Training Psychologists in Integrated Primary Care and Child Maltreatment: Trainee and Supervisor Perspectives on Lessons Learned.

Psychologists are key team members in the delivery of integrated behavioral healthcare. Healthcare reform has supported a shift toward a team-based, interdisciplinary model of service delivery, with increasing emphasis on primary care services, prevention, and health promotion. In conjunction with this shift has been a greater focus on psychosocial problems and social determinants of health, particularly childhood adversity.

Sibling Child Protective Services Involvement Following a Child Maltreatment Fatality.

Objective: This study examined CPS involvement of children surviving the CMF of a sibling as well as predictors of subsequent CPS reports.

Method: Department of Human Services and Child Death Review Board data about children who died from a CMF during 1993-2003 ( = 416) and their siblings in the state of Oklahoma were used to examine CPS involvement and predictors of subsequent CPS reports for surviving siblings.

Results: Surviving siblings of a victim of a CMF experienced substantial CPS involvement; 81% of the original victims had siblings who were subsequently reported to CPS ( = 1,840).

Interdisciplinary Training Program (ITP) in child abuse and neglect: Long term effects.

Background: University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center has offered Interdisciplinary Training Program (ITP) for Child Abuse and Neglect since 1987. However, there are limited evaluations on multidisciplinary/interprofessional training for early professionals in the field of child abuse and neglect.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of the ITP on young professionals in developing their careers and taking leadership roles in the field of child abuse and neglect.

Latent Class Analysis of HIV Risk Behaviors Among Russian Women at Risk for Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies.

The number of HIV cases attributed to heterosexual contact and the proportion of women among HIV positive individuals has increased worldwide. Russia is a country with the highest rates of newly diagnosed HIV infections in the region, and the infection spreads beyond traditional risk groups. While young women are affected disproportionately, knowledge of HIV risk behaviors in women in the general population remains limited.

Smoking and alcohol use among women in Russia: Dual risk for prenatal exposure.

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can produce adverse outcomes; maternal smoking compounds this risk. We examined prevalence of smoking and associations between smoking and alcohol use in Russian women of childbearing age ( = 648). Smoking was reported by 35% of nonpregnant and 14% of pregnant women.

Accuracy of a Pediatric Behavioral Health Screener to Detect Untreated Behavioral Health Problems in Primary Care Settings.

An estimated 10% to 20% of youth in primary care exhibit behavioral symptoms and may go underdetected. Most screeners identify risk base of symptoms alone, irrespective of functional impairment. To address this issue, the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17), a widely used symptom screener, was combined with functional impairment and current behavioral services enrollment items to form the Pediatric Behavioral Health Screen (PBHS) and assessed compared to the full Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).

Alcohol and HIV Risk Among Russian Women of Childbearing Age.

Russia has one of the fastest rising rates of HIV among women in the world. This study sought to identify key factors in HIV transmission among women in Russia. Data were collected as part of a larger clinical trial to prevent alcohol-exposed pregnancies (AEP).

Medical Surveillance and Child Maltreatment Incidence Reporting among NICU Graduates.

Objective of this study is to identify background infant and maternal characteristics that predict child maltreatment (CM) incidence reporting among Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) graduates by health care providers versus community sentinels with the goal of identifying ways to improve CM risk surveillance. Demographic, medical data including diagnoses and caregiving needs at discharge for infants treated in a NICU during 2005 to 2008 were obtained from the neonatology databases. CM outcome data was obtained from child welfare databases.

Do attitudes and knowledge predict at-risk drinking among Russian women?

Background: Drinking patterns among Russian women indicate substantial risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies. Data about women's knowledge and attitudes related to alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the extent to which women's knowledge and attitudes affect their alcohol use remain limited.

Objectives: To describe Russian women's knowledge and attitudes and assess whether women's knowledge and attitudes were associated with their risky drinking.

Mark Chaffin (1952-2015).

Presents an obituary for Mark Chaffin, who passed away unexpectedly on August 23, 2015, in Atlanta, Georgia, while riding his bike on the Atlanta Beltline, a joy and passion for him. Mark was a leader in the field of child maltreatment research. He dedicated his career to helping at-risk children and families.

Risk for Child Maltreatment Among Infants Discharged From a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Sibling Comparison.

