different GI foods, exerts influence on regulation of energy balance markers and the effects of interdisciplinary intervention in obese adolescents.

Methods: A total of 55 obese adolescents, aged from 14 to 19 years, were submited to one year of interdisciplinary therapy and were divided in two groups, according to the predominant dietary pattern of food intake: high-GI group (H-GI; n = 29) and moderate/low-GI group (M/L-GI; n = 26).

Cut-Off Values of Visceral Adiposity to Predict NAFLD in Brazilian Obese Adolescents.

Objectives. The present study aimed at determining cut-off points of visceral fat to predict NAFLD and analyzed metabolic disorders of obese adolescents. Methods.

Influence of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on vitamin C, myeloperoxidase, and oral clinical manifestations: a 2-year follow-up study.

Background: Bariatric surgery influences the intake and absorption of nutrients, which, when associated with vomiting, can damage the oral cavity. The serum concentrations of vitamin C and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and oral clinical manifestations were examined in patients 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Methods: Clinical prospective study with control group (CG; n = 26), assessed only once, and the bariatric group (BG; n = 26), assessed in the basal period and at 12 and 24 months after surgery.