Immunohistochemistry predictive markers for primary colorectal cancer tumors: where are we and where are we going?

The aim of our study is to highlight and organize the recently published immunohistochemistry (IHC) predictive biomarkers of primary colorectal cancers (CRCs) that could lead to practical implementation. We reviewed articles that examined CRC samples with significant statistic correlation between the IHC marker expression and disease progression over time, relationships with the available clinical features and those who detect the prognosis of drug effects. Our analysis showed that nine markers could correlate with medical treatment response of CRCs in different stages.

Interleukin-8 mRNA Expression in Locally Advanced Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Interleukin-8 (IL-8) has been proven to promote progression of malignant tumours and control angiogenesis processes. We aim to determine and compare interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene expression level in colorectal tumors (CCR) and peritumoral samples obtained through endoscopic biopsy.

Material And Methods: Total mRNA was obtained from both tumoral and peritumoral tissue samples collected from patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer.

Stem cells, colorectal cancer and cancer stem cell markers correlations.

: The idea of stem cells as being progenitors of cancer was initially controversial, but later supported by research in the field of leukemia and solid tumors. Afterwards, it was established that genetic abnormalities can affect the stem and progenitor cells, leading to uncontrolled replication and deregulated differentiation. These alterations will cause the changeover to cancerous stem cells (CSC) having two main characteristics: tumor initiation and maintenance.

Serum and tumor microenvironment IL-8 values in different stages of colorectal cancer.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer represents a major cause of mortality and morbidity and occupies the third place as cancer incidence and the fourth place as cancer mortality. Colorectal cancer causes 608 000 deaths per year, despite correct applied treatment (surgery and chemotherapy). Interleukin 8 (IL-8) is an important proinflammatory cytokine with an important role in leukocyte chemoattraction.

CD133/CD166/Ki-67 triple immunofluorescence assessment for putative cancer stem cells in colon carcinoma.

Background & Aims: Colorectal cancer represents the third most common malignancy and the fourth most common cause of cancer death worldwide. The existence of drug-resistant colon cancer stem cells is thought to be one of the most important reasons behind treatment failure in colon cancer, their existence putatively leading to metastasis and recurrences. The aim of our study was to investigate the immunoexpression patterns of CD133 and CD166 in colon carcinoma, both individually and in combination, assessing their significance as prognostic markers.

Determination of autophagy gene ATG16L1 polymorphism in human colorectal cancer.

Autophagy has emerged not only as an essential repair mechanism to degrade damaged organelles and proteins but also as a major player in protection of tumor cells from multiple stresses. It was shown that autophagy gene polymorphisms are correlated with development of chronic inflammatory lesions, which represent a risk factor for colorectal tumors. In this study, we aimed to determine if ATG16L1 +898A>G (Thr300Ala) polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) and to establish correlations between ATG16L1 genotypes and the major clinical and morphological parameters.