Studies suggest that neonatal illness may cause increased risk for child maltreatment (CM), but these findings may be biased by observed and unobserved confounding factors (social, family, and maternal characteristics) including increased surveillance by health care providers. This study expands on previous research by examining and controlling for these potential study biases and confounders using a sibling discordance retrospective cohort study design. Infants born in a Level IV neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were matched with non-NICU born sibling controls.

Child Maltreatment Fatalities Related to Inadequate Caregiver Supervision.

More than 1,500 children died in the United States in 2011 due to child maltreatment. A substantial portion of these deaths were due to neglect. Previous research has found that a large percentage of child neglect cases involve supervisory neglect; however, the role of inadequate caregiver supervision (ICS) in child maltreatment deaths is unknown.

Women's receptivity to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders prevention approaches: A case study of two regions in Russia.

Aims: This study obtained data to inform the development of programs for prevention of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) by examining Russian women's perceptions about the determinants of their decisions regarding alcohol consumption during pregnancy; the importance of educating professionals and community about FASD; and the credibility of various sources of information.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Seven women's clinics in St.

Fatal child neglect: characteristics, causation, and strategies for prevention.

Research in child fatalities because of abuse and neglect has continued to increase, yet the mechanisms of the death incident and risk factors for these deaths remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the types of neglect that resulted in children's deaths as determined by child welfare and a child death review board. This case review study reviewed 22 years of data (n=372) of child fatalities attributed solely to neglect taken from a larger sample (N=754) of abuse and neglect death cases spanning the years 1987-2008.

Fatal child maltreatment: characteristics of deaths from physical abuse versus neglect.

This study examined victim, family, and alleged perpetrator characteristics associated with fatal child maltreatment (FCM) in 685 cases identified by child welfare services in the state of Oklahoma over a 21-year period. Analyses also examined differences in child, family, and alleged perpetrator characteristics of deaths from abuse versus neglect. Case information was drawn from child welfare investigation records for all FCM cases identified by the state Department of Human Services.

Special care needs and risk for child maltreatment reports among babies that graduated from the Neonatal Intensive Care.

Newborns discharged from intensive care are at elevated risk for child welfare reports, especially for child neglect. This study investigates the role of caregiving burden as a risk predictor among the NICU graduate population. Discharge data were captured for 2,463 infants graduating from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) during 2005-2008, then linked to child welfare reports at a median 3.

Brief FASD prevention intervention: physicians' skills demonstrated in a clinical trial in Russia.

Background: Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can result in a range of adverse pregnancy outcomes including Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). Risky drinking among Russian women constitutes a significant risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies (AEP). Russian women report that obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) physicians are the most important source of information about alcohol consumption during pregnancy and developing effective prevention interventions by OB/GYNs is indicated.

Women's alcohol consumption and risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies in Russia.

Aims: Alcohol-exposed pregnancies (AEP) are the direct cause of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). This study examines drinking patterns among pregnant and non-pregnant women of childbearing age in Russia, a country with one of the highest levels of alcohol consumption in the world.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Training competent psychologists in the field of child maltreatment.

Child maltreatment is a serious threat to children's physical and psychological well-being; therefore, it is critically important to develop high-quality educational programs to train psychologists in effectively addressing child abuse and neglect. Various health care disciplines and areas within the field of psychology have established competencies as a guide for student training curricula; however, none have been established for the area of child maltreatment. The present article presents training competencies for the field of child maltreatment that have been developed from a program designed to train psychology graduate students to practice and conduct research in child maltreatment.

U.S. child death review programs: assessing progress toward a standard review process.

Background: Child death review (CDR) programs examine the circumstances of children's deaths to gain information on how and why children die for the purpose of promoting the health, safety, and protection of children.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the 50 states and District of Columbia CDR programs, with specific focus on the use of standardized procedures and best-practice recommendations. This included assessment of which deaths are reviewed, the model of review, team membership, and standardization of data collection and reporting.

Factors related to sibling removal after a child maltreatment fatality.

Objectives: Many children who die from abuse or neglect are survived by siblings. However, little data are available about what happens to these siblings after the victim's death, such as whether they are removed from their home. Even less is known about how decisions are made regarding sibling removal following a child fatality.

Use of focus groups in developing FAS/FASD prevention in Russia.

Fetal alcohol syndrome is a severe outcome of alcohol use during pregnancy, and the rates may be higher in countries with greater use of alcohol. To obtain information from Russian physicians (N = 23), women (N = 23), and male partners (N = 5), focus groups were conducted with 51 participants in St. Petersburg, Russia.